Immigrant Entrepreneurs: Koreans in Los Angeles, 1965-1982University of California Press, 1 sept. 2023 - 506 pagini A decade in preparation, Immigrant Entrepreneurs offers the most comprehensive case study ever completed of the causes and consequences of immigrant business ownership. Koreans are the most entrepreneurial of America's new immigrants. By the mid-1970s Americans had already become aware that Korean immigrants were opening, buying, and operating numerous business enterprises in major cities. When Koreans flourished in small business, Americans wanted to know how immigrants could find lucrative business opportunities where native-born Americans could not. Somewhat later, when Korean-black conflicts surfaced in a number of cities, Americans also began to fear the implications for intergroup relations of immigrant entrepreneurs who start in the middle rather than at the bottom of the social and economic hierarchy. Nowhere was immigrant enterprise more obvious or impressive than in Los Angeles, the world's largest Korean settlement outside of Korea and America's premier city of small business. Analyzing both the short-run and the long-run causes of Korean entrepreneurship, the authors explain why the Koreans could find, acquire, and operate small business firms more easily than could native-born residents. They also provide a context for distinguishing clashes of culture and clashes of interest which cause black-Korean tensions in cities, and for framing effective policies to minimize the tensions. |
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Pagina 12
... workers actually find employment in estab- lishments larger than 1000 workers . Fourth , new information indicates that previous estimates of the self - employed population systematically underestimated its size . The 1980 U.S. Census ...
... workers actually find employment in estab- lishments larger than 1000 workers . Fourth , new information indicates that previous estimates of the self - employed population systematically underestimated its size . The 1980 U.S. Census ...
Pagina 14
... workers . However , an increase of 100 foreign - born workers caused an increase of 13 self- employed workers.12 Similar logic applies to Korean entrepreneurship in Los Angeles . In the period 1967-1977 , the County of Los Angeles added ...
... workers . However , an increase of 100 foreign - born workers caused an increase of 13 self- employed workers.12 Similar logic applies to Korean entrepreneurship in Los Angeles . In the period 1967-1977 , the County of Los Angeles added ...
Pagina 23
... workers ( cf. Portes and Walton , 1981 : 55 ) . On the public side , the U.S. government propped up successive Korean dictatorships in order to bolster the world system's boundary with communism and to provide secure investment ...
... workers ( cf. Portes and Walton , 1981 : 55 ) . On the public side , the U.S. government propped up successive Korean dictatorships in order to bolster the world system's boundary with communism and to provide secure investment ...
Pagina 28
... workers and their families . The price of labor is also affected by worker militancy . Thus , production time lost during a strike raises employer costs , as do seniority rights and rigorous health and safety standards . In assessing ...
... workers and their families . The price of labor is also affected by worker militancy . Thus , production time lost during a strike raises employer costs , as do seniority rights and rigorous health and safety standards . In assessing ...
Pagina 30
... workers in the clothing industry averaged $ 3.41 an hour in 1976 , compared to $ 6.57 in industrial chemicals , $ 5.43 in metal products , and so on ( ILO , 1977 : 677-678 ) . South Korea showed similar internal variation , following ...
... workers in the clothing industry averaged $ 3.41 an hour in 1976 , compared to $ 6.57 in industrial chemicals , $ 5.43 in metal products , and so on ( ILO , 1977 : 677-678 ) . South Korea showed similar internal variation , following ...
Cuprins
3 | |
25 | |
27 | |
The Role of the Korean Government | 68 |
Emigration From South Korea | 102 |
KOREAN BUSINESS IN LOS ANGELES | 127 |
Immigration And Settlement | 129 |
Entrepreneurs and Firms | 156 |
Reaction and Solidarity | 298 |
KOREAN SMALL BUSINESS IN AMERICAN CAPITALISM | 327 |
The Protection of US Labor Standards | 329 |
The Cheapness of Korean Immigrant Small Business | 352 |
The Use of Korean Small Business by US Capital | 369 |
The Making of Immigrant Small Business | 399 |
CONCLUSION | 421 |
The Costs of Immigrant Entrepreneurship | 423 |
Class and Ethnic Resources | 178 |
Business Location | 204 |
The Retail Liquor Industry | 225 |
Raising Capital | 242 |
Sources of Entrepreneurship | 271 |
Telephone Survey 1977 | 435 |
Notes | 437 |
References | 461 |
Index | 485 |
Alte ediții - Afișează-le pe toate
Immigrant Entrepreneurs: Koreans in Los Angeles, 1965-1982 Ivan Light,Edna Bonacich Previzualizare limitată - 2023 |
Immigrant Entrepreneurs: Koreans in Los Angeles, 1965-1982 Ivan Light,Edna Bonacich Previzualizare limitată - 2023 |
Immigrant Entrepreneurs: Koreans in Los Angeles, 1965-1982 Ivan Light,Edna Bonacich Previzualizare limitată - 1991 |
Termeni și expresii frecvente
American Angeles County areas Asian Asian American Association Bank benefits big business business enterprises business owners business population capitalist Census chain migration cheap labor Christians City coethnics competition contractors corporations countries cultural economic emigration employees employment ethnic resources exemption exports foreign Franchising garment industry Hankook Ilbo Hispanic immigrant entrepreneurship immigrant small business important increased investment Korean business Korean community Korean Directory Korean entrepreneurs Korean entrepreneurship Korean firms Korean government Korean immigrants Korean labor Korean population Korean workers Korean-owned firms Koreatown labor certification labor force labor standards license liquor industry loans Los Angeles County manufacturing ment middleman minorities million ness non-Korean organization percent of Korean percentage political reported retail sector self-employed self-employment Seoul social solidarity Source South Korea subcontracting Table Third World tion trade U.S. Bureau U.S. capital U.S. Congress U.S. Senate United USGPO zip codes