Elements of Abstract AnalysisSpringer Science & Business Media, 6 dec. 2012 - 300 pagini In nature's infinite book ofsecrecy A little I can read. Antony and Cleopatra, l. ii. This is a book about a few elementary concepts of analysis and the mathe matical structures which enfold them. It is more concerned with the interplay amongst these concepts than with their many applications. The book is self-contained; in the first chapter, after acknowledging the fundamental role ofmathematical logic, wepresent seven axioms of Set Theory; everything else is developed from these axioms. It would therefore be true, if misleading, to say that the reader requires no prior knowledge of mathematics. In reality, the reader we have in mind has that level of sophistication achieved in about three years of undergraduate study of mathematics and is already well acquainted with most of the structures discussed-rings, linear spaces, metric spaces, and soon-and with many ofthe principal analytical concepts convergence, connectedness, continuity,compactness and completeness. Indeed, it is only after gaining familiarity with these concepts and their applications that it is possible to appreciate their place within a broad framework of set based mathematics and to consolidate an understanding of them in such a framework. To aid in these pursuits, wepresent our reader with things familiar and things new side by side in most parts of the book-and we sometimes adopt an unusual perspective. That this is not an analysis textbook is clear from its many omissions. |
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Pagina 14
... denoted by A / ~ , and is called the QUOTIENT of A by Example 1.2.10 ~ . If x is a set , then { ( a , a ) | a € x } ... denoted by f ( x ) ; we say that ƒ MAPS x to y . A function f is called a CONSTANT FUNCTION if and only if its range is ...
... denoted by A / ~ , and is called the QUOTIENT of A by Example 1.2.10 ~ . If x is a set , then { ( a , a ) | a € x } ... denoted by f ( x ) ; we say that ƒ MAPS x to y . A function f is called a CONSTANT FUNCTION if and only if its range is ...
Pagina 15
... denoted by ƒ ( C ) ; similarly , if D C P ( Y ) , the subset { ƒ ̃1 ( B ) | B € D } of P ( X ) may be denoted by f1 ( D ) . In general , this type of notation will be used only if there is no possibility of confusion ; in particular ...
... denoted by ƒ ( C ) ; similarly , if D C P ( Y ) , the subset { ƒ ̃1 ( B ) | B € D } of P ( X ) may be denoted by f1 ( D ) . In general , this type of notation will be used only if there is no possibility of confusion ; in particular ...
Pagina 18
... denoted by ( xi ) ; 1 , or more simply by ( x ; ) . Where an indexing set is a set of ordered pairs , it is usual to leave out parentheses ; we write , for example , xj , k rather than x ( j , k ) . If ( Xi ) ier is a family , then U ...
... denoted by ( xi ) ; 1 , or more simply by ( x ; ) . Where an indexing set is a set of ordered pairs , it is usual to leave out parentheses ; we write , for example , xj , k rather than x ( j , k ) . If ( Xi ) ier is a family , then U ...
Pagina 20
... denoted also by C , is a partial order relation on C. We express this fact by saying that ( C , C ) is a partially ordered set or that C is PARTIALLY ORDERED BY INCLUSION ( meaning proper inclusion ) . The relation C may , of course ...
... denoted also by C , is a partial order relation on C. We express this fact by saying that ( C , C ) is a partially ordered set or that C is PARTIALLY ORDERED BY INCLUSION ( meaning proper inclusion ) . The relation C may , of course ...
Pagina 21
... denoted by sup A. If sup A exists and is a member of A , it is called the GREATEST MEMBER or MAXIMUM ELEMENT of A and is denoted by max A. • If the set of lower bounds for A in S has a maximal element , this is called a GREATEST LOWER ...
... denoted by sup A. If sup A exists and is a member of A , it is called the GREATEST MEMBER or MAXIMUM ELEMENT of A and is denoted by max A. • If the set of lower bounds for A in S has a maximal element , this is called a GREATEST LOWER ...
Cuprins
21 | |
Alls Well that Ends Well Viii | 29 |
Counting | 61 |
Algebraic Structure | 80 |
Analytic Structure | 91 |
Linear Structure | 115 |
Geometric Structure | 133 |
Topological Structure | 159 |
Continuity and Openness | 177 |
Connectedness | 207 |
Convergence | 215 |
Compactness | 231 |
91 | 242 |
Completeness | 245 |
Solutions | 269 |
Bibliography | 285 |
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acc(A arbitrary Axiom of Choice bijective bounded called cardinal closed subset compact space compact subset complete connected converges Corollary counting number defined Definition denote dense disjoint domain endowed ensures equivalent Example EXERCISES Q exists field F filter finite subset follows ƒ is continuous Hausdorff space Hilbert space homomorphism includes induced inequality initial topology injective injective function inner product inverse Lemma linear subspace linearly independent maximal subspace maximal wedge metric space nbd(x non-empty set non-empty subset non-trivial normed linear space open ball open intervals open neighbourhood open sets open subset ordered set ordinal Proof Suppose ps(X ran(u real linear space Recursive relative topology second countable semimetric space seminormed seminormed linear space sequence sequentially Show subbase surjective T₁ topological space topology determined totally ordered ultrafilter union unique unit ball usual topology vector space whence