3. (a) What was the principal cause of the French and Indian war? (b) State the connec tion of George Washington with that war. (c) What changes were wrought by that war in the ownership of American territory? 4. Burgoyne. (a) What was Burgoyne's purpose in invading the United States? (b) What was his proposed route? (c) What generals were expected to cooperate with him? How? (d) What was the decisive battle of the campaign? (e) What effect had this campaign on the issue of the war? 1776. 5. State concisely the important actions taken by the Continental Congress in 1774, 1775, and 6. (a) What and where was "Mason's and Dixon's line"? (b) When new States came to be erected west of the Alleghenies, what natural boundary was accepted as a prolongation of this line? (c) Why should there have been a controversy over the admission of Missouri, when there had been practically none over the admission of other new States up to that time? 7. Finance. (a) Who was the first great American financier? (b) How did he propose to raise money to carry on the government? (c) Give the dates of two important financial crises in America. (d) What is a "government bond"? a "greenback?" "fiatt money?" 8. (a) Give a short account of Sherman's advance from Chattanooga to Atlanta. 9. (b) Of what importance was Atlanta to the Confederates? Describe the battle between the Monitor and the Merrimac. When did this battle occur, and why was it important? 10. Name the two great political parties in America, and give the leading features in the policy of each during the following periods: (a) During the Revolution." (b) From 1783 to 1787. (c) From 1789 to 1817. (d) From Jackson's time until 1856. (e) From 1856 until 1872. THEORY AND PRACTICE OF TEACHING. 1. Describe briefly your method of teaching United States history. What is manual training as the term is used in connection with school-work? 2. 3. What is psychology? Of what use is it to a teacher? 4. What has a pupil gained by the study of a subject that he forgets a few years after leaving school? 5. Write at least eight lines about Froebel. How will a knowledge of the history of arithmetic assist a teacher in presenting the sub 6. Name three qualities in a teacher essential to the maintenance of order. 7. ject? 8. What are the objects of a recitation? 9. Enumerate some of the causes of tardiness. 10. What are the benefits of written examinations? PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE. 1. 2. 3. 4. juice? What is the office of the saliva: (a) In mastication? (b) In digestion? (a) Where is the spinal cord located? (b) In what part of the spinal cord is the gray matter? Explain why cleanliness of the skin is conducive to health. What organs secrete: (a) the saliva; (b) the gastric juice; (c) the bile; (d) the pancreatic 5. A child is less liable to break a bone than an old person. Why? 6. Give two reasons why a frequent change of air in a school-room is necessary and conducive to the health of the pupils. 7. Explain how the blood is purified in the lungs. 8. Explain the change in nervous action by which a muscular act, such as writing, originally very difficult, finally becomes nearly automatic. 9. Define (1) pepsin; (2) aorta; (3) glottis. 10. If a school-room 28 feet long, 24 feet long, and 12 feet high contain 39 pupils and a teacher. how often must the air be changed in a school day of 6 hours in order that there may be perfect ventilation? MAY 1, 1891. ORTHOGRAPHY. (Section 1. Fifty credits.) 1. What is the rule for dividing a word at the end of a line? 2. Name and give the uses of three prefixes and three suffixes, and form derivative words therewith. 3. What may be learned about a word by consulting Webster's Unabridged Dictionary? 4. How many elementary sounds are there? 5. Give two rules for spelling that you have found useful. (Section 2. Fifty credits.) The following words are to be pronounced by the examiners. The applicants will write and spell the same. One credit is allowed for each word correctly spelled: 1. mahogany 23. ingenous 25. typhoid 23. scalene READING. 40. proselyte 45. equiangular State your methods of teaching primary, intermediate and advanced reading classes. 2. Would you have much concert reading? Why? 3. Name some of the indespensible qualities of good reading. 4. Define emphasis, pitch, force, rate, accent. 5. Do you permit beginners to read by spelling the words? 6. How do you break up the monotone in reading? 7. What do you understand by the following: "Sense reading," "silent reading," "reading between the lines." S. Explain the word method. 9. How do you cultivate a love of good reading in your school? 10. Read selections given by the examiners. PENMANSHIP. 1. Write the small letters in groups in the order in which you would teach them. 2. Write the capitals in the same way. 3. How is the height of letters determined? 4. How is the width, slant, and spacing of letters determined? 5. Describe the different movements in writing. Tell which you think the best, and your reasons therefor. GRAMMAR. 1. (a) Define English grammar. (b) Name and define the various heads under which English grammar is treated. (e) Name and define the several parts of speech. 2. Name some of the objects of studying grammar. 3. What modifications have nouns and pronouns? 4. Define the following: Mode, tense, person, number. 5. Write the plural number of the following: Fox, hero, folio, fly, duty, day, valley, sheaf, half, chief, thief, gulf, shelf, tife, knife, strife, child, tooth, Miss Brown, father-in-law, handful. 6. Give the possessive plural of the following: Ox, men, general, wolf, who, I, he. 7. Distinguish between the following words: (a) Courts-martial and court-martials; (b) fishes and fish; (e) latest and last. 8. Give the past tense and imperfect participle of the following verbs: Flee, fly, lie (to recline), lay, sit. set, dream, clothe, go. 9. Correct the following, if necessary, giving reasons: (a) One of the other must relinquish their claim. (b) Somebody told me, I forgot who. (c) Time and tide waits for no man. (d) A large flock of birds were in sight. 10. (a) Parse all the words in the sentence: "Life bears us on like the stream of a mighty river.' (b) Diagram and analyze the following: 1. Abstain from injuring others, if you wish to be in safety. 2. By the faults of others, wise men learn how to correct their own. GEOGRAPHY, 1. Define the following: River-basin, horizon, pole, zenith, orbit, solstice. 2. Locate the following cities: Atlanta, Mobile, New Orleans, Wheeling, Pittsburgh, Detroit, Chicago. 3. Name and locate three mountain ranges in this State. 4. Name the great races of mankind, and state the principal locations of each. 5. Name at least five States which have neither sea coast or lake coast. 6. Name in order of their importance three empires and two republics. 7. State three conditions that modify the climate of any country. S. What countries are especially noted for the production of tea, silk, wool, coffee, wine, watches, wheat, raisins, tobacco, olive oil? 9. How many counties in this State? How many cities? How many towns in the county where you teach? 10. Why are day and night always equal at the equator? UNITED STATES HISTORY. 1. What portion of the United States was first settled by the Spanish? the English? the Dutch? 2. Who were the Huguenots? Why did many of them come to America? 3. Who were the first explorers of the Mississippi valley? 4. Name one important event of each year of the Revolutionary war? 7. Of what nation did the United States government purchase Louisiana? 8. Mention something of interest relative to James Munroe, Andrew Jackson, Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun. 9. Mention one specially important event of each year of the Civil war. 10. With what great enterprises is each of the following names associated: De Witt Clinton, S. F. B. Morse, Cyrus W. Field, Ezra Cornell, M. Bartholdi, M. De Lesseps. MENTAL ARITHMETIC. 1. At 10 cen's a peck, how many bushels of apples can you buy for $8? 2. William borrowed 2 of Emily's money, and after spending 34 of it, returned the remainder. which was $20; how much money had Emily? 3. Fanny had 14 plums more than Sallie, and 2-5 of Fanny's equals 34 of Sallie's number; how many has each? 4. If 5 horses can eat a lot of grain in 12 days, in what time will it be consumed if 7 horses are added when the grain is eaten? 3 5. A wagon was sold for $90, which was 10 per cent less than its value; what would have been the gain per cent if it had been sold for $120? 6. At what per cent will 86, in 3 years and 4 months, amount to $7? 7. A, B, and C built a boat for $62; A sent 3 men 4 days, B 4 men 5 days, C 5 men 6 days; how much do A, B, and C receive respectively? 8. Robort agreed to carry 50 oranges to market for 11⁄2 a cent each, on condition that he should forfeit 2 cents for each one he ate; he received 16 cents. How many did he eat? 9. Mr. A bought a number of turkeys for $5; had he bought 3 times as many, plus 4, for the same price, they would have cost him $12 more. How many did he buy? 10. B bought goods 20 per cent below par, and sold them 20 per cent above par; supposing be gained $90, what amount of goods did he buy? WRITTEN ARITHMETIC. i. Define the following terms: Subtraction, difference, remainder, prime number, compound number, ratio, bank discount. 2. Write the tables of linear measure, square measure. cubic measure. 3. 4. What do you know about the metric system? How many standard units has this system? ($1260 × 3.49) $10.47 $850 $6.89 = ? 5. In a school-room 32 feet long, 18 feet wide and 12 feet high, are 60 pupils, each breathing 10 cubic feet of air in a minute. In what time will they breatha as much air as the room con tains? 6. A person borrows $3754.45, being the property of a minor who is 15 years, 3 months, 20 days old. He retains it until the owner is 21 years old. How much money will then be due at 6 per cent? 7. If a bin 8 feet long, 4 1-5 feet wide and 21% feet deep holds 67% bushels, how deep must another bin be made that is 18 feet long and 3 5-6 feet wide to hold 450 bushels? 8. Find the face of a note drawn at 4 months, the proceeds of which when discounted at bank at 7 per cent, is $875.50. 9. If a piece of silk cost $1.20 a yard, at what price must it be marked that it may be sold at 10 per cent less than the marked price and still make a profit of 20 per cent ? 10. A merchant sold 238 hhds. of sugar, each containing 963 pounds, net weight, at 13 cents a pound on 4 months' time, and immediately got the paper discounted at a bank at 7 per cent. How much money did he receive? THEORY AND PRACTICE OF TEACHING. 1. Give a plan for preventing tardiness at school. 2. Outline your method of teaching number in primary work. 3. Do you use the sentence method, the word method or the alphabet method in teaching reading, and what are its advantages over the other two? 4. Explain your method of teaching beginners to read. 5. What results should be secured by map-drawing? 6. State two good rules to be observed in criticising pupils in class-work. 8. Why is good ventilation essential to good study? 9. How is the eye-sight of pupils affected who face a strong or glaring light? What is the remedy? 10. Give you views concerning home study by pupils in the public school. 1. What do you mean by the skeleton? 3. Explain the uses of bones. 4. Why do we need food? Describe the different kinds of vegetable and animal food. Describe the stomach. 5. What is meant by digestion? 6. 7. Of what use is the blood? 8. 9. Describe the heart. What can you tell of the work done by the heart? How does alcohol get into the blood? What is the effect of alcohol upon the heart? 10. What are the chief dangers from impure air? Why and how should we ventilate? AUGUST, 1891. WRITTEN ARITHMETIC. 1. Define the following: Compound number; odd number; composite number; common multiple. Write an example of each. 2. Make and solve an example illustrating the division of a fraction by a fraction. 3. How many sods, each 16 in. square, will be required to turf a yard 53 ft. 4 in. long and 28 ft. wide? 4. How many cubic feet of masonry in the wall of a cellar 371⁄2 ft. long, 26 ft. wide, and 9 ft. deep, the wall being 2 ft. thick; and what will be the cost, at $3. 85 a perch? 5. Two pictures were sold for $99 each; on one there was a gain of 10 per cent, on the other a loss of 10 per cent. Was there a gain or loss on the sale of both, and how much? 6. Bought land at $30 an acre. How much must I ask an acre, that I may abate 25 per cent from my asking price and still make 20 per cent on the purchase money? 7. What is the difference between the interest and true discount of $130, due 10 months hence, at 10 per cent? 8. If it require 1,200 yards of cloth 5-4 wide to clothe 500 men, how many yards which is 7% wide will clothe 960 men? 9 A man purchased goods for $10,500, to be paid in three equal installments, without interest. the first in 3 months, the second in 4 months, the third in 8 months; how much ready money will pay the debt, money being worth 7 per cent? 10. Which is the cheaper, a suit of clothes which costs $56 and will last 18 months, or a suit of clothes that costs $35 and will last 10 months; and how much will a man save in 20 years who wears the cheaper suit, interest not being reckoned? MENTAL ARITHMETIC. 1. B's wedding coat cost $40, and 34 of this is twice the cost of his vest, and also three times the cost of his hat. What was the cost of each and of all? 2. One half of the difference between two numbers is 6, and of the first number equals 14 of the second; required, numbers. 3. If it require 5 men 8 days to build 20 rods of wall, how many men can, in 2 days, build 1⁄2 as much wall? 4. Taylor lost 60 per cent on a watch by selling it for $40; what should he have received for it to gain 60 per cent? 5. A. B. and C, together, have $1,200, of which A has 2 and B 3 times as much as C. What is the interest of each for five years at 6 per cent ? 6. One half of the cost of Bowman's house, plus 2% of the cost of his farm, being on interest for five years, at 8 per cent, amounts to $2,100. What is the cost of each, provided the house cost as much as the farm? 7. Warner receives $2.50 a day for his labor and pays 50 cents a day for his board; at the expiration of 40 days he has saved just $50; how many days did he work, and how many days was he idle? 8. There are 50 pupils in a certain school, consisting of girls and boys, and there are 8 boys to 2 girls; how many boys must leave the school that there may be 6 boys to 2 girls? 9. James went to a store, borrowed 10 cents, and then spent 12 cents; he did this at a second and third store, and then had no money left; how much money had he at first? 10. B bought a number of sheep for $30, and losing 2 he sold 34 of the remainder, lacking 3, for cost, and received $21 less than all cost; required, the number bought. PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE. 1. Define the following: anatomy, hygiene, blood, bone, muscle, nerve. 2. 3. State some general facts about the bones of the human body and some of their uses. 4. What is the effect of exercise on the muscles? 5. What do you know of the results of systematic physical exercises with and without appa ratus? 6. Name the divisions of the brain. 7. State the functions of the brain. S. What is the nervous system, and what may be said of the importance of caring for the same? 9. 10. How is the blood distributed? Mention some of the effects of alcohol and tobacco on digestion. UNITED STATES HISTORY. 1. (a) What people settled in Acadia? (b) What permanent English settlement was made about the same time? 2. Name the first two permanent settlements in New York. 3. (a) Who founded Philadelphia? (b) Baltimore? 4. (a) State one cause of the American Revolution? (b) Name the greatest event of 1776; of 1751; of 1861; of 1865; of 1876, 5. (a) Who were the Tories? (b) The Hessians? 6. (a) What Union officer commanded the land forces at Antietam? (b) at Gettysburg? (e) at Atlanta? (d) at Vicksburg? (e) the naval forces at Mobile? 7. Name three States known as "border" States during the Civil War. S. (a) What historic event is suggested by Ticonderoga? (b) Stony Point? (e) Cemetery Ridge? (d) Atlanta? (e) Appomatox? 9. (a) What was the Mutiny Act? (b) The Boston massacre? 10. (a) How did Texas become a part of the United States? (b) What resulted? THEORY AND PRACTICE. 1. By which method would you teach primary reading? Give reason for your choice. 2. 3. Is it better that pupils stand or sit while reciting? Why? How would you teach the position of objects and their direction from a given point? 4. What directions would you give pupils in regard to home study? Give reasons. 5. Name two subjects for composition, suitable for pupils from eight to twelve years old, and state your reason for considering them suitable. 6. Should the seats of a school-room be arranged so as to bring the windows in front or rear? To the right or left? Give reasons. 7. What are the ends to be gained in language study? 8. Why should teachers have some knowledge of the history of education? 9. Describe a good method of calling a school together in an orderly manner after an intermission. 10. Do you permit or forbid whispering in school? Give your reasons. ENGLISH GRAMMAR. 1. 2. form. Name the classes and the modifications of verbs. Change the expression, "One of his friends told him of the arrangement," to the passive 3. Compare (a) happy; (b) near; (c) worse; (d) straight; (e) beautiful. 4. Write the feminine of (a) nepew; (b) hero; (c) baron; (d) benefactor; (e) Paul. 5. Which should be first taught, construction or analysis? Why? 6. Write (a) three nouns that have no plural; (b) three that have no singular. 7. Give the principal parts of the following verbs: (a) blow; (b) break; (c) freeze; (d) cast; Write sentences containing (a) an infinitive phrase; (b) a verb in the potential mode, past tense; (c) a relative clause; (d) a substantive clause; (e) a noun used as an attribute. 10. Analyze, by diagram or otherwise: (a) We preferred to remain at home. (b) To venture it was to die. (c) Green is the sod and cold the clay. (d) He looked mild and gentle. Describe the shortest all-water route from New Orleans to Borneo. 6. On what geographical circle are the days and nights always of equal length? Name, in order, the ten States that touch the Mississippi river, beginning at its source. 7. Why is the climate of Northern Europe warmer than that of North America in the same latitude? |