said the superintendent. "You must take that high fence down," said the Governor, "and put up a neat picket fence.". "I tender you my resignation, said the superintendent. "All right, I accept it," responded the Governor. The result eventually was the appointment as superintendent of the present incumbent, Mr. Frank M. Howe, who had been filling the position of deputy superintendent. Mr. Howe is son of the superintendent of the Ohio Reform School, where the mild plan of treatment has been in operation successfully for some time. The high fence has been taken down, and a neat picket fence substituted; knives and forks are used at dinner; a table-cloth covers the dining tables, which are now set neatly and tastefully with cups and saucers, plates and dishes, and everything pleasant to look at. Dr. Jacokes said this plan had been tried a year when he visited the school, and he inquired of the superintendent how many cases had been reported to him for correction and punishment. "Not a single scholar," said he. The change made in a single year is very great. The buildings are painted, and everything has a pleasant appearance. The police regulations of the school are of the mildest possible type. One of the inmates is appointed doorkeeper, and is dressed in a neat navy-blue uniform, with brass-gilt buttons, marked "R. S." This is the dress uniform of all the boys on Sundays. The work-day uniform is gray. The principal punishment for refractory boys is a system of demerit marks, or deprivation of some enjoyment allowed to other boys. Corporal punishment is seldom required, and is resorted to only in extreme cases. The boys show no disposition to abuse the confidence reposed in them, and many months have elapsed since an attempt has been made by any one to escape.

The center building is 48 feet front, 56 feet deep, and four stories high. There are wings, extending north and south, 95 feet long, 33 feet deep, and three stories high, with towers at the extremities four stories high. The north wing extends to the east 83 feet. This building contains dining-room, kitchen, laundry, office, reception room, parlor, guest chamber, rooms for officers and employes, and chapel capable of seating 300 persons; also, an art gallery, reading-room and dormitories, with separate sleeping apartments for the boys. There are also bath and wash-rooms, school-room and library, store-room, bakery, ironing-room, shoe-shop, hospital and bed-rooms. At short distances on either side of the front lawn are two family houses, each 42×50 feet, two stories high, with a mansard roof, and, like the main building, built of brick, which is now painted a pleasant stone-color. Each of these houses contains suitable apartments for an overseer and his family, with accommodations for a large number of boys, who are placed there as a reward for good conduct. The

shops are northeast of the main building, and are in a substantial brick structure, three stories high, 146 feet long, and 52 feet deep. The buildings are heated by steam supplied by the boilers connected with the workshops. An artesian well 600 feet deep supplies ample pure water for the use of the institution. The farm is all under improvement, being worked by the boys. There is a barn 48×66, on a stone foundation; also, sheds for stock and implements.

The total property of the institution is estimated at $235,136.39, besides $3,570.19 due the institution for the labor of boys. Chair bottoming is the chief manufacturing industry, apart from shoemaking and tailoring. The average number of boys during 1874 was 241; expenses, $22,666.72, or $93.92 per capita. The library contains 2,631 volumes.

The most important change made recently was the removal of all the remaining prison features of the institution. This has been done under Superintendent Howe's direction, and the effect on the conduct of the boys has proved this and the kind treatment they receive in other respects a great success. The boys do not regard themselves as convicts, nor as under disgrace; they acquire habits of industry, cleanliness and regularity, and sickness is so rare among them that a salaried physician has been dispensed with. The boys are cheerful and happy. Religious services are held every Sunday afternoon, and ministers of various denominations officiate as invited by the superintendent.

The school is conducted in a similar manner to an ordinary graded school, with six divisions, having from thirty to fifty scholars and a teacher for each. The examination papers which formed a part of the exhibit were highly creditable to the scholarship of the boys. There was also a printed volume from the Reform School, in which the annual reports from 1864 are bound. The most interesting features of these reports are the numerous letters received from boys who have been inmates of the school, written after they have left the institution. They generally express the warmest gratitude for the kind treatment and useful instruction they have received, and affection for their instructors.

UN

V.-COLLEGES, SCHOOLS AND LIBRARIES.

NDER this head are included descriptive notices of the exhibits by the denominational colleges, private schools and ladies' library associations represented at the Centennial Exhibition. There are many denominational and private schools in the State that were not represented, especially those supported by the Catholic church, none of which appear. There are also a number of libraries that are not public in the sense of being controlled by public authority, but yet are public so far as offering their benefits to all of the people, without distinction or condition, other than the payment of small fees necessary for their support and attendance. At the head of these may be mentioned the Detroit Young Men's Society library, with a catalogue of 13,500 volumes.

ADRIAN COLLEGE.

The College was organized March 22, 1859, under the auspices of the Wesleyan Methodist connection, and was incorporated under the general laws of the State. At this time the incorporation consisted of twelve trustees, who in 1868 transferred the institution to a new board, representing the Collegiate Association of the Methodist Protestant Church, on condition that the new board would assume all the obligations-then over $30,000-and endow the College in not less than $100,000. In 1870, the articles of association were so amended as to allow of thirty trustees, which enabled the Collegiate Association to take direct control, and invested the General Conference of the Methodist Church with power to elect, at each one of its quadrennial sessions, one-half of the entire board, placing the College under the entire control of the denomination. The officers of the Board of Trustees for the Centennial year were: President, Norman Geddes, Adrian; secretary and assistant treasurer, G. B. McElroy, D. D., Adrian; treasurer and general agent, N. R. Swift, Port Byron, New York. The College is located at Adrian, the county-seat of Lenawee county. The college grounds consist of twenty acres, donated by Hon. L. G. Berry and Dr. D. K. Underwood. Five buildings are contemplated, four of which have been built. The institution is for the education of both sexes, and retains the dormitory and boarding feature (the halls for the sexes being separate), and will accommodate at present 225 students. The fifth building, to be

erected in the center, will render the appearance of the whole harmonious and complete. The whole value of the property, June 19, 1874-the last time it was estimated-was $137,000, exclusive of the endowment fund. An effort was being made to create a Centennial endowment fund of $75,000, which, together with other endowments, will make the total assets of the College, in round numbers, $300,000.

FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE.

G. B. McElroy, M. A., D. D., President, and Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy. A. H. Lowrie, M. A., Political Science and English Literature.

D. S. Stephens, M. A., Logic and Rhetoric.

I. W. McKeever, M. A., Natural Science.

M. L. Jennings, M. A., Greek and Hebrew.

B. H. Rupp, Instrumental Music and Musical Composition.

D. Schindler, M. A., Rational Psychology, Latin and Theology.
Martha Sinclair, Principal of Ladies' Department, French.

Cynthia Walker, Vocal Music.

Both the classical and scientific courses continue throughout the four years, open to both sexes, and when satisfactorily completed, the full course entitles the student to the usual academic degrees. No student is allowed to pursue more than three studies simultaneously.

Whole number of graduates since organization: gentlemen, 79; ladies, 55. There is a good school of theology, and three literary societies. A college paper, the "Adrian College Recorder," is published monthly. There is also an excellent cabinet of natural history. There is an alumni association, that meets annually. President, J. H. Fee, M. A.; secretary, A. Bennett, M. A.; treasurer, R. A. Watts, M. A. The College is complete in nearly all its departments, and is well supported by the denomination to which it belongs.

ALBION COLLEGE.

The germ of this institution is found as far back as 1835, as the "Spring Arbor Seminary," under a legislative charter. An amendatory act, in 1850, changed the name to the "Wesleyan Seminary," and the location to Albion. The "Albion Female Collegiate Institute" followed as an adjunct, the whole assuming the title of the "Wesleyan Seminary and Female College at Albion," by virtue of legislative enactment in 1857, and by similar enactment in 1861 it was simplified as "Albion College." The full college courses were not estab lished till 1864. The College is under the control of twelve trustees, appointed by the Michigan and Detroit Annual Conferences of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The College has power to confer degrees such as are usually conferred

by colleges and universities, and requires such thorough and systematic courses of study as will secure a mental development, culture and discipline that should always be made a condition precedent to a degree.

The college buildings are beautifully located in the village of Albion, on a lot of eighteen acres, on a portion of which a native grove of oaks still remains. The buildings are of brick, and being on an elevated position, command a fine view of the village and surrounding country. The three principal college buildings are known as the south, center and north buildings, in size respectively 46×80, 40×100 and 47 × 80, and all three stories high, with a total cash value of about $70,000. The chapel, located in the south building, has seating for 800 persons.

FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE.

George B. Jocelyn, D. D., President, and Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy.* James H. Hopkins, D. D., Vice-President, and Professor of Latin and Literature.

William M. Osband, Natural Science.

Lucy A. Osband, A. M., Preceptress, and Professor of Modern Languages.

Rollin C. Welch, A. M., Greek, Hebrew and Literature.

William Hanemann, Vocal and Instrumental Music.

George B. Merriman, A. M., Mathematics.

Lewis F. Stearns, A. M., History and Belles Lettres.

H. A. Mills, Painting, Drawing and Perspective.

P. Della Pierce, Latin.

Bertha F. Aldrich, English.

Charles H. Chase and George L. Bailey, Mathematics.

On Sunday morning all students are required to attend public worship at such church as they or their parents or guardians may select. There are three literary societies, one composed of gentlemen, one of ladies, and one a union of both these societies. There is a missionary society, a musical society called the "Arions," and a debating society called the "Senate; " also a choral society for social musical culture. The Alumnal Association was organized June 26, 1866. Sixty-six names appear on the list of graduates from 1864 to 1874. The library has 2,000 volumes. There is also an art department, reading-room, cabinet with casings for 5,000 specimens, working chemical laboratory, refracting telescope, etc. In 1874-5, 68 ladies and 84 gentlemen were connected with the preparatory classes alone. Since 1864 the College has had an average of 230 students annually, and has graduated 66; expended over $75,000 in teaching and $15,000 for repairs and improvements; secured an endowment of nearly $200,000, $165,000 of which is already producing an income of $17,000. Its debt is only

*Died January 17, 1877.