when at any subsequent time the mirror was placed upon the floor. From the first time that he saw me, this monkey took as violently passionate an attachment to me as that which he took to my mother. His mode of greeting, however, was different. When she entered the room after an absence, his welcome was of a quiet and contented character; but when I came in, his demonstrations were positively painful to witness. Standing erect on his hind legs at the full length of his tether, and extending both hands as far as he could reach, he screamed with all his strength, in a tone and with an intensity which he never adopted on any other occasion. So loud, indeed, were his rapidly and continuously reiterated screams, that it was impossible for any one to hold even a shouting conversation till I took the animal in my arms, when he became placid, with many signs of intense affection. Even the sound of my voice down two flights of stairs used to set him screaming in this manner, so that whenever I called at my mother's house I had to keep silent while on the staircase, unless I intended first of all to pay a visit to the monkey. It has frequently been noticed that monkeys are very capricious in forming their attachments and aversions; but I never knew before that this peculiarity could be so strongly marked as it was in this case. His demonstrations of affection to my mother and myself were piteous; while towards every one else, male or female, he was either passively indifferent or actively hostile. Yet no shadow of a reason could be assigned for the difference. My sister, to whom animals are usually much more attached than they are to me, used always to be forbearingly kind to this one-taking all his bites, &c., with the utmost good humour. Moreover, she supplied him with all his food, and most of his playthings, so that she was really in every way his best friend. Yet his antipathy to her was only less remarkable than his passionate fondness of my mother and myself. Another trait in the psychology of this animal which is worth observing was his quietness of manner towards my mother. With me, and indeed with every one else, his movements were unrestrained, and generally monkey-like; but with her he was always as gentle as a kitten: he appeared to know that her age and infirmities rendered boisterousness on his part unacceptable. I returned the monkey to the Zoological Gardens at the end of February, and up to the time of his death in October 1881, he remembered me as well as the first day that he was sent back. I visited the monkey-house about once a month, and whenever I approached his cage he saw me with astonishing quickness-indeed, generally before I saw him—and ran to the bars, through which he thrust both hands with every expression of joy. He did not, however, scream aloud; his mind seemed too much occupied by the cares of monkey-society to admit of a vacancy large enough for such very intense emotion as he used to experience in the calmer life that he lived before. Being much struck with the extreme rapidity of his discernment whenever I approached the cage, however many other persons might be standing round, I purposely visited the monkey-house on Easter Monday, in order to see whether he would pick me out of the solid mass of people who fill the place on that day. Although I could only obtain a place three or four rows back from the cage, and although I made no sound wherewith to attract his attention, he saw me almost immediately, and with a sudden intelligent look of recognition ran across the cage to greet me. When I went away he followed me, as he always did, to the extreme end of his cage, and stood there watching my departure as long as I remained in sight. In conclusion, I should say that much the most striking feature in the psychology of this animal, and the one which is least like anything met with in other animals, was the tireless spirit of investigation. The hours and hours of patient industry which this poor monkey has spent in ascertaining all that his monkey-intelligence could of the sundry unfamiliar objects that fell into his hands, might well read a lesson in carefulness to many a hasty observer. And the keen satisfaction which he displayed when he had succeeded in making any little discovery, such as that of the mechanical principle of the screw, repeating the results of his newly earned knowledge over and over again, till one could not but marvel at the intent abstraction of the 'dumb brute '-this was so different from anything to be met with in any other animal, that I confess I should not have believed what I saw unless I had repeatedly seen it with my own eyes. As my sister once observed, while we were watching him conducting some of his researches, in oblivion to his food and all his other surroundings-when a monkey behaves like this, it is no wonder that man is a scientific animal!' And in my next work I shall hope to show how, from so high a starting-point, the psychology of the monkey has passed into that of the man. ACC INDEX. ACCOUCHEUR, fish, 246; toad, 254 Acerina cernua, 246 Actinophrys, apparent intelligence Adaptive movement, as evidence of Addison, his definition of instinct, Addison, Mrs. K., on gesticulating signs made by a jackdaw, 316 Esthetic emotions of birds, 279- Affection,sexual, parental, and social, of snails, 27; of ants, 45-9 and Alison, Professor, on curious instinct ANT Allen, J. A., on breeding habits of Amaba, apparent intelligence of, 21 Anger, of ants and bees, see under; Angler-fish, 247, 248 Annelida, apparent intelligence of, 24 Antennæ, effects of removal in ants, Antithesis, principle of, in expression Ants, powers of special sense, 31-37, APE tary, 114-122; general intelli- Arachnidæ, 204 225, see Spiders and Arago, his observation regarding Arn, Capt., on sword- and thresher- Articulata, see under divisions of Association of ideas, see under vari- Atenchus pilularius, 226 Athealium, apparent intelligence of, Atkinson, the Rev. J. C., on reason- Auk, nidification of, 292 BEC Baer, Van, on organisation of bee, Bailey, Professor W. W., on dog stop- Ball, Dr. Robert, on commensalism Bannister, Dr., on cat trying to Barrett, W. F., on instincts of young Barton, Dr., on alleged fascination Bastian, on termites, 198 Bates, on ants' habit of keeping Baya-bird, nidification of, 294 Beattie, Dr., on dog communicating Beaver, 367-85; breeding habits, 385 Bechstein, on birds dreaming, 312 |