UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics, Ediția 93

acoustic advanced tongue root affricate Akan allophone alveolar amplitude analysis approximant articulatory Athabaskan languages audio back vowels Banawá bilabial cavity consonants constriction contrast correlation damping Dauenhauer Degema difference duration ejective fricatives ejective stops endangered languages Everett F₁ F2 values feature female speakers formant formant frequencies formant values frication front vowels glottal stop Hupa Ian Maddieson labialized velar Ladefoged and Maddieson laryngeal Linguistics Maddieson 1996 male speakers mean measured mid vowels nasalized vowels noise occur onset Paici Peter Ladefoged pharyngealized uvular phonetic structures phonological place of articulation plosive position pre-glottalized pressure pulmonic recordings release resonance second formant segments Sele shown in Figure sonorants sound speaker M1 Spectrogram illustrating Spectrograms spoken stressed syllables stressed vowels t-test three formants Tlingit tokens tone tongue root trill Tsez UCLA unaspirated velar fricative vocal tract voice voiceless vowel harmony vowel pairs vowel qualities vowel system Wari