"Cryogenic liquids” 7

Demulsifiers 723

Dry fertilizer, in bulk 598

Explosives as "general commodities"

unless restriction imposed 583
Foods, frozen and nonfrozen 116
"Foodstuffs raw and manufactured" 68
Frozen and nonfrozen foods 116
"General commodities" is generic and
unless limited or restricted it includes
and encompasses explosives 583
Household goods 256

Iron and steel products 132
Lift trucks 132

"Liquefied petroleum gases" 16
"Liquid chemicals" 17

Liquid fertilizer, in bulk 598
"Liquid hydrogen" 8, 15

"Articles of unusual value” restriction
usually imposed on general-commodi-
ties common carrier 554

Common carriers, historical reasons
for imposing, discussed 557
"Except specified commodities" 251
"Except such commodities in bulk, in
tank vehicles" 382

Machinery, equipment, materials and
supplies used in, or in connection
with the construction, operation, re-
pair, servicing, maintenance and dis-
mantling of pipelines 109

New furniture, uncrated, and furniture
parts 795

COMMODITY

RESTRICTIONS IN PER-
MITS See also CONDITIONS TO PER-
MITS; RESTRICTIONS IN PERMITS
Except specified commodities in bulk
290

COMMON CARRIERS See also CARRIERS
Applications See APPLICATION PRO-
CEEDINGS

Backhauls See BACKHAULS

Certificates, applications for by holder
of permit See DUAL OPERATING
RIGHTS, APPLICATIONS FOR
Certificates PC&N See CERTIFICATES
PC&N

Characteristics See COMMON CAR-

RIERS, CHARACTERISTICS & DU-
TIES; CONTRACT CARRIERS, CHAR-
ACTERISTICS & DUTIES
Commission's policies See COMMIS-
SION'S POLICIES, Operating rights...
Competition See COMPETITION
Continuous and adequate service See

CONTINUOUS & ADEQUATE SERVICE
Contracts See CONTRACTS OF CAR-
RIERS

Control See CONTROL

Dual operating rights See DUAL OP-
ERATING RIGHTS

Dual operations See DUAL OPERA-
tions

Duties See CARRIERS' DUTIES; COM-
MON CARRIERS, CHARACTERISTICS

& DUTIES

Passengers, of See PASSENGER CAR-
RIERS

Permits, application for by holder of
certificate See DUAL OPERATING
RIGHTS, APPLICATIONS FOR
Private carriage, restrictions against
See COMMINGLING RESTRICTIONS

IN CERTIFICATES PC&N

Protestants, as See COMPETITIVE
SITUATION; PROTESTANTS
Regular-route See REGULAR-ROUTE
CARRIERS

Return hauls by See RETURN HAULS
Rights See CARRIERS' RIGHTS
Routes See ROUTES & ROUTING
Shippers' right to See SHIPPERS'
RIGHTS

Status See AMENDMENT OF AUTHORI-
TIES; COMMON CARRIERS, CHAR-
ACTERISTICS & DUTIES; STATUS
Stockholders See STOCKHOLDERS
Unauthorized operations See UNAU-
THORIZED OPERATIONS
Violations See VIOLATIONS

Wreckers, normal transportation of
wrecked or disabled vehicles rather
than emergency service, activities
as 610

COMMON CARRIERS, CHARACTERIS-
TICS & DUTIES See also CONTRACT
CARRIERS, CHARACTERISTICS & DU-
TIES

Commodity, need to be guarded or trans-
ported in special vehicles, as test 489
Contaminating commodities, right to
refuse 698

Dedication of equipment exclusively to

certain shippers but service held out
to all, effect 438

Injurious commodities, right to refuse
698

Number of shippers actually served as
test 517

Number of shippers, as test 488
Specialized services if held out to all
439

"Truckloads only" restrictions, as in-
consistent with 275

COMMON CONTROL, MANAGEMENT OR
ARRANGEMENT See also CONTROL
Employees of carriers, effect on 492

COMMON USEAGE TEST
Applied 16

"Intended use test", modified for inter-
preting commodity authority of
"chemical" carriers 15

COMPETING APPLICANTS

Commission's duties where several See
COMMISSION'S DUTIES
Commission's policies where several
See COMMISSION'S POLICIES
Factors, additional, to consider in
choosing applicants from many with
similar qualifications to provide in
depth service needed in Nation's de-
fense, discussed in dissent 21
Factors considered in determining se-
lected applicants from many with sim-
ilar qualifications 18

COMPETITIVE SITUATION

Admissions, effect See ADMISSIONS
Advantages from new grant to shippers
as outweighing possible disadvantages
to protestant 298

Alternate routes, special requirements
See NEW SERVICE LIMITATION IN
ALTERNATE ROUTES; SUBSTAN-
TIAL TRAFFIC REQUIREMENT IN

ALTERNATE ROUTES

Broker applications, competition as con-
sideration 407

Burden of proof See BURDEN OF
PROOF

Carriers' duties See CARRIERS' DU-
TIES

Carriers' rights See CARRIERS'
RIGHTS

Commission's duties See COMMIS-
SION'S DUTIES

Commission's policies See COMMIS-
SION'S POLICIES

Competing applicants, authorities held,
considered 17

Competitive disadvantage of shipper 136

CONTINUOUS SERVICE, BASIS IN-
TERIM RIGHTS

Foreign countries within, Commission's
policy See COMMISSION'S POLICIES
Gateways, elimination, special require-
ments See SUBSTANTIAL TRAFFIC
REQUIREMENTS IN ELIMINATION
OF GATEWAYS

Protestants See PROTESTANTS
Protests, absence or withdrawal of See
PRESUMPTIONS

Public need once established, effect 583
Section 209(b) criteria, considered 591
Several applicants, authorities held,
considered 17

Shippers' rights See SHIPPERS' RIGHTS
Temporary authority, operations under,
effect 18, 21

Traffic volume justifying only several of
a number of carrier-applicants 356
Volume of traffic justifying grant to only
one of several applicants 559

COMPETITIVE SITUATION, Certificates-
Continued

Existing rail carriers

Expeditious and flexible service,
cannot provide 776

Off-rail service, cannot provide 776
Certificates based on interim rights
TA 1958

Shippers' consistent use of carrier-
applicants' service during interim
period coupled with its reliance
thereon, effect 646
Certificates, extensions
Alternate ports

Existing rail and motor carriers
Materially affected 512
Not materially affected 512
Substantially shorter than existing
routes, as disturbing 512
Volume of traffic substantial
enough to compete with

Alternate routes

512

Extensive single-line service,
cannot provide 714

Failure to test existing carriers

services, effect 689, 753
Lacks necessary authority 377,
381, 400, 726

Lacks proper facilities to clean
equipment 401

Market expansion, effect 250
Materially affected 690
Needed service, can supply 69
No material deficiencies demon-
strated 600

No service shown to be available
424

No showing of ability or willing-
ness to provide service 661
Not materially affected 115, 377,
789

Not willing to provide service 329
Perishable products, not providing
quality service for 304

Right to provide service 690
Services adequate 756

Single-line service, cannot provide
726

Traffic not essential to operations
689
Traffic

volume warrants new

grants 250

Volume of traffic justifying grant

to only one of several carrier-
applicants 400

Existing motor common carriers
Authorities held territorially frag-
mented 17

Flexible call-on-demand service

cannot provide 17
Suitable equipment, do not operate
18

Volume of traffic justifying grant

to only some of many carrier-
applicants 18

Willing and able to provide service
278

Existing rail carriers

Diversion of traffic only to extent
that applicant-proposed service
is more responsive to needs of
shipper and its customers 250

Volume of traffic justifying only
some of a number of carrier-
applicants, criteria for deter-
mining 356

Existing motor common carriers
Complete service, cannot provide

for all portions of marketing
area 480

Lack comprehensive authority 480
Materially affected 481
Existing motor common carriers of
passengers

Available service inadequate 730
Existing passenger carrier

Not materially affected 769
Existing rail and motor carriers
Ample service, can provide 49
Circuitous routes 713

Diversion of traffic from, mini-
mal 714

Reasonably adequate service, do
not provide 713

Service satisfactory 49

Service undependable 706
Service without complaint 49
Single-line service, cannot provide
extensive 714

Regular-route service

Existing motor and rail carriers
Not materially affected 464
Substituted motor-for-rail service
Existing motor carriers

Materially affected 60

Territories

Existing motor carrier

Authority too limited 132
Existing rail carriers

Perishable commodities, expedi-
tious service for, cannot provide
652

Control, applications to acquire
Service not duplicative 491

Service will produce revenue 491
Licenses

Existing motor carrier

Not equipped to provide type of serv-
ice required 409

Not materially affected 409

Operations limited territorially 409