The harp, his sole remaining joy,
Was carried by an orphan boy;
The last of all the bards was he,
Who sung of Border chivalry."

From "Lay of the Last Minstrel "-Scott.

PRINCIPLE III

With basic position same as in Principle I, but feet more separated in the lengths, and with line of gravity in heel of backward foot, with torso somewhat relaxed in shoulders, the indication is that of meditation, abstraction, or concentrated thought.

Exercises

1. "If it were done, when 'tis done, then 't were well
It were done quickly: if the assassination
Could trammel up the consequence, and catch
With his surcease success; that but this blow
Might be the be-all and the end-all here,
But here upon this bank and shoal of time,
We'd jump the life to come."

From "Macbeth's Soliloquy"-Shakespeare.

2. "It must be so! Plato, thou reason'st well:
Else, whence this pleasing hope, this fond desire,
This longing after immortality;

Or, whence this secret dread, and inward horror,
Of falling into nought?"

From "Cato's Soliloquy "-Addison.

3. "Farewell, a long farewell, to all my greatness!
This is the state of man; to-day he puts forth
The tender leaves of hopes; to-morrow blossoms,
And bears his blushing honors thick upon him;
The third day comes a frost, a killing frost,
And, when he thinks, good easy man, full surely
His greatness is a-ripening,-nips his root,
And then he falls as I do."

From "Wolsey's Soliloquy "-Shakespeare.

PRINCIPLE IV

With basic position same as in Principle II, but feet more separated in the lengths, unsupporting foot on toe, its heel turned inward toward heel of sustaining foot, thus giving greater length to the limb, chest strongly raised, the indication is that of active interest, desire, earnestness, eagerness, courage, boldness, enthusiasm, or vehemence.

Exercises

1. "The war is inevitable; and let it come! I repeat it, sir, let it come! It is in vain, sir, to extenuate the matter. Gentlemen may cry 'Peace! Peace!' but there is no peace! The war is actually begun! The next gale that sweeps from the north will bring to our ears the clash of resounding arms !"- From From "On British Government in America"-Patrick Henry.

2. "Hurrah for Merrie England now! Hurrah for France,

the grand!

As we charge the foe together, all abreast, and hand to

hand.

Hurrah, the mighty host doth melt before our fervent

heat,

And against our side the ebbing flood does faint and fainter beat."

From "The Battle of Inkerman "-Massey.

3. "The blood of our fathers calls to us from the soil which we tread; it beats in our veins; it cries to us not merely in the thrilling words of one of the first victims in this cause, My sons, scorn to be slaves!'-but it cries with a still more moving eloquence-'My sons, forget not your Fathers!"-On "National Character"-Everett.

PRINCIPLE V

With feet considerably separated, backward limb supporting, knees relaxed, and torso retracted, with shoulders.

drawn forward and chest correspondingly inward, the indication is that of fear, dread, anguish, or terror.

Exercises

1. "Angels and ministers of grace defend us !"—From "Hamlet"-Shakespeare.

2. "Whence is that knocking ?"-"Macbeth"-Shakespeare.

3. "No more! No more! I don't wish to see it. Show me no more!"-From "Christmas Carol"-Dickens.

PRINCIPLE VI

With feet considerably separated, weight on backward limb, but both limbs rigid, torso raised and tense, the indication is that of independence, resistance, defiance, scorn, contempt, or derision.

Exercises

1. "I've scared ye in the city; I've scalped ye on the plain;

Go, count your chosen where they fell beneath my leaden rain!

I scorn your proffered treaty! the paleface I defy! Revenge is stamped upon my spear, and 'blood' my battle-cry!"

From "The Seminole's Defiance"-G. W. Patten.

2. "But here I stand and scoff you;

Here I fling hatred and full defiance in your
Your Consul's merciful-for this all thanks.
He dares not touch a hair of Catiline!"

face!

From "The Tragedy of Catiline "-Croly.

3. "You say you are a better soldier:

Let it appear so; make your vaunting true,

And it shall please me well. For mine own part,
I shall be glad to learn of noble men."

From "Julius Cæsar "-Shakespeare.

PRINCIPLE VII

With heels closed, toes outward at the usual angle, both limbs supporting torso easily erect, the indication is that of respect, obedience, or deference.

Exercises

1. "General, I await your orders."-Anon.

2. "Gentlemen, my master Antonio is at his house and desires to speak with you both."-From "Merchant of Venice"-Shakespeare.

3. "Most potent, grave, and reverend signiors,
My very noble and approv'd good masters-
That I have ta'en away this old man's daughter,
It is most true; true, I have married her:
The very head and front of my offending
Hath this extent, no more."

From "Othello's Apology "-Shakespeare.

PRINCIPLE VIII

With feet somewhat separated, and nearly parallel, both limbs supporting, the indication is that of weakness, infancy, decrepitude, or old age.

Exercises

1. "I'm Feddie an' I'm most free years ole, an' I can walk nearly as good as gan'pa."

2. "Pardon me, gentlemen, but I have come here in great feebleness of body to plead my case before you." 3. "Pity the sorrows of a poor old man,

Whose trembling limbs have borne him to your door."

PRINCIPLE IX

With feet close together, and parallel, knees relaxed, chest and elbows inward, the indication is that of timidity or want of self-assertion.

Exercises

1. "Good gracious me! What a complication of misery! How-de-do? I-I-I'm afraid you must have got very wet."-Toots in "Dombey and Son -Dickens.

2. "I am, sir, sensible-I am, indeed, that, thoughI should-want-words-I must proceed; and, for the first time in my life, I think—I think-that—no great orator should shrink; and, therefore, Mr. Speaker, I for one-will speak out freely. Sir,-I've not yet done. Sir, in the name of those enlightened men who sent me here to speak for them-why then, to do my duty—as I said before-to my constituency-I'll say no more."From "An Orator's First Speech in Parliament "—Alexander Bell.

PRINCIPLE X

With feet somewhat separated, toes pointing forward or turned slightly inward, and torso distorted, the indication is that of boorishness or rusticity.

Exercises

1. "Wall, I'll let yee hev the hoss an' kerridge fer twenty-five cents an hour, an' thet's about as cheap as you'll git it any whor in these diggins."

2. "Truly shepherd in respect of itself it is a good life; but in respect that it is a shepherd's life, it is naught. In respect that it is solitary, I like it very well; but in respect that it is private, it is a very vile life.”—The Clown, from "As You Like It"-Shakespeare.

PRINCIPLE XI

With base broad, heels parallel, both limbs supporting, torso well drawn upward, the indication is that of familiarity, bravado, or astonishment.