[65.] ARDEA ALBA.

Lake Jipé.

[66.] ARDEA BUBULCUS.

Lake Jipé and most rivers. This bird often follows the cattle of

natives to pick off the ticks that infest them.

[67.] SCOPUS UMBRETTA. Lake Jipé and R. Lumi.

Very common.

[68.] XENORHYNCUS SENEGALENSIS. Lake Jipé.

[69.] LEPTOPTILUS CRUMENIFERUS.

Very common in plains. Follows the Masai armies in their raids, and frequents Masai settlements. Rarely seen away from the society

of man.

70. IBIS HAGEDASH (Lath.).

Ibis hagedasch, Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. (Madaraz), 1884, p. 386. Q, 3000 feet.

Irides scarlet.

Shot in a marsh near Taveita out of a small flock of ten or twelve.

[71.] SERPENTARIUS SECRETARIUS.

The "Secretary Bird." Very common in the plains.

72. POLYBOROIDES TYPICUS, Smith.

Polyboroides typicus, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 48.

Q, 5000 feet.

Only met with in the neighbourhood of villages. Their feathers and those of the kite are much prized by the natives for the ornamentation of their capes.

[73.] NEOPHRON PERCNOPTERUS.

The Egyptian vulture. Common up to an alt. of 5000 feet. 74. NEOPHRON MONACHUS (Temm.).

Neophron monachus, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 19.

Neophron pileatus, Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. (Madaraz), 1884, p. 376. 3, 5000 feet.

Not observed higher up the mountain, as it frequents the more thickly inhabited parts; often in flocks associated with the ground hornbills and the white-necked ravens.

[75.] VULTUR CINEREUS ?

Plains round Kilima-njaro.

[76.] GYPS RÜPPELLII.

[77.] OTOGYPS?

Plains round Kilima-njaro.

[78.] SPIZAETUS, sp.

Found on Kilima-njaro up to 8000 feet alt.

[79.] HALLETUS VOCIFER.

Lake Jipé and Ruvu R.

[80.] HELIOTARSUS ECAUDATUS.

Plains round Kilima-njaro.

81. Buteo augur, Rüpp.

Buteo augur, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 175; Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. (Madaraz), 1884, p. 374.

, 4000 feet; &, 5000 feet; &, 8000 feet.

82. BUTEO DESERTORUM (Daud).

Buteo desertorum, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 179; Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. (Madaraz), 1884, p. 374.

8, 5000 feet.

83. ASTURINULA MONOGRAMMICA (Temm.).

Asturinula monogrammica, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 275; Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. (Madaraz), 1884, p. 374.

¿, 5000 feet.

84. STRUTHIO DANAOIDES, Shelley.

The ostrich of E. Equatorial Africa. Eggs brought back; collected in vicinity of Taveita. Young ostriches kept in captivity by me in that place.

This ostrich, I am informed by the natives, lives a good deal on insects and small reptiles, as well as on leaves and herbage. The young ostriches I kept at Taveita ate raw meat in preference to anything else, though they would also swallow leaves and chopped

grass.

LIST OF MAMMALS OBTAINED AND OBSERVED ON MOUNT KILIMA-NJARO AND ITS VICINITY. By OLDFIELD THOMAS, F.Z.S. With a few additional notes by the Author.

The species which have their numbers bracketed were those of which skins or horns were not brought home, and which were either identified by the Author in their particular habitat, or approximately named by Mr. Oldfield Thomas from the Author's drawings. It is needless to say these drawings, wherever made, were carefully executed from specimens living or dead, and their fidelity may be relied on.

[1.] CYNOCEPHALUS HAMADRYAS.

Country of Taita and vicinity of River Lumi.

[2.] CYNOCEPHALUS SPHINX.

Kilima-njaro up to 6000 feet, especially in vicinity of native villages. Also in adjacent plains and along the River Lumi. Especially abundant near Taveita.

[3.] CYNOCEPHALUS BABOUIN.

On Kilima-njaro up to 5000 feet, and in and near Taveita.

[4.] CERCOPITHECUS ALBICULARIS.

In and near Taveita.

[5.] CERCOPITHECUS LALANDII.

In and near Taveita and along River Lumi.

[6.] CERCOPITHECUS GRISEO-VIRIDIS.

On Kilima-njaro up to 7000 or 8000 feet, and everywhere near water in the plains below. Naturally the commonest monkey to be

seen.

7. CERCOPITHECUS PYGERYTHRUS, Geoffr.

a, b. Moši, on the south side of the mountain, 5000 feet, June to August.

Very common in the cultivated gardens round the village, and in the forests lower down at Taveita. These monkeys are exceedingly familiar and mischievous, coming into the gardens to steal fruit, &c., and are entirely without any fear of man.

8. COLOBUS GUEREZA, Rüpp., var. caudatus, var. nov.

a. Useri, N.E. flank of mountain, 3000 feet, end of October. Very common all round the base of Kilima-njaro.

The specimen brought, like two or three beautiful skins obtained by Mr. Thomson in the same neighbourhood, belongs to a peculiar race or variety apparently restricted to this region, and characterized by having the white brush of the tail very much larger and finer than is the case in the true Abyssinian C. guereza. In the latter animal the proximal 12 to 16 inches of the tail is short-haired and quite black, only the terminal 8 to 12 inches being white and tufted, and the white mantle hanging down from the body hides only about one-third of the black part of the tail. In the Kilima-njaro race, however, only some 3 or 4 inches of the base of the tail are black, and the remainder (with the hairs about 20 or 21 inches) is developed into a magnificent white brush, of which individual hairs are from 7 to 9 inches in length. The hairs of the white body-mantle, moreover, entirely cover the black at the base of the tail, the white of the latter and of the mantle being quite continuous.

In addition to this race, however, the true Guereza is also found in the neighbourhood of Kilima-njaro, as the mantle of the lowland Masai warrior, of whom a drawing is given in Chapter XIX., is made of the skin of this animal, but this is, of course, a rather vague indication of the original locality of the specimen. Mr. Johnston tells me that the natives clearly distinguish the two races, and that the white-tailed form is, at least in the Kilima-njaro district, a more strictly mountain animal

than the other.

[10.] CYNONYCTERIS COLLARIS.

Taveita forests.

11. VESPERUGO NANUS, Peters.

Moši, 5000 feet, September 12. Found hanging to a tree in daytime.

[12.] FELIS LEO, L.

The lion is abundant in the neighbourhood, but never ascends higher than about 3000 feet.

13. FELIS PARDus, L.

a. Near foot of mountain, 3000 feet.

The leopard is very common up to about 7500 feet.

[14.] FELIS SERVAL.

Skin obtained in Taita. Common in country at base of Kilimanjaro. [15.] FELIS CAFfra.

Kilima-njaro up to 5000 or 6000 feet, and forest of Taveita. [16.] FELIS CARACAL.

A skin seen near Useri, in possession of natives. According to their report common in the plains.

[17.] CYNELURUS VENATOR.

The cheetah appears to be very frequently met with to the north and north-east of Kilima-njaro. The Masai and Endurobo often

bring skins for sale. One was purchased at Useri, but subsequently lost.

[18.] VIVERRA Civetta.

Very common near base of mountain.

19. GENETTA TIGRINA, Schr.

a. Moši, 5000 feet, October.

b. Taveita, 2300 feet, August.

Very common; occurs up to 7000 feet. A female specimen, caught by Mr. Johnston, gave birth to three young at about the end of October.

20. HERPESTES CAFFER, Gm. (?).

a. Moši, 5000 feet, August.

Is not properly a mountain animal, but occurs round the village for the sake of the fowls and other prey which it can manage to steal there.

Without the skull it is impossible to determine with certainty whether this is H. ichneumon, L., or H. cafjer, Gm.; but the skin has, on the whole, rather more the appearance of H. caffer, and it is, therefore, provisionally referred to the southern form.

[21.] HYENA CRocuta.

Very abundant in vicinity of Kilima-njaro, but scarcely ascends higher than 3000 feet.