ARTICLE 2 The Contracting Parties will consult on international matters of mutual interest and, taking into account international requirements and conditions, cooperate between them to the maximum extent. ARTICLE 3 The Contracting Parties will develop the cooperation, already established between them in the cultural field under a separate Agreement, in the economic and technical fields also by concluding, if necessary, other agreements. ARTICLE 4 The consultation and cooperation between the Contracting Parties in the field of defence shall cover the following points: a. exchange of information for the purpose of deriving benefit jointly from technical experience and progress, b. endeavours to meet, as far as possible, the requirements Parties in the production of arms and ammunition, of the c. studies and determination of the ways and extent of cooperation which might be effected between them in accordance with Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, should an unprovoked attack occur against them from outside. ARTICLE 5 Each Contracting Party declares that none of the international engagements now in force between it and any third State is in conflict with the provisions of this Agreement and that this Agreement shall not affect, nor can it be interpreted so as to affect, the aforesaid engagements, and undertakes not to enter into any international engagement in conflict with this Agreement. ARTICLE 6 Any State, whose participation is considered by the Contracting Parties useful for achieving the purposes of the present Agreement, may accede to the present Agreement under the same conditions and with the same obligations as the Contracting Parties. Any accession shall have legal effect, after the instrument of acces sion is duly deposited with the Government of Turkey from the date of an official notification by the Government of Turkey to the Government of Pakistan. ARTICLE 7 This Agreement, of which the English text is authentic, shall be ratified by the Contracting Parties in accordance with their respective constitutional processes, and shall enter into force on the date of the exchange of the instruments of ratification in Ankara. In case no formal notice of denunciation is given by one of the Contracting Parties to the other, one year before the termination of a period of five years from the date of its entry into force, the present Agreement shall automatically continue in force for a further period of five years, and the same procedure will apply for subsequent periods thereafter. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the above mentioned Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Agreement. DONE in two copies at Karachi the second day of April one thousand nine hundred and fifty four. Exchange of Letters Between the Government of Pakistan and the Government of the Republic of Turkey Regarding the Amendment of Paragraph (B) of Article 4 of the Friendly Cooperation Agreement Between Pakistan and Turkey. (1) No. III/5(8)54 YOUR EXCELLENCY, EMBASSY OF PAKISTAN, As Your Excellency will recall that in the course of conversations which took place at Ankara during the official visit to Turkey of our Prime Minister, the Hon'ble Mr. Mohammed Ali, it was decided between the statesmen of our two countries to extend the scope of paragraph (b) of Article 4 of the Friendly Cooperation Agreement between Turkey and Pakistan, signed at Karachi on April 2, 1954, so as to include within the meaning of cooperation envisaged by the said paragraph the case of "supply" of Arms and Ammunition as well as their production. I have the honour to confirm to Your Excellency the agreement of my Government as to that decision and wish to add that, if the Government of the Republic of Turkey is willing to express similar agreement, my Government proposes that this letter and Your Excellency's reply informing me of your Government's confirmation should constitute an integral part of the Friendly Cooperation Agreement for the purpose of giving the above mentioned sense to the paragraph in question. Please accept, Your Excellency, the assurances of my best consideration. His Excellency Sd. REYAZUL HASAN Prof. FUAD KÖPRÜLÜ, I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter dated August 19th, 1954, No. III/5(s) 54 which reads as follows: "As Your Excellency will recall that in the course of conversations which took place at Ankara during the official visit to Turkey of our Prime Minister, the Honourable Mr. Mohammed Ali, it was decided between the statesmen of our two countries to extend the scope of paragraph (b) of Article 4 of the Friendly Cooperation Agreement between Turkey and Pakistan, signed at Karachi on April 2, 1954, so as to include within the meaning of cooperation envisaged by the said paragraph the case of 'supply' of Arms and Ammunition as well as their production. "I have the honour to confirm to Your Excellency the agreement of my Government as to that decision and wish to add that, if the Government of the Republic of Turkey is willing to express similar agreement, my Government proposes that this letter and Your Excellency's reply informing me of your Government's confirmation should constitute an integral part of the Friendly Cooperation Agreement for the purpose of giving the abovementioned sense to the paragraph in question. "Please accept, Your Excellency, the assurances of my best consideration." I have the honour to confirm that the Turkish Government concurs with the above-mentioned letter. Please accept, Mr. Charge d'Affaires, the assurances of my best consideration. Sd. FUAD KÖPRÜLÜ Minister of Foreign Affairs. 4. PACT OF MUTUAL COOPERATION BETWEEN THE KINGDOM OF IRAQ, THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY, THE UNITED KINGDOM, THE DOMINION OF PAKISTAN, AND THE KINGDOM OF IRAN (BAGHDAD PACT), FEBRUARY 24, 19551 Whereas the friendly and brotherly relations existing between Iraq and Turkey are in constant progress, and in order to complement the contents of the Treaty of Friendship and Good Neighbourhood concluded between His Majesty the King of Iraq and his Excellency the President of the Turkish Republic signed in Ankara on March 29, 1946, which recognised the fact that peace and security between the two countries is an integral part of the peace and security of all the nations of the world and in particular the nations of the Middle East, and that it is the basis for their foreign policies; Whereas article 11 of the Treaty of Joint Defence and Economic Co-operation between the Arab League States provides that no provision of that treaty shall in any way affect, or is designed to affect, any of the rights and obligations accruing to the Contracting Parties from the United Nations Charter; And having realised the great responsibilities borne by them in their capacity as members of the United Nations concerned with the maintenance of peace and security in the Middle East region which necessitate taking the required measures in accordance with article 51 of the United Nations Charter; They have been fully convinced of the necessity of concluding a pact fulfilling these aims, and for that purpose have appointed as their plenipotentiaries . . . who having communicated their full powers, found to be in good and due form, have agreed as follows: ARTICLE 1 Consistent with article 51 of the United Nations Charter the High Contracting Parties will co-operate for their security and defence. Such measures as they agree to take to give effect to this co-operation may form the subject of special agreements with each other. 1 British Misc. No. 5 (1955), Cmd. 9429. Signed by Iraq and Turkey at Baghdad, Feb. 24, 1955; ratifications exchanged, Apr. 15, 1955; adhered to by U.K. (Apr. 5, 1955), by Pakistan (Sept. 23, 1955); by Iran (Oct. 23, 1955). For statements on United States attitude toward the Baghdad Pact, see Department of State Bulletin, Mar. 1, 1954, pp. 327-328; Oct. 3, 1955, p. 534; Oct. 24, 1955, p. 653; Nov. 28, 1955, p. 895. On invitation, the United States sent observers (Ambassador Waldemar Gallman and Admiral John H. Cassady) to the first meeting of the Baghdad Pact Council, Baghdad, Nov. 21-22, 1955 (ibid., Dec. 5, 1955, p. 926, and Jan. 2, 1956, p. 16). For communiqué on the first meeting, see ibid., pp. 16-18. 2 United Nations Treaty Series, vol. XXXVII, pp. 226 ff. 3 Supra, doc. 2. ARTICLE 2 In order to ensure the realisation and effect application of the co-operation provided for in article 1 above, the competent authorities of the High Contracting Parties will determine the measures to be taken as soon as the present pact enters into force. These measures will become operative as soon as they have been approved by the Governments of the High Contracting Parties. ARTICLE 3 The High Contracting Parties undertake to refrain from any interference whatsoever in each other's internal affairs. They will settle any dispute between themselves in a peaceful way in accordance with the United Nations Charter. ARTICLE 4 The High Contracting Parties declare that the dispositions of the present pact are not in contradiction with any of the international obligations contracted by either of them with any third State or States. They do not derogate from and cannot be interpreted as derogating from, the said international obligations. The High Contracting Parties undertake not to enter into any international obligation incompatible with the present pact. ARTICLE 5 This pact shall be open for accession to any member of the Arab League or any other State actively concerned with the security and peace in this region and which is fully recognised by both of the High Contracting Parties. Accession shall come into force from the date of which the instrument of accession of the State concerned is deposited with the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Iraq. Any acceding State party to the present pact may conclude special agreements, in accordance with article 1, with one or more States parties to the present pact. The competent authority of any acceding State may determine measures in accordance with article 2. These measures will become operative as soon as they have been approved by the Governments of the parties concerned. ARTICLE 6 A Permanent Council at ministerial level will be set up to function within the framework of the purposes of this pact when at least four Powers become parties to the pact. The Council will draw up its own rules of procedure. |