Treaty. This Treaty is in accordance with the basic security interests of the United States and will steadfastly serve those interests regardless of the fluctuations in the international situation or our relations with any country. The obligations which the United States has assumed under the Treaty will be honored. The North Atlantic Treaty has a significance which transcends the mutual obligations assumed. It has engendered an active practical working relationship among the Atlantic nations. Through the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the United States and its allies are working to build the concrete strength needed to deter aggression and, if aggression occurs, to halt it without devastation or occupation of any NATO country. These nations are also seeking to make the Atlantic alliance an enduring association of free peoples, within which all members can concert their efforts toward peace, prosperity, and freedom. The European Defense Community will form an integral part of the Atlantic Community and, within this framework, will ensure intimate and durable cooperation between the United States forces and the forces of the European Defense Community on the continent of Europe. I am convinced that the coming into force of the European Defense Community Treaty will provide a realistic basis for consolidating western defense and will lead to an ever-developing community of nations in Europe. The United States is confident that, with these principles in mind, the Western European nations concerned will proceed promptly further to develop the European Community through ratification of the European Defense Community Treaty. When that Treaty comes into force the United States, acting in accordance with its rights and obligations under the North Atlantic Treaty, will conform its actions to the following policies and undertakings: (1) The United States will continue to maintain in Europe, including Germany, such units of its armed forces as may be necessary and appropriate to contribute its fair share of the forces needed for the joint defense of the North Atlantic area while a threat to that area exists, and will continue to deploy such forces in accordance with agreed North Atlantic strategy for the defense of this area. (2) The United States will consult with its fellow signatories to the North Atlantic Treaty and with the European Defense Community on questions of mutual concern, including the level of the respective armed forces of the European Defense Community, the United States and other North Atlantic Treaty countries to be placed at the disposal of the Supreme Commander in Europe. (3) The United States will encourage the closest possible integration between the European Defense Community forces on the one hand, and United States and other North Atlantic Treaty forces on the other, in accordance with approved plans with respect to their command, training, tactical support, and logistical organization developed by the military agencies and the Supreme Commanders of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. (4) The United States will continue, in conformity with my recommendations to the Congress, to seek means of extending to the Atlantic Community increased security by sharing in greater measure information with respect to the military utilization of new weapons and techniques for the improvement of the collective defense. (5) In consonance with its policy of full and continuing support for the maintenance of the integrity and unity of the European Defense Community, the United States will regard any action from whatever quarter which threatens that integrity or unity as a threat to the security of the United States. In such event, the United States will consult in accordance with the provisions of Article 4 of the North Atlantic Treaty. (6) In accordance with the basic interest of the United States in the North Atlantic Treaty, as expressed at the time of ratification, the Treaty was regarded as of indefinite duration rather than for any definite number of years. The United States calls attention to the fact that for it to cease to be a party to the North Atlantic Treaty would appear quite contrary to our security interests when there is established on the Continent of Europe the solid core of unity which the European Defense Community will provide. 30. FINAL COMMUNIQUE OF THE BRUSSELS CONFERENCE OF FOREIGN MINISTERS OF THE PROPOSED EUROPEAN DEFENSE COMMUNITY, AUGUST 22, 19541 Following is an unofficial translation of the communiqué issued at Brussels on August 22 following the conference held by the Foreign Ministers of Belgium, France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands. The representatives of the six governments signatory to the EDC treaty met at Brussels on August 19, 20, and 22, 1954. Despite a long discussion on the modifications which, according to the French Government, must be made in the EDC treaty, they have not reached an agreement. They have noted that the principal aims of their European policy remain unchanged: -To draw closer European cooperation in order to protect Western Europe against the forces which menace it; -To avoid any neutralization of Germany; -To contribute to the unification of Germany and to its participation in the common defense; -To foreshadow a political and economic formula of western integration. 1 Department of State Bulletin, Sept. 6, 1954, p. 332; see also the President's statement of Mar. 10, 1955, supra, doc. 7. The Ministers have decided to publish jointly: (A) The draft protocol applying to EDC presented by the French Government.1 (B) The draft declaration for interpreting and applying the EDC treaty, proposed by the foreign ministers of the Federal Republic of Germany, Belgium, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands, in reply to the French proposals.2 The European [Political] Community 31. DRAFT TREATY EMBODYING THE STATUTE, PREAMBLE WE, THE PEOPLES OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY, THE KINGDOM OF BELGIUM, THE FRENCH REPUBLIC, THE ITALIAN REPUBLIC, THE GRAND DUCHY OF LUXEMBOURG AND THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS, CONSIDERING that world peace may be safeguarded only by creative efforts equal to the dangers which menace it; CONVINCED that the contribution which a living, united free Europe can bring to civilization and to the preservation of our com1 Text printed in Documentation française, Series Articles et Documents, No. 097, Aug. 24, 1954. 2 Ibid. 3 Draft Treaty Embodying the Statute of the European Community: Information and Official Documents of the Constitutional Committee, October 1952-April_1953 (Paris, 1953), pp. 53-125, 141-143. As of Dec. 31, 1955, had not entered into force. Through the inspiration of the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe, in its Resolution No. 14 of May 30, 1952 (ibid., pp. 23-25), immediately following the signature of the Treaty of European Defense Community, and as a result of a resolution of Sept. 10, 1952 [ibid., pp. 26-29] by the six Ministers for Foreign Affairs of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) meeting at Luxembourg, the Common Assembly of the ECSC accepted the invitation contained in the resolution and formed itself (coopting additional members from the Assembly of the Council of Europe) into an ad hoc Assembly to draft a treaty setting up a European Political Community, on the basis of the principles contained in Article 38 of the Treaty of the European Defense Community (supra, p. 1119). A Constitutional Committee, various subcommittees, and a Working Party were formed, and various meetings were held from Sept. 15, 1952, until Feb. 25, 1953, resulting in a draft treaty which was submitted to the ad hoc Assembly. This meeting, held at Strasbourg, Mar. 6-10, 1953, adopted, with certain amendments, the draft treaty, which was then officially handed over to the six Ministers for Foreign Affairs of the ECSC. The Constitutional Committee and the Working Party continued to function after the session, for the purpose of facilitating consideration by the governments involved and also later examination of the draft treaty by the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe. [The preceding is a summary of the "Introduction," ibid., pp. 9-19.] mon spiritual heritage is indispensable to the maintenance of peaceful relations; DESIROUS of assisting through the expansion of our production in improving the standard of living and furthering the works of peace; DETERMINED to safeguard by our common action the dignity, freedom and fundamental equality of men of every condition, race or creed; RESOLVED to substitute for our historic rivalries a fusion of our essential interests by creating institutions capable of giving guidance to our future common destiny; DETERMINED to invite other European peoples, inspired with the same ideal, to join with us in our endeavour; HAVE DECIDED to create a European Community. Wherefore our respective Governments, through their Plenipotentiaries, meeting in the city of with powers found in good and due form, have adopted the present Treaty. PART I. THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY Article 1 The present Treaty sets up a EUROPEAN COMMUNITY of a supra-national character. The Community is founded upon a union of peoples and States, upon respect for their personality and upon equal rights and duties for all. It shall be indissoluble. Article 2 The Community has the following mission and general aims: -to contribute towards the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms in Member States; -to co-operate with the other free nations in ensuring the security of Member States against all aggression; to ensure the co-ordination of the foreign policy of Member States in questions likely to involve the existence, the security or the prosperity of the Community; to promote, in harmony with the general economy of Member States, the economic expansion, the development of employment and the improvement of the standard of living in Member States, by means, in particular, of the progressive establishment of a common market, transitional or other measures being taken to ensure that no fundamental and persistent disturbance is thereby caused to the economy of Member States; to contribute towards the endeavours of Member States to achieve the general objectives laid down in the Statute of the Council of Europe, the European Convention for Economic Co-operation,' 1 Supra, doc. 9. 2 Supra, doc. 8. and the North Atlantic Treaty,' in co-operation with the other States parties thereto. Article 3 The provisions of Part 1 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms signed in Rome on 4th November 1950,2 together with those of the protocol signed in Paris on 20th March 1952,3 are an integral part of the present Statute. Article 4 The Community shall have juridical personality. In international relationships the Community shall enjoy the juridical personality necessary to the exercise of its functions and the attainment of its ends. In each of the Member States the Community shall enjoy the most extensive juridical personality which is recognized for legal persons of the nationality of the country in question. Specifically, it may acquire, or transfer, immovable and movable assets and may sue and be sued in its own name. The Community shall possess, in the territories of the Member States, such immunities and privileges as are necessary to the fulfilment of its task, under conditions determined in the Protocol appended to the present Treaty.* Article 5 The Community, together with the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Defence Community, shall constitute a single legal entity, within which certain organs may retain such administrative and financial autonomy as is necessary to the accomplishment of the tasks assigned by the treaties instituting the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Defence Community." 5 Article 6 The Community shall exercise all such powers and competence as are conferred upon it by the present Statute or by subsequent enactment. The provisions defining the powers and competence conferred upon the Community by the present Treaty shall be restrictively interpreted. Article 7 The Community shall carry out its functions in close co-operation with the national civil services, through their respective governments, and with any international organization having objectives similar to its own. 1 Supra, pp. 812-815. 2 United Nations Yearbook on Human Rights, 1950, pp. 420–426. 3 Ibid., 1952, pp. 411-412. Not reprinted here. Supra, docs. 12-14. 6 Supra, doc. 16. |