tially cut that seriously affects the appearance of the pod.

(8) "Damaged by mechanical injury” means broken or damaged to such an extent that the appearance or eating quality of the unit is seriously affected.

(c) (A) classification. Canned beans that are practically free from defects may be given a score of 31 to 35 points. "Practically free from defects" means that:

(1) The limits for allowable defects or defective units in the applicable styles do not exceed the maximum limits for (A) classification in Table III of this subpart; and

(2) Notwithstanding the applicable allowances in Table III the defects or defective units (whether or not specifically defined), individually and collectively, do not materially affect the appearance or edibility of the product.

(d) (B) classification. If the canned beans are reasonably free from defects, a score of 28 to 30 points may be given. Canned beans that fall into this classification for reasons other than damage by mechanical injury shall not be graded above U.S. Grade B, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a partial limiting rule). "Reasonably free from defects" means that:

(1) The limits for allowable defects or defective units in the applicable styles do not exceed the maximum limits for

(B) classification in Table III of this subpart; and

(2) Notwithstanding the applicable allowances in Table II the defects or defective units (whether or not specifically defined), individually and collectively, do not seriously affect the appearance or edibility of the product.

(e) (C) classification. If the canned beans are fairly free from defects, a score of 25 to 27 points may be given. Canned beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade C, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly free from defects" means that the limits for allowable defects or defective units in the applicable styles do not exceed the maximum limits for (C) classification in Table III of this subpart.

(f) (SStd) classification. Canned beans that fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 24 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule); and may also be "Below Standard in Quality— Good Food-Not High Grade" for the following applicable reasons:

Excessive number very short pieces;
Excessive number blemished units;
Excessive number unstemmed units;
Excessive foreign material;

Excessive loose seeds and pieces of seeds.

Leaves and other extraneous vegetable matter.

All styles, except as indicated otherwise:

Loose seeds and pieces (except in Sliced Lengthwise style). Small pieces of pod (in cuts; and mixed-cut and short cut styles only):

(a) 240 count or less per 12 ozs. drained weight.

(b) More than 240 count per 12 ozs. drained weight.

Ragged-cut units; and/or damage by mechanical injury (except in Sliced Lengthwise style).

(a) General. The factor of character refers to the maturity as reflected in the degree of development of pods and seeds and to the tenderness of the pods; to the degree of sloughing of the epidermis; and to the appearance of the slices and portions thereof in "Sliced Lengthwise" style.

(b) Definitions. (1) "Trimmed pod" means any pod from which there has been trimmed off as far as the end of the space formerly occupied by seed, any portion of the pod from which seed has become separated.

(2) "Tough strings" means strings or pieces of string at least 1⁄2 inch in length which will support a 1⁄2 pound weight for not less than 5 seconds.

the

(3) "Fibrous material" means properly prepared, dried cellulose material obtained from deseeded pods, including strings, broken or unbroken.

(c) (A) classification. Canned beans that possess a good character may be given a score of 36 to 40 points. "Good character" means that:

(1) The beans are very young and tender in that the units are full-fleshed for the variety, are tender, and are not fibrous:

(2) The seeds are in the early stages of maturity;

(3) Not more than 5 percent, by count, of the units may possess tough strings;

(4) The beans are not materially affected in appearance by sloughing of the epidermis; and

(5) The beans, in "Sliced Lengthwise" style, are well sliced.

(d) (B) classification. If the canned beans possess a reasonably good character, a score of 32 to 35 points may be given. Canned beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade B, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Reasonably good character" means that:

(1) The beans are young and reasonably tender in that the units may have lost their fleshy structure to some extent and are practically free from fiber;

(2) The seeds may have passed the early stages of maturity and have not reached the late stages of maturity;

(3) Not more than 10 percent, by count, of the units may possess tough strings:

(4) The beans are not materially af

fected in appearance by sloughing of the epidermis; and

(5) The beans, in "Sliced Lengthwise" style, are reasonably well sliced.

(e) (C) classification. If the canned beans possess a fairly good character, a score of 28 to 31 points may be given. Canned beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade C, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly good character" means that:

(1) The beans may be nearly mature but are fairly tender in that the units may have lost their fleshy structure to a considerable extent;

(2) The beans are not seriously affected in appearance by sloughing of the epidermis;

(3) The trimmed pods contain not more than 25 percent, by weight, of seed and pieces of seed;

1

Canned

(f) (SStd.) classification. beans that fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 27 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule); and may also be "Below Standard in QualityGood Food-Not High Grade", for the following applicable reasons:

Excessive seed and pieces of seed in trimmed pods;

Excessive fibrous material in deseeded pods; and

Excessive tough strings.

LOT INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION § 52.455 Ascertaining the grade of a lot.

The grade of a lot of canned green beans or canned wax beans covered by these standards is determined by the

1 Determined as outlined in the standards of quality of canned green beans (21 CFR 51.11) and canned wax beans (21 CFR 51.16) promulgated under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

(b) "Thick-seeded Baby Potato," such as Baby Potato, Baby Fordhook, and Evergreen varieties;

(c) "Thick-seeded," such as Fordhook variety.

§ 52.473 Grades of canned lima beans. (a) "U.S. Grade A" or "U.S. Fancy" is the quality of canned lima beans that possess similar varietal characteristics; that possess a normal flavor and odor; that possess a good color; that are practically free from defects; that possess a practically clear liquor; that possess a good character; and that for those factors which are scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart the total score is not less than 90 points: Provided, That the canned lima beans may possess a reasonably good character and a fairly clear liquor if the total score is not less than 90 points.

(b) "U. S. Grade B" or "U. S. Extra Standard" is the quality of canned lima beans that possess similar varietal characteristics; that possess a normal flavor and odor; that possess a reasonably good color; that are reasonably free from defects; that possess a reasonably clear liquor; that possess a reasonably good character; and that for those factors which are scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart the total score is not less than 80 points: Provided, That the canned lima beans may possess a fairly clear liquor if the total score is not less than 80 points.

(c) "U. S. Grade C" or "U. S. Standard" is the quality of canned lima beans that possess similar varietal characteristics; that possess a normal flavor and odor; that possess a fairly good color; that are fairly free from defects; that possess a fairly clear liquor; that possess a fairly good character; and that score not less than 70 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart.

(d) "Substandard" is the quality of canned lima beans that fail to meet the requirements of U. S. Grade C or U. S. Standard.

FILL OF CONTAINER AND DRAINED WEIGHTS § 52.474 Recommended fill of con

tainer.

The recommended fill of container for canned lima beans is not incorporated in the grades of the finished product, since fill of container, as such, is not a factor of quality for the purpose of these grades. It is recommended that each

The minimum drained weight recommendations in Table No. I of this section are not incorporated in the grades of the finished product, since drained weight, as such, is not a factor of quality for the purpose of these grades. The drained weight of canned lima beans is determined by emptying the contents of the container upon a United States Standard No. 8 circular sieve of proper diameter so as to distribute the product evenly, inclining the seive to facilitate drainage and allow to drain for two minutes. The drained weight is the weight of the sieve and the lima beans less the weight of the dry sieve. A sieve 8 inches in diameter is used for the No. 2 size can (307 x 409) and smaller sizes, and a sieve 12 inches in diameter is used for containers larger than the No. 2 size can. TABLE NO. I-RECOMMENDED MINIMUM DRAINED WEIGHTS (IN OUNCES) OF LIMA BEANS

TABLE NO. II-SIZES OF LIMA BEANS IN CANNED LIMA BEANS

Word desig

nation:

Size of lima beans (inches in width)

Total score....

Points

35

10

25

30

100

(c) "Normal flavor and normal odor" means that the product is free from objectionable flavors and objectionable odors of any kind.

§ 52.478 Ascertaining the rating of the factors which are scored.

The essential variations within each factor which is scored are so described that the value may be ascertained for such factors and expressed numerically. The numerical range within each factor which is scored is inclusive (for example, "8 to 10 points" means 8, 9, or 10 points). § 52.479 Color.

(a) General. (1) The color for all types of canned lima beans in this subpart is based on the predominating and characteristic color of the exterior surface of the canned lima bean when compared to the U.S.D.A. permanent plastic color standards for Canned Thin-Seeded Lima Beans.

(2) A set of these color standards is available for public inspection, and information in regard to procurement of sets may be obtained from the Processed Products Standardization and Inspection

Branch, Fruit and Vegetable Division, Consumer and Marketing Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C., 20250.

(i) "Green" with respect to all types of canned lima beans in this subpart means that the color of the individual lima bean possesses as much or more green color than the "U.S.D.A. Color Standard for Canned Thin-Seeded Green Lima Beans".

(ii) "White" with respect to all types of canned lima beans in this subpart means that the color of the individual lima bean is lighter than the "U.S.D.A. Color Standard for Canned Thin-Seeded White Lima Beans".

Canned lima

(b) (A) classification. beans that possess a good color may be given a score of 32 to 35 points. "Good color" means that the lima beans, regardless of type, possess a bright typical color and meet the following additional color requirements for the respective types:

(1) Thin-seeded types; Thick-seeded Baby Potato type. (i) Not less than 90 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green" defined as aforesaid, and not more than 10 percent, by count, may be lighter in color: Provided, That not more than 1 percent, by count, of all the lima beans are white, or

(ii) Not less than 97 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and not more than 3 percent, by count, may be lighter in color or white lima beans.

(2) Thick-seeded type. Not less than 90 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and not more than 10 percent, by count, may be lighter in color: Provided, That not more than 3 percent, by count, of all the lima beans are white.

(c) (B) classification. If the canned lima beans possess a reasonably good color, a score of 29 to 31 points may be given. Canned lima beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade B or U. S. Extra Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Reasonably good color" means that the lima beans, regardless of type, possess a typical color and meet the following additional requirements for the respective types:

(1) Thin-seeded type; Thick-seeded Baby Potato type. Not less than 50 percent, by count, of the lima beans are

"green," defined as aforesaid, and not more than 50 percent, by count, may be lighter in color: Provided, That not more than 25 percent, by count, of all the lima beans are white.

(2) Thick-seeded type. Not less than 50 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and not more than 50 percent, by count, may be lighter in color: Provided, That not more than 25 percent, by count, of all the lima beans are white.

Canned lima

(d) (C) classification. beans that possess a fairly good color may be given a score of 26 to 28 points. Canned lima beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade C or U. S. Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly good color" means that the lima beans, regardless of type, possess a typical color and meet the following additional requirements for the respective types:

(1) Thin-seeded type; Thick-seeded Baby Potato type. Less than 50 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green,” defined as aforesaid, and all of the lima beans may be white.

(2) Thick-seeded type. Less than 50 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and all of the lima beans may be white.

(e) (SStd) classification. Canned lima beans that are definitely off color or fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 25 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

[18 F.R. 7933, Dec. 9, 1953, as amended at 25 F.R. 2005, Mar. 9, 1960]

§ 52.480 Clearness of liquor.

(a) (A) classification. Canned lima beans that possess a practically clear liquor may be given a score of 9 or 10 points. "Practically clear liquor" may be given a score of 9 or 10 points. "Practically clear liquor" means that the liquor may be slightly cloudy and that not more than a small amount of sediment is present.

(b) (B) classification. If the canned lima beans possess a reasonably clear liquor, a score of 7 or 8 points may be given. "Reasonably clear liquor" means that the liquor may be somewhat cloudy and may contain a considerable amount of sediment.