The International Peace Garden is a tract of land containing approximately 2,100 acres, located on the international boundary line between the United States and Canada a short distance north of the geographic center of North America. It is being maintained by the North Dakota State Historical Society as a constant memorial to the peaceful relations between the peoples and Governments of Canada and the United States.

It was first proposed at an international meeting of the Gardeners of North America, and a committee was appointed to decide upon a site. The Peace Garden was dedicated in 1932, after plans that were made at considerable expense to the State of North Dakota had been submitted and approved by the North Dakota State Historical Society, the International Peace Garden, Inc., and the National Park Service of the Department of the Interior.

In 1934 the State, with Federal assistance, began to improve the area, but in 1942 work had to be stopped, due to the advent of World War II and the withdrawal of aid by the Federal Government through the Civilian Conservation Corps program.

In addition to the participation of the United States, the Government of Canada and its subdivisions have expended the sum of $121,000 on the project since 1947. The State of North Dakota has contributed $60,000 for development and maintenance. The International Peace Garden, Inc., has contributed, for administrative and development purposes, $20,000. Many other groups have aided the Peace Garden materially, notably, the American Red Cross, Homemakers of America, and patriotic organizations in both the United States and Canada.

The act of October 25, 1949 (63 Stat. 888), authorized an appropriation of $100,000 to develop the International Peace Garden. Rising costs have made this authorization inadequate and an additional $200,000 is estimated necessary for completion of the project. Witnesses appearing at recent hearings testified that if the United States will contribute half of this sum, Canada and the Province of Manitoba probably will provide the other half. Inasmuch as the United States previously contributed $100,000, the additional $100,000 requested by this bill will increase the total appropriation to $200,000.

Since the National Park Service estimates that an additional $100,000 is necessary from the United States to complete the project, the $175,000 total authorization provided by H. R. 3986 has been increased to $200,000 by the committee.

The report of the Department of the Interior and comments of the Bureau of the Budget are as follows:

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,

OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY,
Washington, D. C., July 8, 1953.

Hon. A. L. MILLER,

Chairman, Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs,

House of Representatives, Washington, D. C.

MY DEAR MR. MILLER: Your committee has requested a report on H. R. 3986, a bill to authorize the appropriation of additional funds to complete the Interna tional Peace Garden, N. Dak. This bill would amend the act of October 25, 1949, which authorized the appropriation of $100,000 toward completion of the International Peace Garden. H. R. 3986 would authorize the appropriation of an additional $75,000 for that purpose, which would be accomplished by expanding the original authorization under the 1949 act to $175,000. Another bill, H. R. 3913, which has the same purpose as H. R. 3986 also is pending before your committee. H. R. 3913 would authorize the appropriation of $100,000 toward the completion of the garden and therefore would have the effect of authorizing $25,000 more for that purpose than H. R. 3986.

The International Peace Garden project had its inception at a meeting in Toronto, Canada, in 1929, of the Gardeners' Association of North America. It was proposed at that meeting that an International Peace Garden be established on the boundary between Canada and the United States for the purpose of symbolizing the bond of friendship and good will that has motivated the actions of our 2 nations for more than 130 years, and as a token of our mutual determination to cooperate in achieving lasting world peace. This project is situated on the international boundary between the United States and the Dominion of Canada. It comprises approximately 2,100 acres of land and is located partly in the State of North Dakota (approximately 900 acres) and partly in the Province of Manitoba (approximately 1,200 acres).

From the beginning of the project, representatives of the United States and Canada cooperated in its advancement and formed an organization known as "International Peace Garden, Inc.," which is incorporated under the laws of the State of New York. That organization has promoted the project, undertaken development thereof, and has received contributions for that purpose. Also, the State of North Dakota cooperated in the undertaking by dedicating approximately 900 acres of land for the purpose. An act of the State legislature in 1934 provided that the control, custody, possession, supervision, management, and operation of the 900 acres, as an International Peace Garden, should be vested in the board of directors of International Peace Garden, Inc., and that the State Historical Society of North Dakota, as trustee for the State of North Dakota, should have general supervision of the land in that State for the purpose of seeing that the trust imposed on International Peace Garden, Inc., was complied with and for the purpose of cooperating with the corporation in the development of the project in accordance with the original plans and purposes.

The garden was dedicated in 1932. While this Department assisted in the original development of the project through the Civilian Conservation Corps program, unfortunately, it was not until near the close of the CCC program that it became possible to initiate development, through this program, of the formal garden area on the American side of the international boundary. With the advent of the war, however, the CCC camp was withdrawn soon after work was started on the first section of the proposed formal garden. The project was inactive during the war years.

Subsequently, the act of October 25, 1949 (63 Stat. 888), which authorized the appropriation of $100,000 for Federal cooperation in the project was enacted. That amount has been appropriated and has been expended pursuant to an agreement by this Department with the State of North Dakota.

We understand that the continually rising construction costs account in part for the fact that the original appropriation of $100,000 was insufficient to complete the work on the garden in accordance with the original plan. Estimates that we have received indicate that an additional $75,000 or $100,000, as proposed to be authorized by the bills pending before your committee, probably would be nadequate to complete the project. It appears that an additional $200,000 would be required for that purpose. However, the enactment of either of the present measures would undoubtedly be a great assistance toward completion of the project.

This report has been submitted to the Bureau of the Budget and we have been advised by that Bureau as follows:

"While there would be no objection to the submission of such report as you consider appropriate on H. R. 3986 and H. R. 3913, the Bureau of the Budget believes that the Federal Government has discharged its obligation for this project and that in view of the existing fiscal situation no further authorization can be justified, and the Bureau recommends against favorable consideration of H. R. 3986 and H. R. 3913. The reasons for this conclusion are set forth in our letter of May 7, 1953, to the chairman of the Senate Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs on S. 1277, a similar bill."

At the request of the Bureau of the Budget, there is enclosed a copy of their letter of May 7 to the chairman, Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, United States Senate.

MY DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: This will acknowledge your request for the views of this Bureau on S. 1277, to increase the authorization for appropriations for the International Peace Garden, N. Dak.

The effect of S. 1277 would be to increase the authorization for Federal appropriations for development of the International Peace Garden on the border between North Dakota and Manitoba from $100,000 to $175,000.

The International Peace Garden is an area of about 2,100 acres located on the border between the United States and Canada, with about 900 acres in North Dakota and about 1,200 acres in Manitoba. The area was dedicated in 1932 by the State of North Dakota to commemorate the long-existing peaceful relationships between the two nations. Possession and management of the section of the garden in the United States are vested in the International Peace Garden, Inc., a New York corporation, with general supervision being exercised by the North Dakota State Historical Society.

Development of this section of the garden was undertaken by North Dakota, with Federal assistance in the form of (1) direct appropriations to the National Park Service totaling $100,000; (2) expenditures of about $21,000 from Civilian Conservation Corps funds; and (3) utilization of over 96,000 man-days of CCC enrollee labor which, if valued at the conservative rate of $2.50 per man-day, would be the equivalent of $240,000. It is understood that North Dakota has expended about $24,000 for development of the garden and about $36,000 for maintenance and operation as of March of 1953 and that the sponsoring organization, International Peace Garden, Inc., has contributed about $19,000.

It is noted that the then Secretary of the Interior Chapman stated in his letter of March 23, 1949, to the chairman of the House Committee on Public Lands that $100,000, then proposed for authorization, would cover all anticipated costs to the Federal Government for this development. This $100,000 has subsequently been authorized, appropriated, and turned over to North Dakota for expenditure. Secretary Chapman also stated in his letter of March 23, 1949, that the United States probably owed some obligation to North Dakota to assist in completing the development, since the State had spent $1,500 for plans for a more elaborate garden than would have been proposed it if had known that Federal CCC aid was to be withdrawn. It is now estimated that $200,000 will be required to complete the development in the United States, excluding the cost of a proposed peace tower for which plans have not been prepared

The Bureau of the Budget believes that the Federal Government has discharged its obligation for this project, and that in view of the existing fiscal situation no further authorization can be justified. Accordingly, this Bureau recommends against favorable consideration of the bill.

Sincerely yours,

Jos. M. DODGE, Director.

CORDON RULE

In compliance with subsection (4) of rule XXIX of the Standing Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by the bill, H. R. 3986, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new matter is printed in italic, existing law in which no change is proposed is shown in roman.)

ACT OF OCTOBER 25, 1949 (63 STAT. 888)

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That, for the purpose of assisting the State of North Dakota to complete, in accordance with plans heretofore approved, the International Peace Garden established in North Dakota on the international boundary line between United States and Canada for the purpose of furthering international peace among the nations of the world, there is hereby authorized to be appropriated not to exceed the sum of [$100,000 $200,000.

SEC. 2. Any funds appropriated pursuant hereto shall be expended only in accordance with the terms of an agreement to be entered into between the Secre tary of the Interior and the State of North Dakota to govern such expenditures.

JUNE 9 (legislative day MAY 13), 1954.-Ordered to be printed

Mr. JENNER, from the Committee on Rules and Administration, submitted the following

REPORT

[To accompany S. Res. 144]

The Committee on Rules and Administration, to whom was referred the resolution (S. Res. 144) requiring a yea-and-nay vote on the passage of joint resolutions proposing amendments to the Constitution, having considered same, report favorably thereon with amendments, and recommend that the resolution, as amended, be agreed to by the Senate.

This resolution will make mandatory, and automatic, a record vote of yeas and nays on the final question of the engrossment and passage of any joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution.

The procedure would be somewhat similar to the one already approved by the Senate in its consideration, on February 16, 1954, of Senate Joint Resolution 1, proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States relative to the making of treaties and executive agreements, and to the action of the Committee on Rules and Administration, on March 17, 1954, in reporting the resolution (S. Res. 207) requiring a yea-and-nay vote on the question of advising and consenting to the ratification of treaties.

By its vote of 72 yeas to 16 nays in February, the Senate demonstrated its desire that treaties should be ratified by record rollcall. The 72 to 16 vote was on an amendment which read:

SEC. On the question of advising and consenting to the ratification of a treaty the vote shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against shall be entered on the Journal of the Senate. Later, this action was seconded with the reporting from this committee, of Senate Resolution 207, which provides in part:

*The final question to advise and consent to the ratification shall be determined by a yea-and-nay vote; the yeas and nays shall be considered to have been ordered upon any such question.

The resolution here presented to the Senate has been amended to copy the spare and direct language of the resolution (S. Res. 207) referred to above. It also follows the model of action already taken by the Senate in regard to its desire about the ratification of treaties, in that these ought to be subjected to automatic yea-and-nay votes without, however, a quorum call being a condition precedent.

With the adoption of this resolution, and of Senate Resolution 207, the Senate will have insured record votes on its important function of amending the Constitution, as well as its constitutional privilege of consenting to treaties.

O