II. SPECIAL PROGRAMS FINANCED BY VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS Central Treaty Organization, multilateral technical cooperation Pan American Health Organization, malaria eradication program_ Pan American Union, aid to Chile- United Nations expanded technical assistance program.... United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees program, World United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees United Nations Special Fund. World Health Organization community water supply program.. Total, special programs. Total contributions to assessed budgets__- Total, U.S. contributions from fiscal year 1960 funds_-_ ! Unless otherwise indicated, contributions to the international organizations listed are paid from appropriations made or allocated to the Department of State. In some cases differences exist between the U.S. assessment and the contribution paid because of such factors as credits applied to reduce assessments or because of U.S. statutory limitations on the amount authorized to be appropriated annually for payment of the U.S. share. Cases where statutory limitations prevented payment of the full U.S. share are footnoted. Unless otherwise indicated, the percentages shown are percentages of total scheduled assessments. The following are not included in this table: (a) The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)—considered as part of the cost of U.S. participation in international conferences and meetings. The general agreement did not establish an international organization. Costs involved are reimbursed to the Secretariat of the Interim Commission for the International Trade Organization for servicing meetings of GATT. (b) The Inter-American Development Bank, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Monetary Fund, and the International Finance Corporation-financed by capital subscriptions from member governments and income from operations rather than by annual contributions. 2 The United States was assessed $19,993,650 and made an advance to the Working Capital Fund of $308,465. Of the amount shown, $1,397,489 was applied to the U.S. assessment for the calendar year 1959 and $1,600,000 for the calendar year 1960. The percentage shown applied to calendar year 1960. The United States was assessed $46,252 and made an advance to the Working Capital Fund of $9,760. Of the amount shown, $791,658 was applied to the U.S. assessment for the calendar year 1959, and $683,342 for the calendar year 1960. The percentage shown applied to calendar year 1960. Includes $177,938 as the U.S. contribution to the ordinary budget of the ITU, and $16,770 as the estimated U.S. share of the extraordinary budget, which covers the cost of conferences and meetings. The United States was assessed $3,877,554, but received a credit of $149,224 and made an advance of $61,480 to the Working Capital Fund. The U.S. contribution is paid from funds appropriated to the Post Office Department. The United States was assessed $70,081 for 1959 and $629 for a supplemental budget for 1958. 10 Of the amount shown, $6,497,064 was the U.S. assessment for calendar year 1960 and $3,500,000 was a voluntary contribution for calendar year 1959. The percentage shown is the U.S. share of both assessed and voluntary contributions for calendar year 1960. "The United States was assessed $32,000, but contributed the amount shown because of a statutory limitation which existed on the U.S. contribution. (Footnotes continued on p. 937) D. Passport Policy [See doc. 308, ante, and the unnumbered title which is the initial entry under "Hungary" in Part V, ante, p. 371.] 418. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE UNITED STATES PASSPORT SERVICE: Announcement Issued by the Secretary of State (Herter), September 13, 1960 1 The Secretary of State announced on September 13 that on September 15 there would be established a United States Passport Service. The designation of "Service" will more accurately describe the functions performed by this important area of the Department of State in providing passports and related services for U.S. citizens. It will also reemphasize the active interest and participation of the Department in the enormously expanding field of international travel. International travel by Americans, which will be the principal concern of the Passport Service, is one aspect of the increase in world tourism. President Eisenhower has emphasized how important is such travel among peoples to the building of international understanding. Miss Frances G. Knight, now Director of the Passport Office, will be designated Director of the United States Passport Service. Secretary Herter will ask for specific legislation next January to abolish the old designation of Passport Office, which was established by legislation in 1952.2 1 Department of State press release No. 530 (text as printed in the Department of State Bulletin, Oct. 3, 1960, p. 545). *P.L. 414, 82d Cong., approved June 27, 1952; 66 Stat. 163. 12 Of the amount shown, $70,238 applied to the calendar year 1959 assessment and $71,762 to the calendar year 1960 assessment. The percentage shown is for calendar year 1960. 1 The United States is not a member of CENTO, but contributes toward its international budget on a voluntary basis. The amount of the U.S. contribution is roughly equal to that of each of the member governments. The amount shown does not include the cost of U.S. Government employees loaned to the CENTO international staff, amounting to $31,321 for fiscal year 1960 and a credit of $51,137. 14 The expenditures of the international military headquarters of NATO are not represented in this table. The amount shown is the estimated U.S. cash contribution toward the expenses of the Council and its Secretariat for calendar year 1960. It does not include the cost of U.S. Government employees loaned to the NATO international staff, amounting to $360,718 for fiscal year 1960. 15 The U.S. assessment amounted to $196,832, but, because of a credit of $19,233, the amount paid was $177,599. 16 The U.S. assessment amounted to $1,698,648, but received a credit from the Working Capital Fund of $16,400. 17 The U.S. contribution was paid from funds appropriated to the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. 18 The United States was assessed $14,700, but paid $14,756 because of adjustments. 19 The percentage shown is the U.S. percentage of its assessment to the International Council of Scientific Unions only. 20 The U.S. contribution is paid from funds appropriated to the Treasury Department. 21 The U.S. contribution was paid by the Department of Commerce. 22 The U.S. assessment was $2,827, but, because of a limitation in the convention, the United States paid $1,644. 23 The U.S. contribution was paid from funds appropriated to the Department of Defense. 24 In addition to the above cash contribution, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under authority of title II and title III, Public Law 480, made a grant of 47,500,000 pounds of dried skim milk to UNICEF in fiscal year 1960. The "Service" designation is in conformance with recommendations made by the Senate Committee on Government Operations. Legislation sponsored by members of this Senate committee as well as various other bills in the House have, during the last two Congresses, recommended the establishment of a Passport Service. The Passport Office, in addition to passport issuances, is charged by the Secretary with the Department's responsibilities in determining the U.S. citizenship status of persons claiming such citizenship outside of the United States, in registering U.S. citizens residing abroad, and in assuring that proper direction is provided to members of the Foreign Service stationed abroad who are designated as passport and citizenship officers. Over 280 Foreign Service posts are authorized to perform service relating to U.S. citizenship and 225 Foreign Service posts perform passport functions. More than 175,000 passport issuances and renewals were performed at foreign posts in the fiscal year ending June 30, 1959. In the United States the Passport Office and its eight agencies issued or renewed 830,000 passports in the fiscal year ending June 30, 1960, an increase of 18.5 percent over the previous fiscal year. The eight field agencies are located at Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, and Seattle. A representative of the Passport Office is also at Honolulu, Hawaii. E. Immigration and Visas 419. REQUEST FOR LIBERALIZATION OF IMMIGRATION LEGISLATION: Message From the President (Eisenhower) to the Congress, Transmitted March 17, 19601 To the Congress of the United States: I again urge the liberalization of some of our existing restrictions upon immigration.2 The strength of this Nation may be measured in many ways— military might, industrial productivity, scientific contributions, its system of justice, its freedom from autocracy, the fertility of its land and the prowess of its people. Yet no analytical study can so dramatically demonstrate its position in the world as the simple truth that here, more than any other place, hundreds of thousands of people each year seek to enter and establish their homes and raise their children. 1H. Doc. 360, 86th Cong. (text as printed in the Department of State Bulletin, Apr. 25, 1960, pp. 659–660). 2 See American Foreign Policy: Current Documents, 1957, pp. 1664-1668. To the extent possible, without dislocating the lives of those already living here, this flow of immigration to this country must be encouraged. These persons who seek entry to this country seek more than a share in our material prosperity. The contributions of successive waves of immigrants show that they do not bring their families to a strange land and learn a new language and a new way of life simply to indulge themselves with comforts. Their real concern is with their children, and as a result those who have struggled for the right of American citizenship have, in countless ways, shown a deep appreciation of its responsibilities. The names of those who make important contributions in the fields of science, law, and almost every other field of endeavor indicate that there has been no period in which the immigrants to this country have not richly rewarded it for its liberality in receiving them. In the world of today our immigration law badly needs revision.3 Ideally, I believe that this could perhaps be accomplished best by leaving immigration policy subject to flexible standards. While I realize that such a departure from the past is unlikely now, a number of bills have already been introduced which contain the elements of such an idea. The time is ripe for their serious consideration so that the framework of a new pattern may begin to evolve. For immediate action in this session I urge two major acts: First, we should double the 154,000 quota immigrants that we are presently taking into our country. Second, we should make special provision for the absorption of many thousands of persons who are refugees without a country as a result of political upheavals and their flight from persecution. The first proposal would liberalize the quotas for every country and, to an important extent, moderate the features of existing law which operate unfairly in certain areas of the world. In this regard, I recommend the following steps: 1. The removal of the ceiling of 2,000 on quotas within the AsiaticPacific triangle; 2. The basing of the overall limitation on immigration on the 1960 census as soon as it is available in place of that of 1920 which is the present base; 3. The annual acceptance of one-sixth of 1 percent of our total population; 4. Abandonment of the concept of race and ethnic classifications within our population, at least for the purposes of the increases in quotas I have recommended, by substituting as the base for computation the number of immigrants actually accepted from each area between 1924 and 1959. In other words the increase in the quota for Italy, for example, would not be based upon a percentage of a so-called Italian ethnic group within our country, but upon a percentage of actual immigration from Italy between 1924 and 1959; and For the text of the Immigration and Nationality Act as amended, see Immigration and Nationality Act With Amendments and Notes on Related Laws (committee print, House Committee on the Judiciary, 87th Cong., 2d sess.). See also American Foreign Policy: Current Documents, 1959, pp. 1800-1811. |