of July, one thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, entitled "An act amending the act granting half pay. to widows or orphans where their husbands or fathers have died of wounds received in the military service of the United States, in case of deceased officers and soldiers of the militia and volunteers, passed July fourth, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-six," or an act approved the twenty-second day of February, one thousand eight hundred and forty-nine, entitled "An act granting five years' half pay to certain widows and orphans of officers, non-commissioned officers, musicians, and privates, both regulars and volunteers," be, and they are hereby, granted a continuance of said half pay, under like limitations and restrictions, for a further period of five years, to commence at the expiration of the half pay provided for by the aforesaid acts: Provided, however, That in case of the death or marriage of such widow before the expiration of said term of five years, the half pay for the remainder of the term shall go to the child or children of the deceased officer or soldier whilst under the age of sixteen years; and in like manner the child or children of such deceased, when there is no widow, shall be paid no longer than while there is a child or children under the age aforesaid: And provided further, That no greater sum shall be allowed in any case to the widow or the child or children of any officer than the half pay of a lieutenant colonel: Provided, further, That the act approved the twenty-second of February, one thousand eight hundred and forty-nine, "granting five years' half pay to certain widows and orphans of officers, non-commissioned officers, musicians, and privates, both reg

ular and volunteer," be so extended and construed as to embrace the widows and minor heirs of the officers, non-commissioned officers, musicians, and privates of the regulars, militia, and volunteers of the war of eighteen hundred and twelve, and of the various Indian wars since 1790.

SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That the widows of all officers, non-commissioned officers, musicians, and privates, of the revolutionary army, who were married subsequent to January, A. D. eighteen hundred, shall be entitled to a pension in the same manner as those who were married before that date.

APPROVED, JUNE 3, 1858.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That all those surviving widows and minor children who have been, or may be granted and allowed five years' half pay under the provisions of any law or laws of the United States, be and they are hereby granted a continuance of such half pay under the following terms and limitations, viz: to such widows during life, and to such child or children, where there is no widow, whilst under the age of sixteen years, to commence from the expiration of the half pay provided for by the first section of the act entitled "An act to continue half pay to certain widows and orphans," approved February 3, 1853: Provided, however, That in case of the marriage or death of any such widow, the half pay shall go to the child or children of the deceased officer or soldier whilst under the age of sixteen years; and in like manner, the child or children of such deceased

officer or soldier, when there is no widow, shall be paid no longer than while there are children or a child under the age aforesaid: And provided further, That the half pay of such widows and orphans shall be half the monthly pay of the officers, non-commissioned officers, musicians, and privates of the infantry of the regular army of the United States, and no more, and that no greater sum shall be allowed to any such widow or minor children than the half pay of a lieutenant colonel: And provided, also, That this act shall not be construed to apply to or embrace the case of any person or persons now receiving a pension for life; and further, that whenever half pay shall have been granted by any special act of Congress, and is renewed or continued under the provisions of this act, the same shall commence from the date hereof.

III. NAVY PENSION LAWS.

A careful examination of these laws, and a comparison of them with the army pension laws, will reveal the most extraordinary disparity between the two with regard to rates of pension. This is now at an end, and the members of the army and navy are put on the same footing, so far as cases are concerned which may originate subsequent to March 4, 1861. All such cases will be adjudicated under the act of July 14, 1862. All originating prior to t'hat time will adjudicated, as heretofore, under the following laws.

APPROVED, APRIL 23, 1800.

SEC. 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That from and after the first day of June next, the following rules and regulations be adopted and put in force for the government of the navy of the United States:

ART. 1. The commanders of all ships and vessels

of war, belonging to the navy, are strictly enjoined and required to show, in themselves, a good example of virtue, honor, patriotism, and subordination; and be vigilant in inspecting the conduct of all such as are placed under their command; and to guard against, and suppress, all dissolute and immoral practices, and to correct all such as are guilty of them according to the usage of the sea service.

*

*

SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That the proceeds of all ships and vessels, and the goods taken on board of them, which shall be adjudged good prize, shall, when of equal or superior force to the vessel or vessels making the capture, be the sole property of the captors; and when of inferior force, shall be divided equally between the United States and the officers and men making the capture.

SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That the prizemoney, belonging to the officers and men, shall be distributed in the following manner :

1. To the commanding officers of fleets, squadrons, or single ships, three-twentieths, of which the commanding officers of the fleet and squadron shall have one-twentieth, if the prize be taken by a ship or vessel acting under his command, and the commander of single ships, two-twentieths; but when the prize is taken by a ship acting independently of such superior officer, the three-twentieths shall belong to her commander.

2. To sea lieutenants, captains of marines, and sailing masters, two-twentieths; but where there is a captain, without a lieutenant of marines, these officers shall be entitled to two-twentieths and one-third of a twentieth; which third, in such case, shall be de

ducted from the share of the officers mentioned in article No. 3 of this section.

3. To chaplains, lieutenants of marines, surgeons, pursers, boatswains, gunners, carpenters, and master's mates, two-twentieths.

4. To midshipmen, surgeon's mates, captain's clerks, school-masters, boatswain's mates, gunner's mates, carpenter's mates, ship's stewards, sailmakers, master's-at-arms, armorers, cockswains, and coopers, three-twentieths and an half.

5. To gunner's yeomen, boatswain's yeomen, quartermasters, quartergunners, sailmaker's mates, sergeants and corporals of marines, drummers, fifers, and extra petty officers, two-twentieths and an half.

6. To seamen, ordinary seamen, marines, and all other persons doing duty on board, seven-twentieths.

7. Whenever one or more public ships or vessels are in sight at the time any one or more ships are taking a prize or prizes, they shall all share equally in the prize or prizes, according to the number of men and guns on board each ship in sight.

No commander of a fleet or squadron shall be entitled to receive any share of prizes taken by vessels not under his immediate command; nor of such prizes as may have been taken by ships or vessels intended to be placed under his command, before they have acted under his immediate orders; nor shall a commander of a fleet or squadron, leaving the station where he had the command, have any share in the prizes taken by ships left on such station, after he had gone out of the limits of his said command.

SEC. 7. And be it further enacted, That a bounty shall be paid by the United States, of twenty dollars,