Fig. 126. is one of the upright lights, 6 ft. 8 in. to the spring of the arch, and rising 8 in. in the centre, fitting into a corresponding frame, and secured merely by three bolts (k kk). jj are two windows, 14 in. deep, opening upon horizontal pivots at their centre; the panes of the glass 4 by 4.

Fig. 127. is a slight sketch of the elevation, with the doors and lights removed for the summer; but not being done upon a scale it does not give the proportions, for the height of the parapet, including all the distance from the crown of the arches to the coping, is only 2 ft. 6 in., and the pillars

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The

between them 23 in. wide, bevelled off to 10 inside. glazing of the roof is curvilinear, each pane being only 5 in. by 4; the laps rather more than one eighth of an inch, with putty between, except a small opening at the centre; but where the best crown glass is used, and the panes so narrow, I do not conceive putty necessary, where merely the usual green-house temperature is wanted. Not only is the original cost, and the expense of repairs, most considerably reduced by adopting panes of small dimensions, but breakage from frost is completely prevented, when the laps do not exceed one fourth of an inch. Though my house is 43 ft. by 18, the cost of glazing did not amount to 50l.

If it should be desirable to have a bed or beds, ample directions are given in your Magazine (Vol. I. p. 108.), with this additional caution only, that where the substratum does not afford a ready escape for the water, drains should be made on the outside, and far below the foundation of the house all round; small openings being left in the foundation walls, to allow the water to pass freely from the bottom of the beds. Whilst speaking of those beds in which camellias usually find a place, I cannot help expressing a doubt whether it is not more advisable to have the plants in pots plunged in the soil, should

that situation be preferred, than to plant them in the bed itself, as they are apt to make a profusion of wood and but little blossom. Though the effect of the elevation sent you is much prettier than it appears upon paper, and corresponds with the character of my house, yet it might not accord so well with others of a different style, where the Grecian pilaster would suit better, and where long lintels being used over the door and windows, instead of stone or brick arches, would allow lower battlements and less masonry, so as to admit a greater quantity of light. Not that I altogether agree with you in upholding the necessity of that continuous light (if I may so express it) in a mere green-house, which you advocate so strongly in your different publications, believing that in the summer season many plants derive considerable relief from being at different intervals thrown into temporary shadow as the sun travels round. [We entirely concur in this opinion for the summer season, and for most plants merely ornamental.] I likewise doubt the advantage of having the plants in pots stationed upon stages, where they are usually crowded together, and drawn up into unsightly shapes. In my opinion they show to greater advantage when looked down upon, and the smaller plants may be brought nearer to the eye upon a light metal stand or two, placed where it may best suit. [In this also we entirely agree.] I shall, however, trespass upon you no further than merely to recommend a very liberal use of Read's patent syringe at all times of the year, except in damp weather, and especially for the oranges and camellias. Should of any readers wish for further information on any point, which I may be able to supply, it shall be readily given.

your

Notts, July 29. 1829.

T. T.

ART. VIII.

Notice of a small economical Green-house, built by Mr. William Godsall, Nurseryman, Hereford. Communicated by Mr. GODSALL.

Sir,

I HEREWITH take the liberty of sending you a sketch of a small green-house which I had erected four years ago, having experienced its utility.

I have represented the section within the elevation by dotted lines, thereby occupying less of your valuable room should you think it worth a place in your Magazine. The front and end lights slope so as to form an angle of about 67 degrees,

which, by receiving the winter sun's rays at nearly right angles (if I may so express it), warms the atmosphere of the house considerably at that season when his animating influence should be made the most of; the sloping front and ends cause a very trifling additional expense, and in a house 20 ft. by 14 affords room for 300 pots 4 in. in diameter more than if those lights were upright; and under the projection outside is a snug winter repository for half-hardy plants, &c., plunged in tan; in short, where economy is a consideration, such a house will be found to answer the purpose admirably. Eight years ago I had also a green-house erected, the draught of the chimney of which was not sufficient to carry off the smoke, notwithstanding I had it raised and altered in various ways; and conceiving at last that height had little to do with it, I determined to try what virtue there was in garden pots. I had the chimney lowered considerably, took a pot about 14 in. in diameter, knocked the bottom out, and had it firmly cemented invertedly on the top, over which I put a second of a smaller size, and also a third. (fig. 128. a) The smoke then issued freely

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from the top, occasioned by the current of air that passed upwards through the cavities between the pots, on account of their not being quite circular, irregular ones having been purposely selected. Indeed, it has answered the purpose extremely well ever since, and to gardeners it is a cheap and efficacious remedy always at hand: but, perhaps, they would have more confidence in trying the experiment, if I refer them to a much later though more scientific invention described in part li. of the Mechanic's Magazine.

Hereford, January, 1830.

I am, Sir, &c.

WM. GODSALL.

ART. IX. Plan and Description of the Kitchen-Garden at Carlton Hall, the Seat of Miles Stapylton, Esq. By W. SEYMOUR, Son of Mr. John Seymour, the Gardener there.

Sir,

I SEND you a plan of our garden at Carlton Hall (fig. 129.), not that it possesses any decided advantage over the generality

of private kitchen-gardens, but it is considered very convenient in most of its divisions, although it has the disadvantage of being placed too near the back of the house, by which we lose the advantage of a south wall and border, as that is occupied by the court-yard and out-offices.

This garden contains about two acres, and is divided into two parts by a flued wall (a a), about 10 ft. high, running east and west; with four small fire-sheds (bbbb), the two middle ones having two furnaces each in them. The outer walls (cc) are about 11 ft. high, and the wall-borders (d d) 12 ft. broad; the walks (ee) 5 ft., except the centre ones, which are 6 ft. wide; and the dwarf fruit tree borders (ff) 7 ft. broad; the alleys (gg) 3 ft. wide; and the compartments for vegetables

(hh) occupy the remainder of the ground, except two small vineries (ii), and the succession pine-stove (k), 60 ft. long by 17 ft. broad; with the vine-border (1), tool-shed (m), seedroom (n), and a basin for water (o), supplied by a forcingpump, which likewise supplies the mansion. There are a fruiting pine-stove (p) with a peach-house (g) on the same range, and the sheds for pots and wheelbarrows at the back; a border in front of the pine-stove and peach-house (r); a coal-house (s); a cart-road into the park (t); a slip on the east, planted with gooseberries and currants (u); an herb-garden on the west (v); a filbert ground (w); and walks leading to the pleasure-ground (x). The melon-ground (y) is situated near the stable-yard, with a small pit (2), heated by fire, for either melons or pines.

Ealing, June 13. 1829.

I remain, Sir, yours, &c.

WM. SEYMOUR.

ART. X. Plans and Sections of the Horticultural Buildings for a Kitchen-Garden of Three Acres and a half within the Walls. By JUVENIS OLITOR.

Sir,

ENCOURAGED by the insertion of my plan for a garden establishment (Vol. IV. p. 215.), I am induced to send you the plans of some of the buildings in it, as I proposed. I shall not enter into the minor details of each structure; for if I were to give a full explanation of every thing requisite in the erection of any one of the houses or pits (such as the shutters, boilers, pulleys, &c.), it would occupy too much room in your most useful publication, perhaps to the exclusion of the communications of abler correspondents. I shall give the ground plan and sections of every house and pit with as brief an explanation as I possibly can, which by the references given will be sufficiently understood by every class of your readers.

The plans (figs. 130. to 138.) which I now submit to you are arranged to be heated by hot water, which I am practically convinced is a very simple and economical mode of heating forcing-houses; but its merits, compared with steam or fire heat, I shall discuss in some future communication. In heating houses by steam or hot water it has generally been the practice, after heating the boiler, to convey the smoke into the chimney close by the boiler, by which I have always thought that a great quantity of heat was lost to the house, and a greater consumption of fuel than necessary required to keep