extensive use of field testing to adapt basic research to local conditions; Population Planning and Health: To increase the opportunities and motivation for family planning, to reduce the rate of population growth, to prevent and combat disease, and to help provide health services for the great majority, with emphasis on the provision of low-cost integrated delivery systems to provide health and family planning services especially to rural areas through community outreach programs;

Education and Human Resources Development:

To reduce illiteracy, to extend basic education, and to increase manpower training in skills related to development, with emphasis on activities designed to expand and strengthen nonformal education methods, to increase the relevance of formal education systems to the needs of the poor, and to strengthen the management capabilities of institutions which enable the poor to participate in development; Technical Assistance, Energy, Research, Reconsideration and Selected Development Problems:

To foster technical cooperation and development, particularly through grants and contracts with private and voluntary, regional and international development organizations; assistance to developing countries in the alleviation of their energy problems through increased production and conservation of energy; programs of research into the process of economic development; programs of reconstruction following natural or manmade disasters; assistance in the solution of special development problems in the poorest countries; and programs of urban development with emphasis on activities directly affecting the urban poor;

Intermediate Technology:

To promote activities in support of an expanded private effort to develop and

'disseminate technologies appropriate for developing countries;

Specific Titles and Provisions: To implement its development assistance programs within these areas of concentration, the Agency utilizes the following tools authorized by the Foreign Assistance Act: development loans, repayable in dollars, emphasiz ing assistance in long-range plans and programs designed to develop economic resources, increase productive capacities, and improve the quality of human life; technical cooperation and development grants to promote economic development, with emphasis on assisting the development of human resources, including specific authorities for grants to U.S. research and educational institutions, American schools and hospitals abroad, private registered U.S. voluntary agencies in reimbursement for international transportation costs on their shipments of humanitarian relief and rehabilitation supplies; housing and other credit guaranty programs including agricultural and productive credit and self-help community develpoment programs in Latin America; and development research into, and evaluation of, the process of economic development. The Agency's programs in Latin America are conducted through the Alliance for Progress which emphasizes the development of both human and economic resources.

Loan and grant assistance for programs relating to population growth are provided to foreign governments, the United Nations, its specialized agencies, and other international organizations and programs, U.S. and foreign nonprofit organizations, universities, hospitals, accredited health institutions, and voluntary health or other qualified organizations. To prevent famine and establish freedom from hunger the Agency provides assistance to strengthen the capabilities of land grant and other eligible U.S. universities to carry out programs of

- teaching, research, and extension work overseas, and to support institutionbuilding programs for development of national and regional agricultural research and extension capacities in developing countries. In carrying out all assistance programs, emphasis is placed on ensuring maximum participation in the task of economic development by the people of the developing countries, through the encouragement of democratic private and local government institutions. Special emphasis is given to programs which tend to integrate women into the national economies of developing countries. Assistance may not be provided to any country engaging in a consistent pattern of human rights violations unless such assistance will directly benefit the needy people in that country.

REIMBURSABLE DEVELOPMENT

PROGRAM

AID also administers a Reimbursable Development Program under which friendly countries are provided, under country-financed arrangements U.S. technical services, commodities, training, etc. These programs are particularly geared to those developing countries in which U.S. concessional aid programs have been concluded or whose natural resources are of interest to the U.S.

SECURITY SUPPORTING ASSISTANCE AND MIDDLE EAST ASSISTANCE

AID administers the provision of economic assistance to friendly countries, organizations, and eligible bodies, in order to support or promote economic or political stability. Currently, the principal recipients of such assistance are the countries of the Middle East.

AID also administers other assistance programs, under the Middle East Special Requirements Fund, which contributes to a peaceful and lasting resolution of the divisive issues that I have contributed to tension and conflict between nations in the Middle

East. Such programs are designed to promote mutual respect and security among the nations in the area and to foster a climate conducive to increased economic development.

INTERNATIONAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE AID administers famine and disaster relief assistance to foreign countries and maintains Government-wide coordination of relief and other aid activities in support of urgent humanitarian and other disaster needs abroad. In this regard, the Agency coordinates and cooperates with the United Nations, other international organizations, and other donors. Special consideration is given to the role of American private and voluntary agencies.

The Foreign Assistance Act also grants special authority for assistance to the drought-stricken nations of Africa, including the African Sahel.

LATIN AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT

AID administers assistance programs for the development of Latin America, particularly to foster regional and hemispheric cooperation and development. (Latin American Development Act of 1960).

FOOD FOR PEACE

In cooperation with the Department of Agriculture, the Agency participates in the sale of agricultural commodities on concessional terms under Title I of Public Law 480 to encourage economic development, to assist in combating hunger and malnutrition, and for other purposes. Under Title II, AID administers the donation of agricultural commodities to meet famine or other urgent or extraordinary relief requirements, to combat malnutrition, to promote economic and community development, and for needy persons and nonprofit school lunch and preschool feeding programs outside the United States. (Public Law 480-Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954, as amended.)

Sources of Information

For information regarding employment with the Agency for International Development, contact the Director, Office of Personnel and Manpower,

515 22nd Street, Washington, D.C. 20037. Phone, 202-632-9608.

For further information, contact the Director, Office of Public Affairs, Agency for International Development, Department of State, Washing. ton, D.C. 20523. Phone, 202-632-8628.

Approved.

CYRUS R. VANCE, Secretary of State.