13. Justin, Novel. v. c. 3; Suicer, Thesaurus.
14. Pallad. hist. Laus. c. 15.

15. Bingham, bk. 8. sec. 13; Mosheim, vol. iv; Athanus, ep. ad Dra
cant; Augustin, De haeres. c. 40; Hieron. Vita Hilar. c. 19;
Du Cange, Glossar. art. Fraternitas.

CHAPTER III.

OF MINISTERS OF THE CHURCH.

§1. Of the Clergy and the Laity, p. 66.

1. Hieron. ep. 2. ad Nepot; Augustin, in Ps. lxvii ; Cave, Prim. Christ.
P. 1. c. 8; Dodwell, Dissert. Cyprian, i. c. 15; Codex Theodos.
de Episc. 1. 2.

2. Tertull. exhort. ad cast. c. 7; Iren. adv. haeres. lib. iv. c. 20.
3. Clemens Rom. ep. ad Cor. c. 40, 41, 42, 44; Comp. Boehmer,
Dissertat. 7. p. 354.

4. Rhenwald, Arch. p. 20; Neander, Kirchengeschichte, bd. i. 301.
5. Baumgarten, S. 51; Cyprian, ep. 33. 22; Ambrose, De dignit.
sacerdot. c. 3; Epiphanius, haeres, 67.

6. Concil. Antioch. c. 1. 2; Niceu. c. 16, 17. 19; Agath. c. 2; Can.
Apost. c. 14. c. 50; Basil M. ep. can. c. 6; Augustin, Serm. 50.
De Divers. tom. x. p. 525.

7. Boehmer, Dissertat. jur. eccl. antiq. 7. p. 341; Tertull. in castit.
c. 7; De idol. c. 12. 7; Bingham, bk. ii. c. 1. sec. 1; Basil M.
ep. canon. c. 51.

8. Euseb. hist. eccl. lib. vi. c. 43; Tertullian, Cyprian, Constitut.
Apost. passim.

9. De offic. eccl. lib. ii. c. 6.

10. Pellicia, chr. eccl, polit. tom. i. p. 27.

11. Primitive Christianity, P. 1. c. 8.

§ 2. Of the different Orders of the Clergy, p. 69.

1. Vitring. De Synagog, vit. lib. ii. c. 11; Adv. Reland Antiq. Ebr.
lib. i. c. 10.

2. Jerom. Ep. 85. ad Evagr.; Baumgarten, Erb. S. 58.

3. Exhortat. ad Castit. c. 7.

4. In Es. c. 3; Epist. ad Rustic. P. 1. dist. 93. c. 24; Duret. P. 2.

caus. 16. quaest. i. c. 7.

5. Cyprian, Epist. 9 et 20.

6. Euseb. eccl. hist. lib. vi. c. 43.

7. Chrysostom, Hom. 67. in Math.; Comp. Julian, epist. ad Arsac.
8. Procopius, De aedificiis Justinian, lib. i. c. 2, 3; Novell. iii. c. 1.
9. Mich. Heineccii, Description of the ancient and modern Greek
Church, 3d vol. 48; H. I. Schmitt, Morgenl, Griech. russ. ;
Kirche Mainz. 1826. 8. p. 282 et seq.; King's Gebr. und Cere-
inon. in der griech. Kirche in Russlund. p. 258 et seq.; Staüd-
lins, Kirchliche Geographie und Statistik. i. S. 268-89. ii.
S. 592-610; Codini, De offic. c. i. n. 41; Morini, Exercit. lib. i.
c. 15.

10. Dionys. Areopagit. de Hierrarchia ecclesiastica. Opp. i. ed. Cor-
der. p. 355—63; Asseman. Bibl. Orient. iii. P. 2. p. 788 et seq. ;
P. 1. p. 355; P.2. p. 791; Margarita, P. 3. c. 8.

11. Fabii, Incarnati, Serntin. sacerdot. P. 1. tract. 2.

12. Concil Trident. Sess. 23. c. 2 et seq.

§3. Of the Episcopal Form of Religion, p. 74.

Wallonis Messalini (Claudii Salmasii) Dissert. de Episcopis et Pres-
byt. 1641. 8; Joach. Hildebrand, Exercit. de Episcopis. Helmst.
1662. 4. ed. 2. 1700. 4; Casp. Ziegler, De Episcopis. Jen. 1686. 4;
Jo. Fr. Buddeus, Exercit. de origine et potestate Episcop. Jen.
1705. 4. Vgl. Dissertat, theol. Syntagm. i. p. 179 seq.; J. Fr. Gru-
ner, De origine Episcoporum eorumque in ecclesia primitiva jure.
Hal. 1764.4; E. J. Danovii, Dissert. de Episc. aetate aposfol. Jen.
1774. 4; J. Ph. Gabler, De Episc. primae ecclesiae eorumque orig-
ine. Jen. 1805. 4.

1. De civitat. Dei, lib. xix. c. 19. lib. i. c. 9.

2. Epist. 8. ad Evagr.

3. Dougtaei, Annal. Sacr. P. 2. exc. 93. p. 139.

4. Arch. p. 28; Gieseler, Kirchengesch. i. p. 112; Siegel, ii. p. 228.
5. Guil. Berevegius, Synod. tom. i.; Observat. ad Can. Apost. c. 1 ;
Comp. Casp. Ziegler, De Episcopis. Jen. 1686. 4. c. 1; Jo. T.
Buddaeus, Exercit. de origine et potestate Episcoporum.

6. Justin Mart. Apolog. ii.; Euseb. h. e. vi. c. 3, 8. vii. c. 13; Basil M.
Hom. in Ps. xxviii; Cyprian, ep. 3. 9.

7. Euseb. Vit. Const. lib. ii. c. 2; Hist. eccl. lib. viii. c. 2; Tertull.
Apol. c. 39; de cor. mil. c. 3; Cyprian, ep. 72.

8. Comment. in Phil. 1: 1. 1 Tim. 3: 1.

9. Cyprian, ep. 55, 69, 42; Angustin. in Ps. 45: 16.

10. Tobit 6: 14; Lib. Enoch. in Grabe, Spicil. i. p. 347; Testament.
xii. Patr. bei Grabe, i. p. 150; Joseph. Antiq. lib. i. c. 4; Philo
de Gigant. p. 284; Justin M. Apol. min. p. 44; Iren. adv. haer.
iv. 16, 36; Clem. Al. Paedag. iii. 2. -

11. Schröckh's K. Gesch. Th. viii. S. 124; Th. xvii. p. 23, 24; Siricius,
Epist. ad Orthod, prov.

12. Cyprian, ep. 63, 55, 59; Basil M. Constit. Mon. c. 22.

§ 4. Official duties of the Bishop, p. 77.

1. Apolog. II, p. 97.

2. Constitut. Apost. lib. viii. c. 12, 13 seq.

3. Ambrose, De Offic. Sacr. lib. i. c 1.

4. Concil. Trullan c. 19; Concil Mogunt I. c. 2; Ludovici. Pii Capi-
tul. I. a. 816. c. 28 seq.

5. Concil. Trident. Sess. 5. c. 2. Sess. 24. c. 4.

6. Concil. Laodic. c. 57.

7. Kanonisch-historische Darstellung einer Geschichte der heuti-
gen sogenannten Domherrn. 1797. 8; J. A. de Ickstad de Capi-
tulorum origine. S. Ejusd. Opusc. tom. ii. p. 386 seq.

§ 5. Insignia of the Bishop, p. 81.

1. Diar. Ital. p. 46.

2. Goari. Encholog. p 98.

3. Binterim's Denkwürdigk. der Kathol. Kirche. I. b. 2. Th. S. 349
seq; Pellicia. tom. i. p. 74, 75.

4. Honor. Augustodon. lib. i. c. 215; Durandi ration. div. offic. lib.
iii. c. 12.

5. Binterim. I. 1. S. 359-61.

6. Isidor. Hispal. de offic. eccl. lib. i. c. 4.

7. Orat. 47; Theodoret. hist. eccl. lib. 2. c. 27.

8. Joan. Diacon. Vit. Gregor. M. lib. iv. c. 8.

9. Durandus ration. lib. 3. c. 17.

10. Anastasius. Biblioth. not. ad. Synod. Constantin. IV. Sess. 6.
11. I. B. I. Th. S. 361-63.

§ 6. Of the several Orders of Bishops, p. 84.

1. Superior order of Bishops.

1. Rabuaus Maur. de instit. cler. lib. i. c. 5.

2. Athanas. Apol. II. c. Ar. p. 791; Concil Epes. a. 431; Concil
Chalcedon. c. 3. Act. Concil. Chalced. Act. 4. p. 471. Act. 16.

p. 818; Leonis Allatii consens. lib. i. c. 18; Jo. Morini Exercit.
lib. i. c. 10 seq.

3. Rabanus Mauranus, de instit. cler. lib. i. c. 5.

4. Concil. Nic. c. 4. Vgl. Can. 7; Concil. Antioch. a. 341. c. 9 ; ibid.
Can. 13; Concil Carthag. III. c. 26. IV. c. 1.

5. Exercit. lib. i. c. 15.

6. Hist. eccl. lib. iii. c. 6.

7. Book II. c. 18.

8. Hieron. Rubei. Hist. Ravennat. lib. 4. p. 209.

9. Bingham's Ant. B. II. c. 17. Comp. also Salmasius, Petavius,
Schelstrate, Richerius, etc.

10. Concil. Chalced. Act. II. p. 388. III. 395.

11. Hieron. ep. 54. ad Marcell. adv. Mont.

12. Concil Nicen. c. 6, 7; Constant. 1. c. 2, 5; Epesen. Act. 7.
13. Bingham's Antiq. B. II. c. 17.

14. Hieron. Plati de Cardinalis dignitate et officio. Rom. 1602. 4.
ed. IV. 1746. 4; Jo. Fr. Buddei de origine Cardinalitiae digni-
tatis. 1693. 4; Lud. Ant. Muratorii Dissert. de Cardinalium in-
stitutione. Ejusd. Antiquit. Ital. T. V. p. 152 seq.

15. Hardini Collect. Concil. tom. vi. P. I. p. 1064-7; Muratori
Scriptor. rer. Ital. tom. ii. P. I. p. 645.

16. Voigt's Hildebrand. Weimar. 1815. 8. S. 54.

II. Inferior order of Bishops, p. 90.

1. Concil. Chalcedon. c. 6.

2. Bingham's Antiq. B. II. c. 14.

3. Ant. Durr. Dissert. de Suffraganeis seu Vicariis in Pontificalibus
Episcoporum Germanic. Binterim. S. 384 seq.

4. Honorius Agustodon. lib. i. c. 182; Concil German. tom. iii. p. 592.
5. Valesius. not. in Theodoret. I. c. 26.

6. Paulus' Memorabilien. I. St. in Gaabs. Abhandlung; Castell.
Lex. Suriac.

7. Ep. I. ad Corinth. e. 42. p. 98. ed. Colomes. von den Aposteln.
8. Eccles. Hist. lib. 7. c. 30.

9. Lud. Thomassin. de discipl. eccl. P. I. lib. ii. c. 1. § 8;

Boehmer. Dissertat. Juris.

10. Concil. Ancyr. Can. 13.
12. Concil. Antioch. c. 8.

eccl. ant. p. 310.

11. Concil. Neocaesar. c. 13.
13. Concil. Chalcedon.

J. H.

14. Athanas. Apolog. II. Opp. tom. i. p. 802. vgl. Concil. Nic. also

Binterim. S. 404.

15. Capit Caroli. M. lib. 7. c. 187.

16. Concil. Germ. tom. ii. p. 692.

17. Annal. Bened. lib. xxxviii. n. 24, 25.

18. Gregor. M. Epist. lib. iii. ep. 2; Johann. II. ad Episc. Galliae.
ep. 3. G. G. Zeltner de Theologico circuitore seu negiodɛvraïs.

§ 7. Of Presbyters ;—their identity and equality with Bishops, p. 94.
Matth. Zimmermann. de Presbyteris et Presbyterissis. Annaberg
1681. 4; Claudii Fonteji. (Jac. Boileau) de antiquo Presbyterorum
jure in regimine ecclesiae. Taurin. 1668. ed. 2. 1678. 8; Henr.
Dodwell. de ordine et potestate Episc. et Presbyterorum. D. Dis-
sertat. Cyprian. Dissert. X: Mar. Lupi. de Parochiis ante annum
Christi millesimum. Bergam. 1788. 4.

1. Homil. I. in Phil. i. p. 8; Homil. II. in 1 Tim. iii.

2. Comment. in Phil. i; Comment. in Phil. 2: 25. Comp. in 1 Tim.
3: 1.

3. Euseb. eccl. Hist. lib. v. c. 24.

4. Ep. ad Evarg. Opp. tom. ii. p. 220: Riddle's Christ. Antiq. p.
186: Euseb. h. e. lib. x. c. 5. p. 757. Comp. Greg. Naz. Vit.
Sua. p. 6. Augustin. Ep. 48.

5. Boehmer jur. eccl. ant. p. 389 seq: Observ. ad Petri de Marca.
Concord, sacerd. et imp. ed. Bamberd. p. 128 seq.: Michaelis
Anmak über die Paulin. Br. an Timoth.: Planck Gesch. derch.
Kerchl. Gesellschaftsverfassung Th. I. S. 26.

6. Examin. Forbigeri. Sent. Sect. II. Jen. 1812. 4. S. 12.
7. Epist. ad Trall. § 9: § 4. Vgl. Ep. ad Magnes.

8. Lib. ii. c. 28.

9. Ep. 55. (al 59.)

10. De Sacerdot. lib. iii. c. 15: Synes. ep. 67.
11. Comment. in Jes. c. iii.

12. Hilat. Comment. in Eph. iv. et 1 Tim. iii.

p. 209.

13. Optatus Milevitanus. lib. i: de Schim. Don. c. 17: Augustinus.
ep. 137.

§ 8. Official duties of Presbylers, p. 103.

1. Ep. II. ad Nep. Vgl. Dial. c. Lucif.
2. Lib. v. c. 22.

3. Lib. vii. c. 17

4. De Saer. lib. iii. c. 1.

5. Concil. Carthag. 4. c. 3, 4: Constit. eccl. Alex. c. 8. Decret. Gra-
tiani dist. 23. c. 8.

6. Chrysost. de sacerd. lib. iii. c. 1-6. c. 4: Homil. 4. in Jes. Hom.
15. in 2 Cor.

7. Constitut. Ap. 8. c. 9, 10, 11: Chrysost. tom. ii. p. 57: Concil.
Milevit. c. 12.

8. Cyprian Ep. 33, (al 38.) 6, (al. 14.) 46, (al 49.) 24, (al 29.) 55, (al
59.): Basil. M. ep. 319: Epiphan. haer. 57. § 1. 69. § 3: Chrys-
ost. de sacerd. lib. iii. c. 15.

9. Euseb. e. h. lib. vi. c. 43-7. c. 28, 30: Concil. Illiber. c. 36:
Concil. Arlet. I: Concil. Tolet. I: Concil. Bracar II: Concil.
Nic. c. II.

§ 9. Different orders of Presbyters, p. 106.

1. Concil. Neocaesar. c. 13:

2. Antiochen. c. 8.

3. Socrat. hist. eccl. lib. vi. c. 9:

4. Sozomen. h. e. lib. viii. c. 12.

5. Ep. 4. ad Rustic.

6. Orat. 20: Concil. Chalcedon. c. 14: Leon. M. ep. ad Don. etc.
7. Codin, de Offiic. M. Eccl.

§ 10. Of the Deacons, p. 107.

1. Casp. Ziegler de Diaconis et Diaconissis veteris ecclesiae. Viteb
1678. 4 Jo. Phil. Odelemi Dissert. de Diaconissis primitivae
ecclesiae. Lips. 1700. 4: Della origine della dignita Arcidia-
conale. S. Sarnelli Lettere Eccles. 1716. Lett. xxv: J. P. Kress
Erläuterung des Archidiaconal-Wessens und der geistl. Send-
Gerichte. Helmst. 1725.4: J. G. Pertschen's: Vom Ursprung
der Archidiaconen, Archidiaconal-Gerichte, bischöfl Officialen
und Vicarien. Hildesh. 1743. 8.

2. De Rebus Christianis ante Const. M. p. 118. coll. p. 139.
3. Comment. in h. e.

4. Vgl. Hienrick's Ep. ad Timoth. p. 15. p. 55-57.

5. Ignatius Ep. ad Trall. § 2. ad Smyrn. § 8. Magnes. § 9.
6. Polycarp ad Phil. § 5.