Last autumn, however, when after nearly five years a portion of the proof was ready, it appeared that, owing to the shattered state of his health, His Excellency Field-marshal Count Roon was for the time unable to examine the contents of the "Ethnology," and that although he intended to do so when convalescent, yet if such delay should be prejudicial to the author and the publisher, he urged an immediate publication of the work, but that in this case any mention of his name on the title-page must be omitted. Any longer delay was indeed undesirable, for the rapidity with which writings grow old, owing to the present activity of science, more especially in the province of ethnology, was painfully impressed upon the author while his work was in the press, by the appearance of several new investigations, of which he was unable to make use. Thus in the early chapters the Mohammedan monarchy at Talifu was described as extant and prosperous, whereas, according to the latest intelligence, the Chinese destroyed it in 1872. The original object of the undertaking, namely, to urge anew the scientific claims of A. von Roon's "Völkerkunde als Propädeutik der politischen Geographie," thus came to naught, much to the regret of the author. OSCAR PESCHEL. Leipsic, Jan. 10, 1874. PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. THE issue of a Second Edition has been delayed for some time by These have been inserted in the text of the English edition. ments and distinct physical descriptions of many members of OSCAR PESCHEL. Leipzic, October, 1874. CONTENTS. INTRODUCTION. I.-Man's Place in Creation. Similarities and Dissimilarities between Men II.-Unity or Plurality of the Human Race. Morphological and Physio- logical Conception of Species. Fertility of Racial Hybrids. Darwin's Natural and Sexual Selections. Psychical Identity of the Human Race. III.-Place of Origin of the Human Race. Not on Islands. Not in Australia. Not in America. Lemuria. IV.-Antiquity of the Human Race. Flint Implements at Abbeville. Discoveries in Caves. Reindeer Period in France. Schussenried. Kitchen- I.-Proportions of the Brain-case. Cross-heads. Sexual Differences. Index of Breadth. Index of Height. IL-The Brain of Man. Weight in Men and Animals. Microcephals. Racial Weights. Size of Brain. Form and Weight of Brain. III.-Osseous Facial Apparatus. Position of the Jaw. Zygomatic Arches. IV.-Proportions of the Pelvis and Limbs. Shape of the Pelvis. Stature Colour of New-born Infants. Colour of the Hair. Section V.-Skin and Hair. Pigment Cells. LINGUISTIC CHARACTERS. II.-Structure of Human Language. Monosyllabism. Definition of Meaning. Ural-Altaic Type. Euphony. Incorporation. Prefix Languages of South I.-Primitive Condition. No Animal Condition demonstrated. Discovery of Fire. Fire-Drills. Bushmen. Veddahs. Mincopies. Fuegians. Botocudos. II.-Food and its Preparation. Wild Nutritive Plants. Pantophagy. Cannibalism. Alcoholic and Narcotic Articles of Food. Stone Cooking. Sense of Modesty. Materials of Clothing. Clothing of the Feet. Screens of Foliage. Leaf Huts. Stone Buildings. IV.-Weapons. Bows and Arrows. Blow Pipes. Arrow Poisons. Slings. Arabs. Inhabitants of Fiords. Rivers and Inland Seas. Phoenicians and Islanders. |