Council. Policy and Program Officers serve as representatives of United States Information Agency on working groups and panels of the National Security Council and of the Operations Coordinating Board which are established to plan national policies and to coordinate their execution.

Personal services and related costs ($614,714).-This estimate provides for salary and related costs for 87 positions planned for fiscal year 1956, and includes $10,945 for the intermittent employment of consultants. The 87 positions are distributed among the following functions of the Office: 11 for overall direction of Agency policy and programs, and special policy functions (such as Operations Coordinating Board liaison); 5 in policy planning activities; 12 in functional policy and programs; 7 in news policy matters; 44 in geographic area planning and programing activities; and 8 in Soviet orbit matters.

No increase is requested for fiscal year 1956.

Travel ($22,786). This estimate will provide (a) $5,000 for approximately 60 trips within the United States for such purposes as screening motion-picture films in New York City, consultation with United Nations officials on matters affecting the Agency's operation, provision of Agency coverage of international conferences held in the United States, and travel of consultants; and (b) $17,786 for 9 overseas trips to review implementation of policy and program objectives, to discuss methods of improving policy guidance to meet United States Information Service mission needs, and to attend conferences scheduled during the fiscal year. No increase in travel funds is requested for 1956.

4. OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND INTELLIGENCE

GENERAL STATEMENT

At the request of the United States Information Agency, the Central Intelligence Agency conducted a study of the Agency's needs for research and intelligence. The study recommended certain changes in the overall Government intelligence setup. The recommendations concerning the United States Information Agency have been accepted by the Agency, and the Office of Research and Intelligence has been established.

In fiscal year 1953 and 1954 units now consolidated into the new Office of Research and Intelligence were scattered in the organization on the following basis:

The first steps of reorganization, accomplished late in fiscal year 1954, combined the Office of Evaluation and the Office of Intelligence Research with a total staff of 68; the final reorganization, in August 1954, brought the radio and press

libraries into the new Office of Research and Intelligence and held the total staff at 95. Concurrent with the physical consolidation of staff, the functions of the new organization were materially changed in line with the recommendations resulting from the Central Intelligence Agency study. The net result of this reorganization provides the Agency with a single office which undertakes to review the main stream of Government intelligence and to extract information essential to the operation of the United States Information Agency. The Office first attempts to have intelligence needs filled through receipt of intelligence from other Government intelligence activities, or by adapting intelligence data from other intelligence services to the Agency's needs. For the unique requirements of this Agency, the Office is equipped to perform its own research.

The Office of Research and Intelligence is responsible for providing the Agency with intelligence information necessary both for program content and policy decisions. The Office (a) maintains liaison with other Government agencies, United States Information Service offices abroad, and private organizations, and obtains from them intelligence information reports, publications, documents, etc., required to support the Agency's operations; (b) disseminates to other United States Government agencies intelligence information collected by the Agency of value in their operations; (c) conducts original research and negotiates and supervises contracts for other research as necessary; (d) adapts intelligence material to the Agency's needs; and (e) provides library and reference facilities to the Agency.

Personal services and related costs ($552,620).—This estimate provides for salaries for 95 positions planned for 1956, and $3,600 for the intermittent employment of consultants. The 95 positions are distributed among the following functions of the Office: 6 for overall direction of the Office; 17 for collection and distribution of intelligence data and maintenance of liaison with intelligence activities of other agencies and with the Central Intelligence Agency; 7 for contract and external research activities; 19 for maintenance and management of a research reference library; and 46 for development and production of intelligence reports adapted to the specific needs of the Agency.

Establishment of the new Office of Research and Intelligence has resulted in a higher-than-normal number of vacancies over a considerable period of fiscal year 1955. Employment in this Office has now picked up and is expected to be at full strength by June. The increase of $65,000 in personal services funds is needed to finance this full-strength employment during fiscal year 1956.

Travel ($15,580). This estimate will provide $1,930 for travel within the United States for consultation with private research institutions and consummation of contractual research arrangements; and $13,650 for 6 overseas trips to work with public affairs officers on research and intelligence needs, and on contractual arrangements for research conducted at foreign posts.

The travel estimate is $6,000 less than the amount planned for the current year. The reduction is due to elimination of 2 overseas trips in 1956.

Books and periodicals ($12,900).-This estimate provides for purchase of special books and periodicals used in the research reference library. The current year amount ($12,900) has been projected without change into 1956 to permit the same level of new acquisitions and replacement of wornout materials.

Research contracts ($250,000).-This estimate provides funds for contracts with private research institutions to obtain data not available from Government sources

or unique to the needs of this Agency. Contractual research is used, as necessary, for the accumulation of facts and statistics which may be used as guidance materials by officers of the Agency in the development of policy and program decisions.

Data required fall into three major categories: (1) Basic intelligence on populations, particularly with respect to communications habits and facilities; (2) current local opinions and attitudes in foreign countries on political situations and national and international issues; and (3) local impact of specific programs of the Agency. Such knowledge is essential to the Agency in tailoring its approach to the individual local audience groups it must reach.

Contractual arrangements for research have been curtailed during the current fiscal year to allow time for study of the intelligence survey report and establishment of the new Office of Research and Intelligence. For this reason, the amount planned for 1955 is substantially below the annual level desirable for normal operations. The increase of $114,000 requested for 1956, will restore contractual research to the level needed next year in the acquisition of intelligence data through contracts.

5. OFFICE OF PRIVATE COOPERATION

GENERAL STATEMENT

The Agency recognizes the importance of private initiative and voluntary participation in creating world understanding of United States concepts and purposes. The Office of Private Cooperation is responsible for developing plans for, and stimulating, guiding and coordinating efforts of the Agency to obtain the fullest possible use of the contributed services and facilities of nongovernmental agencies and groups to further the objectives of the information program. A major activity of the Office is the stimulation of development of international public affairs programs overseas by American business firms and nonprofit groups. The Office works with private agencies, such as business, industrial, fraternal, cultural, civic, and other organizations, interested in and capable of helping create an understanding abroad of United States aims. Representatives of the Office are located in Washington, New York, and San Francisco to develop projects and arrangements with such groups.

To date, 1,037 private organizations have cooperated with the Agency in some 1,700 arrangements which have resulted in projects for overseas audiences. Among these have been letter-writing campaigns; community participation affiliations with towns and villages overseas; university-participation exchanges with educational institutions overseas; magazine and book collection programs; distribution of printed inserts in commercial mail and technical know-how pamphlets sent overseas; institutional advertising; good-will ambassador orientation of tourists; and radio programs such as musical salutes by leading symphony orchestras, for broadcasting over networks and local stations in foreign countries.

Personal services and related costs ($160,200).-This estimate provides for 23 positions planned for fiscal year 1956, and $3,809 for the intermittent employment of consultants. The 23 positions are distributed among the following functions of the Office; 5 for the Office of the Chief of Private Cooperation activities; 8 for project management, development of special projects, and coordination

with other elements of the Agency; and 10 for regional promotion work in field offices located in Washington, New York, and San Francisco.

The fiscal year 1956 estimate includes an increase of three positions for development of special projects and coordination of private activities with other elements of the Agency to achieve an integrated program. The increase of $19,000 in fiscal year 1956 will provide for the additional salary costs for the 3 new positions. Travel ($15,000). This estimate will provide: (a) $11,629 for travel within the United States for purposes of carrying out necessary promotional contacts with private enterprise and public and private nonprofit groups to develop projects, for planning and coordinating programs among the 3 branch offices, and for travel of consultants; and (b) $3,371 for 2 overseas trips for the purpose of observing the overseas effectiveness of private cooperation programs and to guide United States Information Service officers in planning participation by American businessmen and professional and cultural groups to initiate private cooperation programs locally.

No increase for travel is requested in fiscal year 1956.

Program expenses ($99,000).—Because of the financial, as well as the psychological, value of private cooperation projects, an increase of $81,000 is requested in fiscal year 1956 so that a substantial expansion in this activity can be made. Experience of the Agency indicates an urgent need for funds for use in stimulating private enterprise activity through small grants to nonprofit organizations, institutions, and communities working in the international field. The majority of these groups are organized on a volunteer basis, with limited funds earmarked for specific activities.

These activities can, if additional funds are made available, be broadened to include Agency objectives. For example, through a $3,000 grant to the Common Council for American Unity, the Agency has been able to produce and distribute, without United States Government accreditation, a tourist indoctrination booklet which has proved effective. Also, the production, by means of an Agency grant, of 100,000 copies of a CARE leaflet, has made possible a national sales campaign to send American Bookshelves—collections of 99 books, each on American life-to private overseas institutions.

The total of $99,000 requested in fiscal year 1956 to further develop and augment private enterprise resources within the United States, as authorized by section 1005 of Public Law 402, will be used as follows:

(1) $25,000 for printing of promotional materials, to be used by the Agency for direct stimulation of private cooperation projects and by cooperating nonprofit organizations to further Agency-requested projects where Government accreditation reduces overseas effectiveness.

(2) $40,000 for direct assistance to nonprofit groups for carrying on Agencyrequested programs for which staff and operational facilities would not be available without such assistance. For example, a $5,000 grant to the United States Book Exchange provides sorting, screening, and shipping facilities for sending overseas the books and magazines collected by volunteer groups, through Agency-stimulated local and national campaigns.

(3) $34,000 for the launching and development of new community and institutional projects such as symphony salutes, community affiliations, and university-participation programs. Agency requirements for the success of these programs involve limited expenditures of funds on the part of communities, universities, etc.; the current lack of such funds frequently discourages full and effective participation at the local level. As examples, (a) university-participation programs require the production of foreign language student newspaper editions, and printing costs for these editions by a foreign language press may run from $500 to $1,000; and (b) without assistance, symphony orchestra budgets cannot provide for the printing, for overseas distribution, of special illustrated programs. Such programs are particularly valuable overseas as they contain information concerning the cultural activities of the American city saluting or affiliating with an overseas community.

1. OFFICE OF THE GENERAL COUNSEL

GENERAL STATEMENT

The Office of the General Counsel is responsible for the legal affairs and congressional relations of the Agency. This Office advises the Director and key officials on the meaning and intent of all laws, regulations, Executive orders, international agreements, and decisions of law which affect the Agency's operations. It counsels Agency officials on the legal authority available to them and the limita

tions thereon, and on the legal implications of proposed courses of action. The Office of the General Counsel also assists in the drafting of proposed legislation, Executive orders, regulations, contracts, leases, and other legal documents, and is responsible for tne legal sufficiency and propriety of such documents. The General Counsel supplements the personal relations of the Director with the Congress. Under his supervision, the Office maintains continuing liaison with members of the Senate and House.

Personal services and related costs ($106,696).—This estimate provides for 16 positions in fiscal year 1956, projected without change from fiscal year 1955. The staff of 16 includes the General Counsel and Associate General Counsel; 5 attorney positions and 5 secretarial-clerical positions for the conduct of legal affairs; and 2 professional and 2 secretarial-clerical positions for the congressional liaison function.

Travel ($6,504).—The estimate provides $424 for 8 trips within the United States and $6,080 for 3 overseas trips, for purposes of advising on legal aspects of contract negotiation, consultation, and related matters.

No increase for travel is requested for fiscal year 1956.

2. EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT

GENERAL STATEMENT

The Executive Secretariat, acting in a staff capacity, controls the flow of communications and documents to and from the Director and Deputy Director. The Secretariat reviews material prepared for the signature or approval of the Director and Deputy Director, assuring that proper clearances have been obtained, that content conforms with policy and program objectives, and that continuity with past actions is maintained. The Secretariat assigns action responsibility on material sent to the Director, and maintains necessary controls for followup on action assignments; prepares briefs and digests of informational material for the Director and other Agency officials; and reviews all outgoing Agency letters and communications to the field posts to assure proper coordination and conformity with Agency policy, standards, and instructions. The Secretariat also prepares drafts of letters and communications at the request of the Director and Deputy Director.

Personal services and related costs... 10 $44,850 10 $41,800 9 $45,900 -1

$4, 100

EXPLANATION OF MAJOR ITEMS

Personal services and related costs ($45,900).—This estimate provides for 9 positions in fiscal year 1956, a reduction of 1 position from the fiscal year 1955 level. Three employees in the current staff of 10 have been assigned to other duties in