the past 2 fiscal years. The units are needed to reach important groups where electric power is inadequate as well as towns and cities beyond the base of USIS operations.

5. Production supplies and equipment ($256,359).—This estimate is primarily for the purchase and shipping of raw stock to locations overseas where films are being produced locally. The increase of $111,433 represents a proportionate increase in raw stock which will be necessary for the additional productions provided for in 1956.

6. Purchase of maintenance parts and supplies ($238,269).—This estimate provides funds for maintenance parts and supplies for the on-hand inventory of 5,979 projectors and 283 mobile units. It is based on experience factors and the condition and age of equipment. The type parts and supplies involved include tubes, lamps, fuses, belts, springs, shuttles and other items required for normal operation and maintenance of exhibition and related auxiliary equipment.

The increase of $74,214 in fiscal year 1956 is required to provide for minimum maintenance of the equipment now in the field not including that to be replaced in fiscal year 1956.

7. Purchase of miscellaneous equipment ($80,054).—The estimate will provide for auxiliary equipment such as generators, transformers, rheostat-inverters, etc., which are supplied to posts depending on the electric current characteristics of the area. For example, generators for areas without electricity; transformers for areas where current is either above or below 110-volt supply; rheostat inverters for areas of direct current for conversion to AC and reduction to 110 volts.

The increase of $38,480 will provide equipment for areas as follows: $2,608 for Latin America, $23,872 for the Far East, and $12,000 for the ear East.

8. Special adaptations, Latin America ($60,000).—This estimate provides funds. for adapting films concerning global communism for Latin America.

Comparative summary of estimates, fiscal years 1955 and 1956, with House allowance for fiscal year 1956

ITEMS IN MOTION-PICTURE PROGRAM

Mr. STREIBERT. I believe this is as concentrated and brief as I can make an explanation of our entire motion-picture service.

Basically, this motion-picture program is composed of 2 major parts, film production and film distribution. The amount requested for domestic production for 1956 is $1 million out of the $4,500,000 total requested for the motion-picture program.

I want to address myself first to the production side of the motionpicture program. In the first place, we do not produce films if it is possible to obtain films from existing educational and commercial sources. Every new film produced in the United States for nontheatrical use is screened and considered by our staff if it has any potential usefulness for our purposes.

These films can generally be secured by us if wanted without any cost for production or at most a minimum payment for foreign rights In other words, most of these companies or organizations that produce them will let us have them for overseas use without any cost. Of course, that does not mean that we would not have to spend money for additional copies and foreign language versions.

In this current fiscal year, we will be acquiring about 18 such pictures, free of any production cost, to be used in many languages, worldwide, and at the same time we will be supplying the field an additional 200 such pictures in English only for special purposes to particular countries.

We get a request from a country: "Can you get us a film on this, that, or the other?" It may be a medical subject. It may be technical in some cases, or something to do with various phases of technical production, such as automobiles. We know what is available and can ship them a print.

Senator KILGORE. When you get to technical subjects, do you not find that your world technicians are linguists? They can understand the language?

Mr. STREIBERT. That is true, absolutely. Today we have almost 1,000 titles in our libraries available, although no one library has a copy of every one of these titles. There are about 1,000 active titles. It is very significant, it seems to me, that out of those total titles, and this is a fact not heretofore understood-about two-thirds of those pictures were acquired from other sources. We did not not make them.

FILM STORAGE IN NEW YORK VAULTS

Senator KILGORE. Let me ask you something at that point. Mr. Smith testified in the last appropriations hearing that some 40 million feet of film were stored in vaults in New York, is that correct?

Mr. STREIBERT. Yes.

Senator KILGORE. Can you tell us how many million feet of film are presently stored in New York vaults?

Mr. STREIBERT. Those were contained in some 38 vaults and we have since discontinued 11 of those vaults, so that it is now down to 27 vaults. The amount of film in storage has been reduced about 30 percent.

Senator KILGORE. Those are films for distribution, is that right?

Mr. STREIBERT. Those are films taken out of active distribution. We maintain only the negative in case it has value or we want to use it again.

PRODUCTION OF NEW FILMS

Senator KILGORE. How many new films are in the mill under this present appropriation and your next appropriation?

Mr. STREIBERT. May I continue with this, because it will become apparent.

Senator KILGORE. You just said that you were contemplating a certain number of new films. I thought that was an appropriate place to bring up that matter.

Mr. STREIBERT. It will be more apparent as I proceed.

There are so many different kinds of new films that we do not have one figure and thus can say "We will have 100 new films." That has been one of the troubles with this program, that it has many, many aspects and there are no simple answers to what seem to be obvious questions.

A third of the pictures in our libraries today were produced by this motion-picture service since it started. This production of new films in which we engage goes on both in the United States and overseas.

Here is another fact that is not widely understood. Only 40 percent of the number of pictures that we will make in a year are made in the United States and 60 percent are made overseas. That is somewhat of a change, I think, from 3 or 4 years ago or previously when more were made in the United States. We now are operating under the policy of making a maximum number of films overseas. Senator ELLENDER. Is that in the local types, wherever you show them?

Mr. STREIBERT. Yes.

Senator ELLENDER. Are motion pictures made in one country used in other countries?

Mr. STREIBERT. Yes, sir. This will be apparent as I go along. Senator KILGORE. That straightens out the question of your sound track so that you have them in the language.

Mr. STREIBERT. Yes, sir. We produce three types of films: documentary films; topical films; and news ree's.

DOCUMENTARY FILMS

First, as to the documentary films. As I said we are planning to spend in this request for 1956, about a million dollars total out of the $4 million for production, and the 3 classes of films would be divided about this way: about 20 percent or $205,000 for the documentary films

Senator KILGORE. Explain what you mean by "documentary.'

Mr. STREIBERT. These pictures are made for the direct support of specific themes which we wish to publicize in other countries. Examples are pictures on the peaceful application of atomic energy, or on economic subjects of economic integration, or the workings of democratic processes. They are nonfictional, nondramatic, expository types of films and are called documentaries, and it is a well-known designation.

Senator KILGORE. For instance, you might make a film on the Salk vaccine or something of that kind. Mr. STREIBERT. Very much so. I saw one on the use of atomic energy in medicine, for example. It was very explanatory.

TOPICAL FILMS

For the second type of film we make, called topical films, we plan about $175,000.

This topical film is a newsreel type of picture, but instead of being news coverage it would be confined to a single event of news of international significance. Good examples are official visits by the heads of state to this country where we show them at the White House and with Secretary Dulles and show all their activities. We made one recently when the Prime Minister of Ceylon visited here. Conversely, we make them when an important event occurs outside the United States, such as Vice President Nixon's visit to Central America. A good example is when the President of Mexico and the President of the United States met to dedicate Falcon Dam. We made a very good picture of that.

The picture of Nixon's visit to Central America, including his inspection of Communist materials on exhibition in Guatemala City, which is quite an interesting, big exhibit, was enthusiastically received just recently when we screened it for the President of Guatemala and his officials. It is now playing in commercial theaters there and they have asked for prints to be circulated not only throughout Guatemala but we will supply prints for Latin America as well.

NEWSREELS

The third type we make, which is by far the largest proportion, twothirds, $650,000 proposed for 1956, is newsreels. Now, this is almost entirely a classified operation. I will attempt to describe it in general outline terms so that we can discuss it on the record. As a matter of fact, most of our films are unattributed, and we believe it is much more effective not to have the USIS label on these films. This is particularly true of our foreign production. We do not seek to have these pictures known as United States films.

Now, as to the newsreel, on which we spend two-thirds of our production money, we produce this weekly newsreel in 13 foreign languages and it is being used in areas of the world where information media are either nonexistent or severely limited. This newsreel is distributed primarily for exhibition in regular commercial theaters on entertainment screens. Since it reaches these entertainment screens, it is one of our primary methods of reaching strategic audiences quickly with events and pictorial material which support our purposes. That is the biggest operation we have.

Secondly, we send selected news items, this would be footage, not a complete assembled newsreel, but selected news items on footage of varying length on film, to 9 additional countries in addition to the 13 just cited which are not covered by the regular weekly newsreel, and this footage is incorporated locally into newsreels which are locally produced in those countries.

59824-55-64