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man remaining to connect the ancient system of government and manners with the new system.

29. But perhaps clay, or some [other] perishable material, might suffice.

30. There is no [other] country in the whole world that hath in it more marvellous things or greater works of buildings and the like than hath the land of Egypt. And as the heavens in this land are such as [other] men know not, . . . and the river is different from all [other] rivers in the earth, so also do the manners

of the Egyptians differ from the manners of all [other]

men.

31. And these creatures, say the Persians, are swifter than anything [else] in the world.

III. In making a comparison be sure that the objects or ideas compared belong to the same class; i.e. compare men with men, feelings with feelings, qualities with qualities, etc.

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An Indian . . . conducts the singing; other Indians compose the choir. ... I have never seen faces more vividly lit up with joy than those Indian singers.

For though his voice was gentle and fawning, it was dry and husky like a toad.

Like all true artists, Irving's style at its best defies analysis.

He reminds one of Addison;

but he is more simple, more broadly human. His humor is less subtle than Addison, his intellect less keen.

With a heart about as tender as other people, he had a head as hard and impenetrable.. as one of the iron pots which it was a part of his business to sell.

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"An Indian . . conducts the singing; other Indians compose the choir.

I have never seen faces more vividly lit up with joy than the faces of those Indian singers."

Across the Plains, The Old Pacific Capital. "For though his voice was gentle and fawning, it was dry and husky like a toad's."

The Greek Heroes, Theseus. "Like all true artists, Irving has a style that at its best defies analysis."

MARY E. LITCHFIELD, Introduction to The Sketch-Book.

"He reminds one of Addison; but he is more simple, more broadly huHis humor is less subtle than Addison's, his intellect less keen." Ibid.

man.

"With a heart about as tender as other people's, he had a head as hard and impenetrable... as one of the iron pots which it was a part of his business to sell." The Snow Image.

ADVERBS AND CONJUNCTIONS.

LESSON XXXI.

For "besides" (adverb), see Lesson III. For "farther" and "further" (adverbs), see Lesson XXXIV. (footnote, p. 135). For "quite" (adverb), see Lesson XXXIV. (footnote, p. 134).

BUT.

I. The word "but" is used not only (a) as an adverb, (b) as a conjunction, but also (c) idiomatically to mean other than or otherwise than, or (d) as a preposition meaning except.

EXAMPLES.

a. "But" used as an adverb, with the meaning only, merely.

1. "I thought but now to make havoc of the ships and the Achaians, and to depart back again to windy Ilios."

2.

"I have no name,
I am but two days old."

Iliad.

WILLIAM BLAKE, Infant Joy.

3. "And now I am come, with this lost love of mine To lead but one measure, drink one cup of wine." SCOTT, Young Lochinvar.

4. "O damsel, be ye wise

To call him shamed, who is but overthrown?'

Idylls of the King, Gareth and Lynette.

b. "But" used as a conjunction.

1. "Thrown have I been, nor once, but many a time, Victor from vanquished issues at the last,

And overthrower from being overthrown."

Idylls of the King, Gareth and Lynette.

2. "Forth and forever forward!

out

From prudent turret and redoubt,
And in the mellay charge amain,
To fall, but yet to rise again!
Captive? Ah, still, to honour bright,
A captive soldier of the right!
Or free and fighting, good with ill?
Unconquering but unconquered still!"

3. Friar Laurence.

STEVENSON, Our Lady of the Snows. "Care keeps his watch in every

old man's eye,

And where care lodges sleep will never lie;

But where unbruised youth with unstuff'd brain
Doth couch his limbs, there golden sleep doth reign."
Romeo and Juliet, II. 3.

c. "But" used idiomatically, meaning other than, otherwise than.

1.

2.

"Men said he saw strange visions,

Which none beside might see;

And that strange sounds were in his ears

Which none might hear but he."

Lays of Ancient Rome, Battle of the Lake Regillus.

"I feel like one who treads alone

Some banquet hall deserted,

Whose lights are fled,

Whose garlands dead,

And all but he departed."

THOMAS MOORE, Oft in the Stilly Night.

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'Twas a royal train put forth to sea,
Yet the tale can be told by none but me."
DANTE GABRIEL ROSSETTI, The White Ship.

The meaning is here,

1. "Which none other than he might hear."

2. "And all other than he departed."

3. " "By none other than me can the tale be told."

Notice that the case of the pronoun after "but" (as after "than") is the same as that of the noun or pronoun (before the conjunction) to which it corresponds; i.e. in 1 and 2 the nominative case, "he," is used, because "none" and "all" are in the nominative, while in 3 the objective case, "me," is used, because the preceding "none" is in the objective case after the preposition "by."

Notice the case of the pronouns in the examples that follow:

4. "That room was built far out in the house; And none but we in the room

Might hear the voice that rose beneath."

ROSSETTI, The King's Tragedy.

5. "She looked very aged, and wrinkled, and infirm; and yet her eyes, which were as brown as those of an ox, were so extremely large and beautiful, that when they were fixed on Jason's eyes he could see nothing else but them." Tanglewood Tales, The Golden Fleece.

6. "A man cannot speak to his son but as a father; to his wife but as a husband; to his enemy but upon terms;

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