Puritanism-F. D. Maurice-Militant transcendentalism-Carlyle

-Transcendentalism in America, Emerson-Poetry of A. H.

Clough-Mr Browning's place in recent literature,

.

Pages 44-84

THE SCIENTIFIC MOVEMENT AND LITERATURE.

This essay only attempted hints-The poet a seeker for truth-Great

artists love definite conceptions-Dante-Milton-Poetical truth,

a truth to appearances of things—Ideal element in our perceptions

-Illustrations from Tennyson and Wordsworth-Cosmical ideas

as affecting the imagination-Idea of physical vastness-Idea of

law-Idea of Ensemble-Idea of force-Inspiring ideas for litera-

ture from past history of our race-Idea of historical relativity—

Idea of heredity-Idea of progress-Scientific and revolutionary

ideas of progress distinguished-Shelley and Tennyson-Conser-

vative spirit in George Eliot Science in Ethics--Self-development

replaces self-mortification-Self-surrender enjoined by social duty

-Science modifies religious conceptions,

Pages 85-121

THE PROSE WORKS OF WORDSWORTH.

Influence of Wordsworth on a youthful disciple-Return to him in

manhood-A poet's prose-writing-J. S. Mill and Wordsworth-

Consentaneity of thought and feeling in his poetry-"Apology for

the French Revolution "-Sternness of his early enthusiasm-Ex-

pression of republican faith in "Apology"-Wordsworth not in

sympathy with the Aufklärung-How his faith in the Revolution

decayed-His peculiar work that of a transcendental thinker-

Shelley the banner-bearer of Revolution-Effects of Wordsworth's

republican faith remain-Influence of his sister-His veneration

for plain manhood-Theory of poetic diction-His loyalty to Eng-

land as the champion of freedom-Pamphlet on the "Convention

of Cintra "-The politics of a prophetic writer-Style of the

pamphlet -Addresses to the Freeholders of Westmoreland-

Wordsworth as a conservative,
Pages 122-158

WALTER SAVAGE LANDOR.

Two kinds of biographies-Biography of genius, and of labour-
Forster's Life of Landor-His unsubdued force of passion and of
will-Miss Martineau on Landor-Noble elements in his violence
of feeling-His laughter and his rage-Like a man of the Italian
Renaissance-His gentleness-His love of children, flowers, birds
-Paradoxes of his character-Self-torment and studious avoidance

of pain-His modes of work-Causes of unpopularity of his writ-

ings-His audience fit, though few-His classical qualities-His

humour-His critical judgments-He does not interpret his age-

Fails to understand French Revolution-Landor no transcenden-

talist—“A grand old Pagan"-His dramas-His "Hellenics"—

Compared with André Chenier,
Pages 159-190

MR TENNYSON AND MR BROWNING.

Tennyson and Browning as teachers are complementary-A poet's

philosophy-Law the dominant conception with Tennyson-God

and external nature-Tennyson not a mystic nor a transcendental

thinker-Law in humanity-Idea of Progress-The golden age one

of (1) Scientific knowledge, (2) Political organisation-Tennyson's

love of freedom and order-His ideal of human character-The

ideal government in harmony with the ideal man-Central point

of Arthurian story-Evil of disorder-"Lucretius"-"In Memor-

iam." Browning feels the greatness and beauty of passions and

enthusiasms-His interpretation of nature-His optimism-His

interest centred in the individual-The dominant thought in his

writings-His doctrines on art-Contempt for the connoisseur-

Contrast of the connoisseur with the artist-His poems on love-

Two groups of dramatis persona-Virtue of moments of life-His

sympathy with the enthusiast's love of freedom-His estimate of

the worth of knowledge-"Paracelsus," "Sordello," "Easter Day"

-Later poems-His intellectual casuistry-His moral ardour,

Pages 191-239

GEORGE ELIOT.

Personal accent in George Eliot's writings-A great nature suffering

and conquering-Dramatic truth of her writings-Her poems—

She cannot sing-Completeness of her nature-Conscience, its

foundation-Importance of the moral element in her novels-Her

passionate sensibility kept under a check-Her manifold sym-

pathies-Backgrounds of her pictures-Her love of definiteness—

Her theoretic intellect-Her desire for positive truth-Her tender-

ness in dealing with religious belief-Her humour-Her nature

harmonious after struggle-Capacity for joy, necessity of self-

surrender-The higher rule-Renunciants and egoists in her novels

-Relation of the individual to society- Heredity, the "Spanish

Gypsy"--Her respect for human law--Sacredness of ties to the

Past "Brother and Sister"-Thoughts on Death-Survival in

our influence after death-"Jubal,”
Pages 240-272

GEORGE ELIOT-II. "MIDDLEMARCH" AND "DANIEL

DERONDA."

Two classes of great artists-Artists who unite breadth with height-

George Eliot. .one of these-Ideality of "Daniel Deronda'

Peculiar demands on the reader made by it-It is a companion

piece to "Middlemarch" "Daniel Deronda " poetical and

constructive, “Middlemarch" prosaic and critical-A history of

failures-"Daniel Deronda" the counterpoise-What we mean

by "ideal"-Deronda, his childhood and youth-His probation-

George Eliot's use of scientific phraseology-A truth-seeker must

listen to science—"Daniel Deronda" a homage to the emotions-

Mordecai not a visionary unreality-The religious idea of Daniel

Deronda "-To transcend self is with Deronda a joy-The epic

life-Why Deronda is a Jew--Mirah and Gwendolen-Grandcourt

the absolute egoist-Gwendolen saved from egoism-Note of

solemn triumph at the close,
Pages 273-310

LAMENNAIS.

66

Position of Lamennais in the Catholic reaction-His prophet-like
character-His gentleness-Birth and childhood-Conflict of life
begins—“Réflexions sur l'État de l'Église "-In England-Henry
Moorman-" Essai sur l'Indifférence "-Its theory-Its reception
-Lamennais suspected-Appeal to Rome-At Rome-Leo XII.—
At La Chênaie-Conversion to democratic cause-A liberalised
Catholicism-Judicial proceedings against him-His health fails-
At Saint Sauveur-Émile Forgues-Returns to La Chênaie-
"L'Avenir"-Second journey to Rome-His reception-Encycli-
cal of Gregory XVI.-Poverty-His disciples-Maurice de Guérin

'Les Paroles d'un Croyant "-Final Breach with Rome-Im-

prisonment In the Constituent Assembly-Changes in his

religious faith-Translation of Dante-"Esquisse d'une Philo-

sophie "Last illness and death-Père la Chaise, Pages 311-356

EDGAR QUINET.

Quinet part of the conscience of France-His freedom from illusions-
His autobiography-Birth and childhood-The Quinet household
-Certines-His mother's influence-His respect for the tradition
of French literature-A boy's Napoleon-worship-Early love-
affairs-The Roman beauty-Study of Latin authors-Friendship
with Michelet-Translates Herder-External incidents of Quinet's

life-Magnitude of his Works-How he attempts to revive the

Epic-The epopee of progress, humanity its hero-" Ahasuerus"

"Prometheus" "Merlin" - An ideal autobiography - "La

Révolution"-A criticism of the Revolution by a believer in it-

Quinet in Switzerland-Science and History-"La Création,"

-

Pages 357-391

ON SOME FRENCH WRITERS OF VERSE, 1830-1877.

Théophile Gautier on recent French Poetry-Characteristics of recent
poets-Victor Hugo alone a master spirit-Romantic school of
Germany--Romantic school of France-An expansive movement—
The style of effusion-Reaction-The style of concentration-
Théophile Gautier-His devotion to beauty-A hedonist asceti-
cism-His counsel to M. Lafagette-Charles Baudelaire-Contrast
with Musset-Baudelaire an intellectual artist-Love of the
artificial-The style of decadence-Is Baudelaire one of the school
of art for art?-Leconte de Lisle-Affinities of his work with
science His calmness-His Stoicism-His cosmopolitan tastes-
His studies of nature and animal life-His prose-M. Catulle
Mendès-M. Maurice Bouchor-Loye and wine-M. Lafagette-
Reaction against "art for art"-M. Sully Prudhomme-The
Eclectic-His tenderness,
Pages 392-427

THE POETRY OF VICTOR HUGO.·

Breadth and violence of Hugo's genius-Sweetness and tenderness-

He is the imagination of France since her Revolution-His

deficiency on the side of intellect-His method of truth

discovery-He is instructed by the Zeit-Geist-His moral idealism

-His teaching, that not of experience but of intuitions -His

characterization, its excellence and defects-His moderation

united with extravagance-His development a vital growth-How

ideas influence him-Three periods of his career-A neo-Catholic

Royalist poet- The "Odes"-Reform of French verse “Les

Orientales" and art for art-Second period, "Les Feuilles d'Aut-

omne"-Hesitation, "Les Chants du Crépuscule "-Democratic

tendency-Songs of joy and high resolve "Les Rayons et les

Ombres"-Sorrow and exile-"Les Contemplations," a lyrical

record of twenty-five years-Signs of stress and strain-"Les

Châtiments"-Short democratic epics, "La Légende des Siècles

-Mirth prepense, "Les Chansons des Rues et des Bois "The

Year terrible-Poems of 1877,
Pages 428-467

THE POETRY OF DEMOCRACY: WALT WHITMAN.

The naturalist school of criticism has not studied American literature
-Its European character-Longfellow and Irving-Causes of
absence of indigenous growths-Whitman a summons and a
challenge Meaning of a representative poet-Character of aristo-
cratic art-Attention to form-Selectness-Indifference to the
people-Noble ideals of heroic character-Love of the Past-
Character of democratic art-Absence of canons-Appeals to a
nation-Attitude toward the Past-Form of Whitman's writings
-His wide sympathies-Principle of equality-His delight in man
-His tolerance-His feeling toward science-His fear of spurious
culture-No individual his hero-His catalogues explained-De
Tocqueville on the poetry of democracy-Whitman's fears, for
America-His materialism and spirituality-His freedom from
asceticism-His ideals of manly character-True culture-Woman-
ly ideals-His love of comradeship-His interpretation of nature
-His mystical tendency-His optimism-His feeling towards
death-His influence to free and arouse-Conclusion,

Pages 468-523