(c) to collect and disseminate information about governmental and private financial, economic and commercial institutions, which trade with South Africa, (d) to promote, in co-operation with other international bodies, the campaign for international economic sanctions against South Africa by all appropriate means, in particular by countering the propaganda and pressures of the South African Government. Document VIII-51 Recommendation for Consideration of Imposition of "Total Economic Sanctions Against the Republic of South Africa": REPORT OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON THE POLICIES OF Apartheid of THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, TRANSMITTED NOVEMBER 30, 1964 (EXCERPT) 56 The Special Committee recommends that the General Assembly should, at the earliest practicable date: (a) Record the conviction of the large majority of Member States that the situation in the Republic of South Africa constitutes a serious threat to the peace, thus calling for mandatory measures provided for in Chapter VII of the Charter, and that economic sanctions are the only available means for a peaceful solution of the situation; 67 (b) Invite the Security Council to take necessary action without delay to resolve the situation. The Special Committee makes the following recommendations for the consideration of the General Assembly and the Security Council: (a) Decide on total economic sanctions against the Republic of South Africa until the South African Government agrees to comply with its obligations under the Charter of the United Nations, and institute measures indicated below, to persuade the South African Government to take steps to comply with the resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council; (b) Commend the States which have taken effective measures in implementation of the decisions of the General Assembly and the Security Council on this question; and invite all other States to take action in implementation of these decisions and report without delay; (c) Express regret at the actions of States which have acted contrary to the provisions of operative paragraph 4 of General Assembly resolution 1761 (XVII) or have failed to implement the decisions on military assistance to the Republic of South Africa in operative paragraph 3 of the Security Council resolution of 7 August 1963 (S/5386), reaffirmed and elaborated in operative paragraphs 1 and 5 of the resolution of 4 December 1963 (S/5471)" and operative paragraph 12 of the resolution of 18 June 1964 (S/5778);' (d) Request all States: 61 (i) To prohibit the provision of technical assistance or capital for the manufacture of arms and ammunition in South Africa; * U.N. doc. S/6073 and Add. 1 (also issued as A/5825 and Add. 1). Concerning the establishment and previous work of the Special Committee, see footnote 17 to doc. VIII-45, ante. Text in American Foreign Policy, 1950–1955: Basic Documents, vol. I, pp. 134-161. 69 Text in American Foreign Policy: Current Documents, 1962, pp. 931–933. Text ibid., 1963, pp. 689-690. Text ibid., pp. 698–700. 61 Ante, doc. VIII-46. 219-262-67 -56 (ii) To prohibit any assistance in the manufacture in South Africa of aircraft, naval craft or military vehicles; (iii) To deny training facilities to members of the South African armed forces; (iv) To refrain from joint military exercises with the South African armed forces; (e) Request all international agencies, in particular the specialized agencies, including the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Monetary Fund, to take all necessary steps to deny economic or technical assistance to the Government of the Republic of South Africa without precluding, however, humanitarian assistance to the victims of the policies of apartheid. (f) Request all States to prohibit or discourage investments by their nationals in the Republic of South Africa, and the granting of loans and credits to the South African Government and South African companies; (g) Request all States to deny facilities for all ships and planes destined to or returning from the Republic of South Africa; (h) Request all States to prohibit or discourage the emigration of their nationals to the Republic of South Africa ; (i) Request all States: (i) To prohibit the supply of petroleum and petroleum products to the Republic of South Africa, with a special appeal to all oil exporting countries to co-operate in this action; (ii) To prohibit the petroleum companies and shipping companies regis- (iii) To take appropriate measures to discourage and prevent such com- (j) Invite all States and organizations to contribute generously for the relief and assistance of all persons persecuted by the South African Government for acts resulting from their opposition to the policies of apartheid and to their families; (k) Request all States to prohibit the supply of rubber, chemicals, minerals and other raw materials to South Africa, and the importation from South Africa of gold, diamonds, iron ore or other minerals; (1) Request all States to deny all technical assistance, capital and machinery for the manufacture of motor vehicles and rolling stock in the Republic of South Africa; (m) Establish an international commission to investigate charges of ill-treatment and torture of prisoners in the Republic of South Africa; authorize the commission to investigate the affidavits by former prisoners, interview present and former prisoners and look into the conditions in the prisons, and report as soon as possible; and invite the Government of the Republic of South Africa to provide facilities for such an impartial investigation; (n) Invite Member States to encourage and provide facilities for the widest dissemination of information to promote awareness of the dangers of the policies of apartheid and support for the United Nations activities on this question; invite the specialized agencies to take concerted and active measures, in cooperation with the Secretary-General and the Special Committee, to promote the dissemination of such information; request the Secretary-General to encourage international organizations to disseminate such information; and allocate adequate budgetary and other support for the efforts of the Special Committee in this field; (0) Enlarge the membership of the Special Committee to include permanent members of the Security Council and the present major trading partners of the Republic of South Africa, and to ensure a wider geographical distribution in its membership. ADMINISTRATION OF THE MANDATED TERRITORY OF SOUTH-WEST AFRICA BY SOUTH AFRICA Document VIII-52 Question of South-West Africa: RESOLUTION ADOPTED BY THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON THE SITUATION WITH REGARD TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DECLARATION ON THE GRANTING OF INDEPENDENCE TO COLONIAL COUNTRIES AND PEOPLES, MAY 21, 1964 62 Having considered the question of South West Africa, Bearing in mind the principles of the Declaration on the granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples set forth in General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV) of 14 December 1960,63 Recalling other resolutions of the General Assembly relating to South West Africa, especially resolutions 1702 (XVI) of 19 December 1961, 1805 (XVII) of 14 December 1962, and 1899 (XVIII) of 13 November 1963, 65 Deploring the refusal of the Government of the Republic of South Africa to co-operate with the United Nations, Deploring further that the Government of the Republic of South Africa has taken no steps to implement the resolutions of the General Assembly on South West Africa, in particular that it has not facilitated the establishment of the office of a United Nations Technical Assistance Resident Representative in the Territory, Noting with deep concern the continued deterioration of the situation in South West Africa as a result of the intensification of the policy of apartheid U.N. doc. A/5800/Rev. 1, pp. 132–133. The Special Committee, also known as the Committee of 24, had been established in 1961 as a Committee of 17 nations (see American Foreign Policy: Current Documents, 1961, pp. 171–172) and enlarged in 1962 to a membership of 24. Regarding its consideration of the South-West Africa question during 1963, see ibid., 1963, p. 705, footnote 63. This resolution was adopted by a vote of 21 to 0, with 3 abstentions (including the U.S.). The United States gave as its principal reason for abstaining on the vote its disagreement with the paragraphs describing the situation in South-West Africa as "a serious threat to international peace and security," preferring instead a characterization of it as "seriously disturbing international peace and security." The United States also regretted that the resolution did not take note of the South African government's intention not to take any substantive steps to change the situation in the territory while the International Court of Justice was considering the mandate question (see ibid., 1960, pp. 640-642). At the same time, the United States maintained that it was firmly opposed to the extension of the policy of apartheid to South-West Africa. Text ibid., 1960, pp. 110-111. 63 and the purpose of the Government of the Republic of South Africa to implement the recommendations contained in the report of the Commission of Inquiry into South West Africa Affairs, 1962-1963, established by the Government of the Republic of South Africa, 07 Noting with concern that the implementation of the recommendations contained in the report would result in the partition and disintegration of the Territory of South West Africa and its absorption into South Africa, Recalling that the General Assembly, in paragraph 6 of resolution 1514 (XV), had declared that: "Any attempt aimed at the partial or total disruption of the national unity and the territorial integrity of a country is incompatible with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations", Taking into consideration the special responsibilities of the United Nations with regard to the Territory of South West Africa, 1. Solemnly reaffirms the inalienable right of the people of South West Africa to self-determination, national unity, territorial integrity and independence; 2. Calls upon the Government of the Republic of South Africa to desist from implementing the recommendations of the Commission of Inquiry into South West Africa Affairs, 1962-1963; 3. Considers that any attempt to annex a part or the whole of the Territory of South West Africa constitutes an act contrary to international law and a clear violation of the Mandate and the Charter of the United Nations which will endanger international peace and security; 4. Condemns the Government of the Republic of South Africa for its persistent refusal to co-operate with the United Nations in upholding the principles of the Charter of the United Nations and implementing the resolutions of the General Assembly; 5. Requests the Secretary-General : (a) To continue to take steps to establish the office of a United Nations Technical Assistance Resident Representative in South West Africa; (b) To report to the Special Committee on the measures taken by States in compliance with paragraph 7 of resolution 1899 (XVIII); 69 6. Draws the attention of the Security Council to the critical situation in South West Africa, the continuation of which constitutes a serious threat to international peace and security and a clear violation of the Charter of the United Nations; 70 7. Decides to maintain the question of South West Africa on the agenda of the Special Committee. 7 This 5-member Commission, generally known as the Odendaal Commission. submitted its report on Jan. 27, 1964. It called for partition of South-West Africa into 10 "homelands" for non-Europeans, a Colored settlement, and a White area. It also proposed a 5-year development plan for the territory. 68 The Secretary-General reported in U.N. doc. A/5781 on his continued but unsuccessful efforts to establish a U.N. presence in South-West Africa. 69 See U.N. doc. A/5690 and Add. 1-3. As of Oct. 15, 1964, 14 member states had informed the Secretary-General that they were complying with the request not to ship arms or petroleum to South Africa. This resolution was transmitted to the Security Council on May 25; see U.N. doc. S/5722. Document VIII-53 United States Views on the United Nations Report Concerning the Mining Industry and Other International Companies in South-West Africa: STATEMENT MADE BY THE U.S. REPRESENTATIVE (TREE) BEFORE THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON THE SITUATION WITH REGARD TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DECLARATION ON THE GRANTING OF INDEPENDENCE TO COLONIAL COUNTRIES AND PEOPLES, OCTOBER 30, 1964 71 The Special Committee now has before it the report of Subcommittee I concerning the mining industry and other international companies having interests in South-West Africa.72 I must say candidly that my delegation has found the conclusions and recommendations of this report disappointing. The committee will remember that in the resolution of November 13, 1963,73 the General Assembly asked this committee to assess the economic and political influence of international companies active in South-West Africa and to report to the General Assembly. The report which has now appeared after nearly a year's work does not provide a valid assessment. Its conclusions and recommendations constitute a largely unconstructive and unfounded series of condemnations and gratuitous calls for action which at times become undisguised propaganda attacks on the United States and the United Kingdom. Many of the ideas reflected in the recommendations are as flat and stale as the slogan-like terms in which they are stated. They are, Mr. Chairman, entirely inappropriate in what purports to be a study of implications of economic activity for the enlightenment of the General Assembly. Specifically my delegation is concerned that the subcommittee has exceeded the terms of reference established for it by the General Assembly. We are equally concerned that the subcommittee has apparently seen fit so to ignore the factual analysis presented in part two of the report as to raise grave doubts about the validity of the subcommittee's recommendations. I should like to touch briefly on each of these points. First, Mr. Chairman, may we look again at the terms of reference laid down by the General Assembly when it requested the Special Committee to engage in its study. The committee was directed "To consider, in co-operation with the Secretary-General and the agencies of the United Nations, the implications of the activities of the mining industry and the other international companies having interests in South West Africa, in order to assess their economic and political influence and their mode of operation." It was "To report on these questions to the General Assembly at its nineteenth session." "Department of State Bulletin, Nov. 23, 1964, pp. 760–762. 72 U.N. doc. A/AC. 109/L. 154. 73 Text in American Foreign Policy: Current Documents, 1963, pp. 703–708. |