Document IV-138

Extension of the Mandate of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus for a Period of Three Months, Ending December 26, 1964: RESOLUTION ADOPTED BY THE U.N. SECURITY COUNCIL, SEPTEMBER 25, 1964 56

The Security Council,

Taking note of the report of the Secretary-General (S/5950 and Add. 1 and 2)57 and noting, in particular, that the Secretary-General considers it necessary that the stationing in Cyprus of the United Nations Peace-keeping Force created by the Security Council resolution of 4 March 1964 (S/5575) 58 should be extended beyond 26 September, Noting that the Government of Cyprus has indicated its desire that the stationing of the United Nations Force in Cyprus should be continued beyond 26 September 1964,

Renewing the expression of its deep appreciation to the SecretaryGeneral for his efforts in the implementation of the Security Council resolutions of 4 March 1964, 13 March 1964 (S/5603) 59 and 20 June 1964 (S/5778),6

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Renewing the expression of its deep appreciation to the States that have contributed troops, police, supplies and financial support for the implementation of the resolution of 4 March 1964,

Paying tribute to the memory of Sakari Tuomioja for the outstanding services that he rendered to the cause of the United Nations,61 Expressing satisfaction that a new Mediator has been appointed by the Secretary-General in conformity with the resolution of 4 March 1964,62

1. Reaffirms its resolutions of 4 March 1964, 13 March 1964, 20 June 1964 and 9 August 1964 (S/5868) and the consensus expressed by the President at the 1143rd meeting on 11 August 1964; 63

2. Calls upon all States Members of the United Nations to comply with the above-mentioned resolutions;

3. Extends the period in which the United Nations Peace-keeping Force shall be stationed in Cyprus for another three months, ending 26 December 1964, in conformity with the terms of the resolution of 4 March 1964;

4. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security Council informed regarding the compliance of the parties concerned with the provisions of the present resolution.

"U.N. doc. S/5987. This resolution, sponsored by the Representatives of Bolivia, Brazil, the Ivory Coast, Morocco, and Norway, was adopted unanimously. 87 See ante, doc. IV-134.

66 Ante, doc. IV-105.

50 Ante, doc. IV-112.

60 Ante, doc. IV-122.

See footnote 44 to doc. IV–131, ante.

62 See ibid.

Ante, doc. IV-128.

Document IV-139

Cypriot-Turkish Agreement on Rotation of the Turkish Contingent in Cyprus: STATEMENT MADE BY THE U.N. SECRETARY-GENERAL (THANT) IN THE U.N. SECURITY COUNCIL, SEPTEMBER 25, 1964 (EXCERPT) 64

31. In my report of 29 August 1964 to the Security Council [S/5920], and again in my report of 10 September [S/5950], I brought to the Council's attention the situation arising from the intention of the Turkish Government to proceed with the normal rotation of one third of its contingent 65 and the refusal of the Government of Cyprus to allow it.

32. While questions pertaining to the stationing in Cyprus of the Turkish and Greek national contingents do not strictly fall within the mandate conferred upon me and the Force by the Security Council, I indicated to the Council that it was my intention to continue to search for a satisfactory solution of the problem concerning the rotation of the Turkish contingent. These efforts have continued, and I am now in a position to inform the Council that the parties concerned have agreed to the proposal which I submitted to them, whereby the Kyrenia Road, now under the control of Turkish and Turkish Cypriot armed personnel, will be placed under the exclusive control of UNFICYP; no armed personnel or armed posts other than those of the United Nations Force will be allowed on the road; traffic on the road will be free for all civilians. The proposal also provides for the withdrawal of any positions of the Turkish national contingent which would be within 100 yards of the Kyrenia Road, with the exception of a limited number of houses in Geunyeli which are required by the contingent for offices, accommodations for officers, and for the maintenance and repair of vehicles. The detailed implementation of this arrangement will be entrusted, naturally, to General Thimayya, the Commander of UNFICYP.

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33. The Government of Cyprus, without prejudice to its position on the question of the Turkish contingent's presence in Cyprus, will not interfere with the rotation of the contingent. The United Nations Force will observe in the usual manner the movement of the outgoing and incoming elements involved in the rotation.

34. I wish to express my appreciation to the Government of Turkey for having withheld the intended rotation of its contingent in order to allow time for discussions to take place on the basis of my proposals, and to the Government of Cyprus for its co-operation in finding a satisfactory solution to this very delicate question."7

U.N. doc. S/PV.1159, pars. 26-44.

65 The Treaty of Alliance of Aug. 16, 1960 between Cyprus, Greece, and Turkey, provided for stationing of 650 Turkish soldiers in Cyprus (397 UNTS 287), onethird of whom were slated for rotation Aug. 27, 1964.

For details on the implementation of this agreement, see U.N. doc. S/6102, Annex I.

67

Implementation of this agreement was reported by the Special Representative of the U.N. Secretary-General in Cyprus (Bernardes) and the Commander of the U.N. Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (Lt. Gen. Thimayya), Oct. 26, 1964; see U.N. doc. S/6102, par. 21.

Document IV-140

United States Pledge of $2.3 Million for Maintenance of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus During the Period September 27-December 26, 1964: STATEMENT MADE BY THE DEPUTY U.S. REPRESENTATIVE (YOST) IN THE U.N. SECURITY COUNCIL, SEPTEMBER 25, 1964 (EXCERPT) 68

69

Governor Stevenson earlier this week said that we would inform the Council about our contribution for the force when the resolution was adopted. The United States has already contributed $4.3 million of the estimated $12.5 million cost of the first 6 months of the U.N. force's operations. In addition, we have, in view of the shortfall resulting from lack of other contributions, furnished without charge to the United Nations about $1 million worth of air transport.

Now that the force has been extended for 3 months, at a cost estimated by the Secretary-General at $7,050,000, I am authorized to state that my Government will contribute up to $2.3 million for the forthcoming 3-month period.

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The Secretary-General has just a moment ago reemphasized the fact that he cannot carry on this operation unless the necessary funds are provided. We would strongly urge that other states which have generously contributed their troops, their police, their doctors, their facilities or equipment, and their funds continue to do so in proportions at least equal to their past efforts. We particularly urge that states which have not hitherto seen fit to make voluntary contributions to this U.N. operation now do so. Since the operation has been unanimously approved by the Security Council," it would not appear that any member state could have any objection of principle to making such a contribution. Yet if members of this organization are not prepared to provide financial support even for U.N. operations to which there can be no objection of principle, U.N. peacekeeping will all too soon grind to a halt and one of the great and essential objects for which the United Nations was created will ignominiously lapse.

Finally, I should like to mention two pieces of welcome news which the Secretary-General has just conveyed to us.

First, he has told us that an agreement has been reached in regard to the rotation of a part of the Turkish contingent in Cyprus." This was a particularly delicate and potentially hazardous issue, and the Governments concerned are to be congratulated for the wisdom and restraint they have shown in settling it in an amicable manner. The Secretary-General is also to be congratulated for the mediatory role which he has so successfully played.

Second, the Secretary-General has given us the pleasure of learning

68 Department of State Bulletin, Oct. 19, 1964, pp. 563-564.

In his statement in the U.N. Security Council, Sept. 17, cited ante, doc. IV-137. 70 See U.N. doc. S/PV.1159, pars. 35-40.

that our former colleague, Ambassador Bernardes of Brazil, is to serve as his personal representative in Cyprus.73 As the SecretaryGeneral pointed out, Ambassador Bernardes played an important role in the adoption of the resolution under which the U.N. force in Cyprus was first established." I cannot conceive of a person more highly qualified to represent the Secretary-General in Cyprus and to assist him in carrying out the resolution which this Council has adopted.

Document IV-141

Soviet-Cypriot Agreement on Measures for Soviet Assistance of Cyprus for Safeguarding Its Freedom and Territorial Integrity: JOINT STATEMENT ISSUED AT MOSCOW BY THE CHAIRMAN OF THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS OF THE U.S.S.R. (KHRUSHCHEV) AND THE CYPRIOT FOREIGN MINISTER (KYPRIANOU), OCTOBER 1, 1964 (ExCERPT) 75

During their stay in the U.S.S.R., the Cypriot government delegation was received by Nikita Khrushchev, Chairman of the U.S.S.R. Council of Ministers, and handed him a personal message from the President of the Republic of Cyprus, Archbishop Makarios, in which gratitude was expressed to the Soviet Union for the aid and support given to Cyprus. In the friendly and sincere conversation which took place, questions were touched upon concerning the further development of Soviet-Cyprus relations, the situation in the Eastern Mediterranean and other issues of interest to both sides.

Nikita Khrushchev stressed that the Soviet Union resolutely supported the just and courageous struggle of the people and the government of Cyprus against the aggressive actions and intrigues of certain N.A.T.O. countries aimed at imposing on Cyprus political solutions that were not acceptable to the people, including the establishment of foreign military bases in violation of the sovereign rights of the people of Cyprus." The people of Cyprus as a whole should be given the opportunity of peacefully settling their internal problems themselves, without any outside interference.

During the conversation with Nikita Khrushchev the Cypriot delegation expressed certain requests and wishes concerning the rendering of assistance to Cyprus. On the instructions of the Chairman of the U.S.S.R. Council of Ministers, these requests and wishes have been carefully considered by the Soviet Ministries and agencies concerned. Agreement has been reached on practical measures for assistance which the Soviet Union will render to the Republic of Cyprus for safeguarding its freedom and territorial integrity.

See footnote 44 to doc. IV-131, ante.

"See ante, doc. IV-105.

T5 Soviet News, Oct. 2, 1964, pp. 5, 7.

16 See American Foreign Policy: Current Documents, 1963, p. 471, footnote 11.

Document IV-142

The Need for Bargaining Outside the United Nations on the Future Status of the London-Zürich Agreements: ADDRESS BY THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE FOR NEAR EASTERN AND SOUTH ASIAN AFFAIRS (TALBOT) BEFORE THE U.N. ASSOCIATION OF WICHITA, Kans., OCTOBER 23, 1964 (EXCERPTS) 77

It is well to remember . . . that the United Nations can perform certain functions but not others. For example, neither the Security Council nor the General Assembly is competent to revise treaties. Throughout the Cyprus crisis there has been much talk of the inadequacy of the Zurich-London treaties.78 Some might wish to junk them and start afresh. The United Nations is plainly not the forum for that sort of effort.

As I see the problem that lies ahead in the Cyprus issue, it is evident that the central feature of a peaceful resolution must be a bargaining process whose result is that the parties to the Zurich-London treaties agree on some future pattern. What this pattern will be, I don't pretend to suggest. As from the very beginning of our involvement, our hope has been that a resolution can be achieved by agreement.

Document IV-143

Alleged Pursuit by Greek Cypriots and Greece of a Policy of Annexation of Cyprus: EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM FROM THE TURKISH REPRESENTATIVE AT THE U.N. (ERALP) TO THE U.N. SECRETARY-GENERAL (THANT), NOVEMBER 25, 1964 (EXCERPT)79

8. The events that have taken place to date demonstrate without any doubt that the aim of the Greek Cypriots is to bring the Turkish community to its knees and to achieve the annexation of the island by Greece in contravention of the principles of the United Nations Charter. In its efforts towards achieving this aim, the Makarios Administration does not stand alone. The Government of Greece has declared publicly that it shares the "common aim", "common attitude" and "common ideal" inherent in this policy. The Government of Greece did not hestitate to take certain de facto measures in order to ensure the fruition of this policy of annexation it defines as Hellenism, and endeavoured to occupy the island. The report of the Secretary-General states that Greece has sent to the island a military force consisting of 5,000 men." This figure has increased

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78

Department of State Bulletin, Nov. 16, 1964, pp. 700-705.

See American Foreign Policy: Current Documents, 1959, pp. 765–775; footnote 51 to doc. IV-105, ante; Cmnd. No. 1093, pp. 91-173.

79 U.N. doc. A/5753/Add.1. This memorandum explained the Turkish request of Oct. 5, 1964, for inclusion of an item on Cyprus in the agenda of the 19th session of the U.N. General Assembly (U.N. doc. A/5753).

Text in American Foreign Policy, 1950-1955: Basic Documents, vol. I, pp. 134-161.

81 See U.N. doc. S/5950.