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8. Name (a) the three most northerly counties of this State; (b) the most easterly county: (e) the most southerly county; (d) the most westerly county.

9. Name and locate five large European cities.

10. Name the largest river of Africa that flows westerly.

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7. State the uses and limitations of concert reading.

8. Name three errors that you have noticed in the instruction of reading classes, and state the principle violated in each case.

9. State the distinctive features of public reading.

10. (a) Describe a method of teaching primary reading, and give reasons for the several steps. (b) Read selections given by the examiners.

PENMANSHIP.

1. What is your method of teaching writing in primary grades? Why?

2. Is the writing class a necessity of school work? Why?

3. Give a general outline of your method of conducting writing classes.

4. Form and analyze A, B. G. Y.

5. Form and analyze a, b, g. y.

6. What is the unit of height, and what is the unit of width, for the small letters?

7. Which letters require three times the unit of height?

8. Which require twice the unit of height?

9. Describe proper position at the desk.

10. Describe proper mode of holding the pen.

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Write and spell correctly 50 words selected and pronounced by the examiner.

NOVEMBER, 1891.

WRITTEN ARITHMETIC.

1. Define the following: Concrete number, aliquot part, fraction, decimal, present worth, ratio, metric system.

2. When peaches are worth $7 a basket, what are 12634 baskets worth?

3. Find the value of (12976 5-9) × 7-12 of 12 - 23 +21 × 6 1-9).

4. A farmer sold 40 bushels of barley at 8.75 a bushel, 50 bushels of oats at a bushel, 5 tons of hay at $15.75 a ton for all of which he received $102.75 in money and 5 barrels of flour. What was the cost of the flour a barrel?

5. What will it cost to build a wall 240 feet long, 6 feet high, and 3 feet thick, at $3.25 per 1,000 bricks, each brick being 8 inches long, 4 inches wide, and 2 inches thick?

6. A commission merchant sells 225 bbls. of potatoes at $3.25 per bbl., and 316 bbls. of apples at $4.50 per bbl. What is his commission at 4 per cent?

A lumberman sold 36,840 feet of lumber at $21.12 per M, and gained 28 per cent. What would he have gained or lost had he sold it at $17 per M?

8. If by traveling 6 hours a day at the rate of 411⁄2 miles an hour a man perform a journey of 540 miles in 20 days, in how many days, traveling 9 hours a day at the rate of 4% miles an hour, will he travel 600 miles?

9. A speculator bought 420 bales of cotton, each bale containing 488 pounds, at 19 cents a pound, on a credit of 9 months for the amount. He immediately sold the cotton for $42,122.23 cash, and paid the debt at 8 per cent discount. What was his gain?

10. A. B, and C traded in company. A put in $1,400; B, $2,500; and C, 300 barrels of flour: they gained $2,300, of which C took $1,000. What were the shares of A and B, and what was the price of C's flour per barrel?

MENTAL ARITHMETIC.

1.

Benton lost 4-5 of all his money and then found 34 as much as he lost, and then had $120; how much money had he at first?

2. A and B had equal sums of money; A lost $5, and B earned $7, and then together they had $36; how much had each at first?

3. If a 5-cent loaf weighs 7 ounces when flour is worth $6 a barrel, how many should it weigh when flour is worth $7 a barrel?

4. If a miller takes 3 1-5 quarts of every bushel he grinds for toll, what per cent does he take for toll?

6.

5. If by selling land at $75 an acre I gain 25 per cent how must I sell it to lose 40 per cent. Edward bought a certain number of melons at the rate of 5 cents each; if he had paid 3 cents each, they would have cost 14 cents less; how many melons did he buy?

7.

James engaged to labor on condition that for every day he worked he should receive $1% and for every day he played he should pay $2 for his board; at the expiration of 30 days he received $35. How many days did he work?

8.

How many miles may I sail in a steamboat going at the rate of 15 miles an hour, provided I am gone only 9 hours and return at the rate of 12 miles an hour? 9. A went to a store and borrowed as much money as he had, and spent 4 cents; he then went to another store and did the same, and then had 4 cents remaining. How much money had he at first?

10. A dog killed 14 of A's sheep; now, if he sells the remainder for cost, he will receive $60; but reserving 8 and selling of the remainder for cost, he will receive $22. How many had he at

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4. Is reading anything else than a calling of words? If so, what?

5.

6.

What is the correct position of the body and of the book while the pupil is reading?

How would you ascertain whether the pupil has studied his reading lesson?

7. The reading book should be adapted to the pupil-in what respect?

8.

What is meant by quantity in reading?

9. What rate should be regarded in reading fast, slow or moderate?

10. Can imitation aid the beginner in learning to read? Give the reasons for your answer. Read selections given by examiner.

WRITING.

1. Of what advantage, if any, to the pupil is the knowledge of the principles of penmanship? Anlayze g.

2. For beginners, which is the better, the pencil or the pen? Give reasons for your answer. What is the unit of measurement?

3.

4. What is legible writing? What is the advantage in holding the pen between the first and second finger?

6. Is it better to have the pupils practice writing daily, or to have them learn the whole subject in twelve lessons? Give the reasons for your answer.

1. What is "good spelling"?

2.

ORTHOGRAPHY.

Enumerate the labiels and dentals. Tell why they are so called?

3. Analyze knot

4. For what purpose is the grave accent used?

5. Give your method of teaching spelling, and illustrate it by spelling incomprehensibility.

(Section 2. Fifty credits.)

6-10. The following words are to be pronounced by the examiners. Applicants will write the words and mark the proper accent:

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GEOGRAPHY.

1. Where is the center of the land surface of the earth?

2. What two straits in the Western Hemisphere are crossed by the Arctic circle?

3. To what government does Greenland belong?

4. What is meant by the height of a mountain?

5. Where is the highest mountain on the globe? Its height?

6. Which State of South America recently suffered a revolution? Result of the war?

7. Which is the largest country in Europe? Name of its ruler?

& Through what sea does the Jordan flow? Into what sea does it flow?

9. What is the condition of education in Prussia as compared with that of other States?

10. What shores does the Japan current wash? What effect does this current have on the coasts which it washes?

HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES.

1. From what continent did the first inhabitants of America probably come? What was the extent of the Spanish possessions in the new world?

2.

3. Give an account of the Salem witchcraft. What is a witch?

4. Give an account of the "Charter Oak."

5. Where was the first blood of the Revolutionary War spilled?

6. When did the government go into operation under the Constitution?

7. Discriminate between Whig and Tory.

8. Where did the Mormons first settle?

9.

What war broke out during the administration of Polk?

10. What is the present population of the United States? How many States?

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Give an example of a transposed sentence.

8. The bell having rung, we started to dinner. Syntax of bell?

9. We do rejoice. For what purpose is do used here?

10. Two or more subjects, taken separately and differing in person, should have a verb in what person? Illustrate.

THEORY AND PRACTICE OF TEACHING.

1. In teaching history, would you require the pupils to commit the language of the author, or to recite by topics? Give the reasons for your answer.

2

Should education have anything else than the development of the intellect for its object? If so, name it.

3. Discriminate between teaching and instructing.

4. Should the memory be cultivated? Why?

5. In spelling, would you require the pupils to pronounce the syllables of words as they spell them, and to repeat the previons part of the word in connection with each syllable? Spell liniwent as you would require your pupils to spell it.

6. Would you teach grammar by false syntax? Why?

7. How would you teach composition? Would you assign a subject?

8.

Should pupils be required to draw maps from memory? Give the reasons for your answer.

9. Why is the study of mathematics valuable?

10. Which is the better method of teaching the alphabet, by words or by letters? Give the reasons for your answer.

PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE.

1. What danger is there in a large scar?

2. What effect on the muscle does alcohol produce?

3.

How does exercise tend to keep the blood pure?

4. Why do we cook food?

5. What is the only mineral food that we eat by itself?

6. Why is it better to breathe through the nose than through the mouth?

Which is the worse, consumption or drunkenness? Why?

7.

What is the cause of snoring?

10.

How many bones has a man in his body?

9. Sitting up late at night has what effect upon the nervous system?

Give two reasons.

FEBRUARY 18, 1892.

ORTHOGRAPHY.

(Section 1. Fifty credits.)

1. Of what does orthography treat?

2.

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3.

Define the following: Letter, word, spelling.

Write a short description of two methods you would use in teaching spelling. 4. Write four rules for the use of capital letters.

5.

Write two rules for spelling.

6-10.

(Section 2. Fifty credits.)

The following words are to be pronounced by the examiners and written and spelled correctly by the applicants:

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1. Give reason for discarding the old method of teaching reading by first teaching the alphabet.

2. Discuss the question of the propriety of dictation exercises in spelling.

3. What are the causes of the usual school-room tone, or monotonous reading? How may it be avoided? How cured, when the habit is once formed?

4. What kind of reading matter should be given to primary classes? How may it be obtained? 5. What advantages arise from having reading and writing associated from the first?

6.

While the pupil is trying to express his thoughts in writing, what incidental instruction may be gained? What attention should be given to a primary lesson in reading, before recitation? What

7.

after?

8. What means may be employed to excite an interest in reading?

9. What are the objects to be attained in learning to read? What their relative importance? 10. Read selections given by the examiners.

HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES.

1. Name one discoverer in the employ of the Spanish, English, and French, respectively, giving a discovery of each.

2. What were the leading events in the French and Indian war?

3. What causes led to the Revolutionary war?

4.

Comment upon the relative position of the United States today among the great powers of

the world.

5. How did we acquire Louisiana? When? From whom?

6. What was the principle of the "Monroe doctrine"?

7. Mention five of the principal events of the Civil war?

8. What do the following dates suggest: 1492, 1607, 1776, 1789, 1861, 1865 ?

9. Who was President during the war of 1812? The Mexican war? The Civil war?

10.

country.

1.

Mention some of the current topics of the day especially affeeting the history of this

MENTAL ARITHMETIC.

When B was married he was 25 years old, and 3-5 of his age was 3 years more than o his wife's age; required the age of his wife.

2. Having a farm, I sold % of it, and afterward bought 24 acres and then had 56 acres; how much had I at first?

3. The sum of three numbers is 50; the second is three times the first, and the third is twice the second; what are the numbers?

4. Three men bought 75 hores, and as often as the first paid $4 the second paid $5, and the third $6; how many horses should each receive?

5. If 10 oxen eat 4 acres of grass in 6 days, in how many days will 30 oxen eat 8 acres?

6. A tailor sold two coats for $12 each; on one he gained 20 per cent, and on the other he lost 20 per cent; did he gain or lose by the sale and how much?

7. Four times A's money, added to three times B's, being on interest for 4 years at 10 per cent amounts to $4200; how much has each, if three times B's equals A.'s?

8. A lady, wishing to buy some ribbon, found that if she bought that at 10 cents a yard she would want 9 cents to pay for it, but if she bought that at 7 cents a yard she would have 9 cents remaining; how much money had she?

9. A and B lost 32 peaches, and then bought as many as remained, and then had 3-5 as many as at first; how many had each at first, supposing their shares to be as 2 to 3 ?

10. Two-thirds of A's age equals 4-5 of B's age, and the difference between their ages is 10 years; how long since A was 3 times as old as B?

WRITTEN ARITHMETIC.

1. Define the following: Unit, number, fraction, percentage, interest, discount, ratio, involution, evolution.

2. Write two rules for finding simple interest.

3. A gentleman owning of an iron foundry, sold 4-5 of his share for $25702; how much was the whole foundry worth?

4. A farmer's entire crop of barley just filled a bin 10 ft. long, 6 ft. wide and 5 ft. deep. What was its value at $1.78 per cental?

5. Bought merchandise for $2250 cash; for what sum must I draw my note at three months so as to obtain that sum at the bank, interest at 7 per cent?

6. If 30 men can do a piece of work in 11 days, how many men can do another piece of work 4 times as large in 1-5 of the time?

7. How many yards of carpeting 30 inches wide will cover a floor 18 feet by 15 feet, if the strips run lengthwise, and the matching of the figures requires 12 inches to be turued under; and what will be its cost at $1.87% a yard?

8. The capital of an insurance company is $250,000; its receipts for one year are $58,760; its losses and expenses are $40,010. What rate of dividend can be declared?

9. An importer sold cloth to a wholesale dealer at 10 per cent advance; the wholesale dealer sold it to a clothier at 12 per cent advance; the clothier sold it at a further advance of 25 per cent and received $1,452. What did it cost the importer?

10.

In a certain town a tax of $5,000 is to be assessed. There are 500 polls, each assessed 75 cents, and the valuation of the taxable property is $370,000. What will be the rate of property tax, and how much will be A's tax, whose property is valued at $7,500, and who pays for 2 polls?

PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE.

1. (a) State the use of the bones. (b) Of what materials are the bones composed?

2.

3.

(a) Name the organs of digestion. (b) Why should food be taken at regular intervals? (a) What is the blood? (b) Where is the blood found?

4. (a) What is the heart? (b) Where is the heart located?

5.

6.

8.

9.

10.

(a) What are the arteries? (b) Where situated?

Name the organs of breathing.

What are muscles?

Describe the nervous temperament.

How is the nervous temperament affected by the use of alcohol?
What effect has the excessive use of tobacco?

PENMANSHIP.

1. Describe in detail the correct position of holding the pen.

2. Analyze the following letters: g. i, h.

3. Analyze the capital letters: F, M. D.

4.

Write and name the principles employed in the structure of letters. 5. Name the space lines and describe the slant used in penmanship.

GEOGRAPHY.

1. Define: water-shed, isthmus, foothills, cañon, peninsular.

2. Name and locate the capitals of the Middle States.

3. Locate Moscow. Naples, Venice, Brussels, The Hague, London, Glasgow.

4. Name and locate the largest city in each of the Pacific States.

Name the South American States.

5.

6.

On which side of the Andes Mountains are the longest rivers? Why?

8.

What rivers unite to form the Ohio, Missouri, Columbia?

7. Define: latitude, climate, parallel.

9. What two countries of Europe are republics?

10. Name five articles of commerce exported from the United States.

THEORY AND PRACTICE.

1. What do you understand by the term methods, as applied to teaching?

2. Would you have a code of rules and regulations in any school? Why? 3. Would you have written examinations? How often?

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