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CONTENTS.
PRELIMINARY REMARKS,
Directing attention to the Attacks of Socialism and the
Character and Authority of its Modern Representatives
PAGE
1
BOOK I..
RÉSUMÉ OF SOME OF THE LEADING PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL
ECONOMY, SPECIALLY WITH REGARD TO SOCIALISTIC LITERA-
TURE.
CHAPTER I.
Query: Is Labour the source of all Wealth? Definition of
Capital. Production and Consumption. Fundamental
Laws of Political Economy ...
CHAPTER II.
...
10
On Value. Cost and Value in Use. Importance of estimating
Values in practical Economy. Exchange Value. Price.
Deductions from the above in reply to Lassalle's Theory
of reducing all Value to Labour only. Conjunctures in
Trade, and their influence on the Condition of the
Working Classes
20
CHAPTER III.
Property; Private Income; Collective Property. Income
of the Family, and National Property. Importance of
the Family in the Distribution of Wealth...
35
Economic System for combining the Powers of Labour
in Production. Its Isolated Successes no Proof of its
Value as a Universal System
CHAPTER IV.
Transition from Communism to Federalism (or Co-operative
Systems). I. Half Communism, or Socialism proper.
Morelli and Louis Blanc. St. Simon. Bazard. Enfantin.
Fourier and Considérant The Peculiar System of
Fourier considered. II. Half-Liberalism. Its Proposals
considered
xiii
94
112
CHAPTER V.
Economic Federalism. Marlo its first and foremost Repre-
sentative in Germany. Contents and Analysis of his
work: (a) Historical Criticism, containing Notes on
Class Antagonism in France, England, and Germany;
the Social Conditions of Europe and America compared.
(b) Positive and Dogmatical Part. Combination of Pro-
ductive Powers on Federal Principles. Co-operative
Systems, their Advantages and Disadvantages. The
true Nature and Objects of Federalistic Institutions.
Federalism in its Relations to Liberalism and Com-
munism. The Prospects of Federalism
CHAPTER VI.
137
The Leaders of the more recent Socialistic Agitation. Karl
Marx, his Opinions. General Remarks. British Legisla-
tion in the Interests of Factory Labour. Modes of Expro-
priation which the Employers of Labour are said to be
guilty of towards their Dependents. Surplus Value of
Labour appropriated by the Capitalists, both absolutely
and relatively. Normal Day of Labour. Dangerous Ten-
dencies of Capital in influencing the temporal and moral
Well-being of the People. The English Proletarian
classes. Lassalle, as an Agitator. His critical Writings
and positive Proposals considered. Proudhon. Engels... 164
BOOK III.
CONSIDERATIONS ON THE PRINCIPAL ATTACKS OF SOCIALISM, AS
FAR AS THEY AGREE. COMPARISON OF THE VARIOUS Eco-
NOMIC FORMS OF COMBINATION IN SOCIETY. THE POSITION
OCCUPIED BY CAPITAL. SOCIAL POLITICS AND REFORM.
On the Adjustment of Value. The Use of Money. Com-
merce. Conjunctures of Trade, or Crises. Wretched
Condition of the Proletarian Classes. Refutation of
Socialistic Attacks with reference to these Points. The
Function of Commerce and the economic Benefits of
Capitalism considered and compared with the Social
Organization proposed by Socialists. Lassalle's "Fate,"
and what it amounts to. The English Proletarian Classes,
as described by Marx and Engels, according to Official
Reports...
198
Forms of Society founded on the Principles of Capitalism,
Communism, and Christian Love compared. General
Laws of Development in the Formation of Society (Mor-
phology). Federal Forms of Society the latest Develop-
ment. Liberality and Self-devotion in Patriarchal,
Christian, and Humanitarian Socialism. Natural Com-
munity of Goods in the Family. Its Relation to Capi-
talism and public Community of Interests. "Female
Rights." Communistic or public Forms of Society, their
peculiar Conditions and Limits. Five Cases enumerated
where these are applicable. They are not applicable to
the Processes of Commerce and Banking. Lassalle's
Public Credit System refuted. Historically Communistic
Principles are chiefly adapted for Primitive States of
Society, and gradually give way to others in the Process
of Civilization. Their Relation to Capitalism considered.
Aristotle
221
Capitalistic Forms of Industry, Property and Income.
Function of Capital in Production and Distribution.
Comparative View and Analysis of the Different Forms
of Industry: Private, Co-operative, and Combined.
Objective Power of Capital, and Subjective Functions
of the Capitalist, in the various Forms of Industry.
Results of the foregoing Comparison in Favour of the
Co-operative System. Permanent Use of all Forms vin-
dicated. The gradual Morphology of Economic Forms
culminating in Federalism. Income in the Forms of
Interest, Profit, Rent, specially Ground Rent. The
Rights of Property, Private and Collective, not ex-
cluded from the Federal System. Prospects of the
ultimate Triumph of Federal Principles leading to a
better Distribution of Property and Income
Social Politics, the Influences of Civilization and Religion.
Church and State. The Social Duty of the Clergy.
Functions of the State in General. Utopias only reject
State Help. Special Cases requiring State Help in the
Solution of the Social Question. Right of Combination
among the Labourers. Courts of Conciliation. Wages
in Connection with the Equilibrium of Population.
Legal Reforms regarding the Family Rights of Women
and Children. Reform of the Poor Laws. Reduction
of the National Burdens, and Remarks on Taxation
generally
XV
250
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