Author of many voluminous zoological publications, one of the most conspicuous being "The Knowsley Menagerie." Born at Walsall in 1800.

Gurney, Sir Goldsworthy. The inventor of the Bude light, and of applications for ventilating fiery coal-pits and extinguishing fires in them by the steam jet.

Guthe, Hermann. Author of many excellent geographical text-books. Died at Munich, January 29th, 1874, in the fiftieth year of his age.

Hanbury, Daniel. A high authority in the matter of the history and sources of drugs, his "Pharmacographia" being his most important work. Died March 24th, in London, of typhoid fever, at the age of forty-nine.

Hardwicke, Robert. Publisher of many important scientific serial and other works. Died in London, March 8th.

Hays, William J. A prominent American artist, especially skilled in the delineation of wild animals. Died in New York, March 13th, at the age of forty-five.

Head, Sir Francis Bond. A well-known engineer, and at one time Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada. Author of several popular works of travel. Died in July, at the age of eighty-two.

Henwood, William J. A zealous investigator in reference to subterranean temperatures, mineral veins, the conducting power of various rocks, Died in Penzance, August 5th, at the age of seventy-one.

etc.

Kiernan, Francis. An eminent zoologist and anatomist. An examiner for many years of the Royal College of Surgeons. Died December 31st, 1874, in the seventy-fifth year of his age.

Lankester, Dr. Edwin. One of the originators of the British Association. Editor of the Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science. Publisher of many works on natural history, the best known being his “Half Hours with the Microscope." Born in 1814. Died at Margate, of diabetes, October 30th, in his sixty-first year.

Lapham, Dr. Increase A. Prominent as a naturalist, geologist, surveyor, and meteorologist. Founder of the Wisconsin Academy of Natural Sciences and Arts. Author of an important work upon "The Ancient Monuments of Wisconsin." Discoverer of many new species of shells. Born at Palmyra, N. Y., March 7th, 1811. Died at Milwaukee, September 14th, in the sixty-fifth year of his age.

Le Besque, M. The oldest correspondent of the Geometry Section in the Academy of Sciences of Paris. Died at Bordeaux, June 12th.

Le Font, Alexander de. Director of the Arcachon Museum. Distinguished for important discoveries in practical oyster-culture. Died at the age of forty-five.

Logan, Sir William E. An eminent mining engineer and geologist. Chief of the Geological Survey of Canada from 1842 to 1870. Born at Montreal, where he also died, at the age of seventy-eight, June 28th.

Long, Captain Thomas. The first to establish the existence of a large body of land in the Arctic Ocean north of Behring Strait, and called by him Wrangell Land. Died near Honolulu, August 8th.

Lyell, Sir Charles. A veteran in geological science, of which his works were the chief exponents. Published five editions of a work entitled "Principles of Geology," and several others upon the same science; "The Student's Manual of Geology" being a standard text-book. Also author of an important treatise on the "Geological Evidences of the Antiquity of Man." In recognition of his merits he was made the president and medalist of numerous societies. Born November 14th, 1797. Died February 22d, 1875, in the seventy-ninth year of his age.

Mason, Rev. Francis. Born at York, England. Missionary to Burmah in 1830. Author of many valuable works on that country. Died at Rangoon, March 3d, 1874, at the age of seventy-five.

Mathieu, Professor Claude Louis. Oldest member of the Academy of Sciences of Paris. Author of several scientific and literary works, and known especially in connection with the “Annual of the Bureau des Longitudes." Died March 5th, in the ninety-third year of his age.

Mauch, Dr. Carl. Known as an explorer in Africa. Died April 4th, in consequence of a fall from a window.

Maw, Henry L.

source to its mouth.

The first Englishman to explore the Amazon from its
Born in 1801.

McDonald, Dr. William. Professor of Civil and Natural History for twenty-four years in the United Colleges of St. Andrews. Died January 1st, 1875.

Mohamed, Si Abdallah Ben. An eminent Arabian chemist. Died in Algiers, May 11th, at the age of thirty-two.

New, Charles. A missionary, the first person to ascend the snow-clad mountain of Kilima-njaro. Died during an expedition into the interior of Africa.

Nieto, José A. A member of the Entomological Society of France, and a well-known collector of Mexican insects, especially of Coleoptera. Died at Cordova, Mexico.

Oates, Frank. A recent traveler in Africa. Died of fever near the Makalake towns, February 5th, at the age of thirty-five.

Osborn, Admiral Sherrard. A well-known arctic traveler. A volunteer in the search for Sir John Franklin in the expedition of 1849. Entered the service of the Emperor of China in 1862. Returning to England, engaged in building iron-clad vessels. A zealous friend and promoter of arctic research. Born in 1822. Died in London, May 8th, at the age of fifty-three.

Pease, Charles. An amateur naturalist; obtained the first specimen of Dendroica kirtlandia. Member of the Western Union Telegraph expedition to the Yukon River in 1865. Died at Cleveland, June 11th.

Peschel, Dr. Oscar. An eminent German geographer. Editor of Das Ausland for twenty years. Professor in the University of Leipsic. Author of many geographical works. Died in September at Leipsic.

Plath, Dr. Johann Heinrich. An eminent Chinese scholar. Author of many papers on Oriental subjects. Died November 16th, at Munich, at the age of seventy-three.

Reslhuber, Professor. Director of the observatory at Kremsmunster, in Austria. Died in September, in the sixty-eighth year of his age.

Roberts, Edward. An architect and antiquary. Honorary Secretary of the British Archæological Association. Died in October, in the fifty-seventh year of his age.

Roome, James H. A taxidermist and collector of objects of natural history. Died in New York, January 20th, at the age of sixty-five.

Scherer, Carl J. A. T. A well-known mineralogist and metallurgist. Author of many memoirs on chemistry, mineralogy, and geology, as well as upon iron-smelting and the blowpipe. Died at Freiburg, August 20th, at the age of about sixty-two.

Schott, Dr. Arthur. A zealous explorer, especially in Texas, Mexico, and Yucatan, and the Isthmus of Darien, and collector of objects of natural history, and the discoverer of many new species of animals and plants. Died at Georgetown, District of Columbia, July 26th, in the sixty-seventh year of his age.

Schrötter, Professor A. Perpetual Secretary of the Academy of Sciences of Vienna, and Master of the Mint. Author of many important chemical discoveries. Died April 15th, at the age of seventy-three,

Schwabe, H. H. Noted formerly for astronomical researches. Discoverer of the periodicity of the solar spots. Died at Dessau, April 11th, in the eighty-fifth year of his age.

Seguin, Sen., M. Correspondent in the section of Mechanics in the Academy of Sciences of Paris. Died at Annonay, February 24th, in the eighty-ninth year of his age.

Silveria, Conseiller Joaquim Henriques Tradessa Da. Director of the Meteorological Observatory at Lisbon. Died May 21st.

Smirke, Sir E. Distinguished for his knowledge of manorial and territorial rights and customs.

Sundevall, Professor Carl J. Distinguished as an explorer and a naturalist. Author of numerous zoological works. Curator of the National Museum at Stockholm. Born in 1801. Died at the age of seventy-four.

Thuret, M. An eminent French botanist, and a voluminous writer, especially upon the physiology and reproduction of the algae. Died May 10th. Tillman, Professor Samuel D. A zealous student of physical and experimental science. A member and officer of the American Institute of New York. Died September 4th, at the age of seventy-two.

Timbs, John. Editor of "The Year-Book of Facts." Died in London, in March, at an advanced age.

Waldeck, Baron J. F. de. A well-known traveler in Africa and America, and distinguished as an artist. Born in Prague; died in Paris, April 30th, at the age of one hundred and nine!

Walker, Francis. An eminent entomologist, long connected with the British Museum. Author of several works upon the diptera, etc. Died

October 5th.

Webster, Thomas. An eminent patent lawyer of London. Died June 3d, in the sixty-fifth year of his age.

Wheatstone, Sir Charles. Professor of Experimental Philosophy in King's College, London. Discoverer of important practical applications in electrical science. Born in 1802. Died October 20th.

Willis, Professor R. Known as filling the chair of Jackson Professor at Cambridge, England. Died early in March.

Wilson, William Parkinson. Professor of Mathematics in Melbourne University, at which place he died, December 11th, 1874.

Winlock, Professor Joseph. Director of the observatory of Harvard College. Distinguished as an astronomer, and as an inventor of devices for improving the methods and qualities of astronomical manipulation. Died June 11th, at the age of forty-nine.

Zetterstedt, Professor Johann Wilhelm. An eminent Swedish entomologist, for many years Professor of Natural History at Lund. Died at Stockholm.

Q. BIBLIOGRAPHY.

SELECT WORKS ON SCIENCE PUBLISHED DURING 1875. The following list of books relating to the several departments of science contains only the smaller portion of those published during the past year, but, it is believed, embraces the most important. The limitations of the Record preclude an exhaustive bibliographical enumeration or plan; nor, indeed, is this required by readers. Works only have been. introduced that have features of general interest to commend them, especially such as have been more or less favorably noticed in the principal journals devoted to general science, and mention will be found of the places in the several journals where criticisms are contained. These refer ences will serve in lieu of the critical notices which were proposed in the previous volume for the present Record; experience having shown that, in order to do justice to the several works and to ourselves, more space would be required than could be well spared for the purpose.

Whenever the volumes themselves were accessible, the titles and collations have been taken directly from them. In many cases, however, the compiler has been obliged to depend solely on the titles contained in the journals in which the volumes have been noticed, or upon booksellers' announcements. All the scientific works sent to the editor of the Record have been, and will hereafter be enumerated, whether specially noticed in the journals in question or not. The responses to the invitation for the transmission of copies to the editor for notice have been numerous, but many important publications have been withheld. In the interest of accuracy and completeness of enumeration, the editor renews his request for copies of new works for notice in future numbers of the Record's Bibliography.

For the notices of books, those journals have been referred to which are most generally accessible to ordinary readers on account of the nature of their circulation. They are:

(1.) The Academy: a Record of Literature, Science, and Art. London. (Weekly.)