ARTICLE 26

1. Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.

2. Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.

3. Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.

ARTICLE 27

1. Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.

2. Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author.

ARTICLE 28

Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized.

ARTICLE 29

1. Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible.

2. In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society.

3. These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

ARTICLE 30

Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein.

II

The General Assembly, CONSIDERING that the right of petition is an essential human right as is recognized in the constitution of a great number of countries,

HAVING CONSIDERED the draft article on petitions in document A/C.3/306 and the amendments offered thereto by Cuba and France, Decides not to take any action on this matter at the present session; Requests the Economic and Social Council to ask the Commission on Human Rights to give further examination to the problem of petitions when studying the draft Covenant on Human Rights and measures of implementation, in order to enable the General Assembly to consider what further action, if any, should be taken at its next regular session regarding the problem of petitions.

The General Assembly,

III

CONSIDERING that the United Nations cannot remain indifferent to the fate of minorities,

CONSIDERING that it is difficult to adopt a uniform solution of this complex and delicate question, which has special aspects in each State in which it arises,

. CONSIDERING the universal character of the Declaration of Human Rights,

Decides not to deal in a specific provision with the question of minorities in the text of this Declaration;

Refers to the Economic and Social Council the texts submitted by the delegations of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Yugoslavia and Denmark on this subject contained in document A/C.3/307/Rev. 2 and requests the Council to ask the Commission on Human Rights and the Sub-Commission on the Prevention of Discrimination and the Protection of Minorities to make a thorough study of the problem of minorities in order that the United Nations may be able to take effective measures for the protection of racial, national, religious or linguistic minorities.

The General Assembly,

IV

CONSIDERING that the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is an historic act destined to consolidate world peace through the contribution of the United Nations towards the liberation of individuals from the unjustified oppression and constraint to which they are too often subjected,

CONSIDERING that the text of the Declaration should be disseminated among all peoples throughout the world;

1. Recommends Governments of Member States to show their adherence to Article 56 of the Charter by using every means within their power solemnly to publicize the text of the Declaration and to cause it to be disseminated, displayed, read and expounded principally in schools and other educational institutions, without distinction based on the political status of countries or territories;

2. Requests the Secretary-General to have this Declaration widely disseminated and, to that end, to publish and distribute texts, not only in the official languages, but also, using every means at his disposal, in all languages possible;

3. Invites the specialized agencies and non-governmental organizations of the world to do their utmost to bring this Declaration to the attention of their members.

The General Assembly,

V

CONSIDERING that the plan of work of the Commission on Human Rights provides for an International Bill of Human Rights, to include a Declaration, a Covenant on Human Rights and measures of implementation,

Requests the Economic and Social Council to ask the Commission on Human Rights to continue to give priority in its work to the preparation of a draft Covenant on Human Rights and draft measures implementation,

12. Information From Non-Self-Governing Territories

[Acting on the reports of the Secretary-General and of its special committee on information transmitted under article 73 (e) of the Charter, the General Assembly adopted the following four resolutions. The first of these calls upon Members to transmit most recent information; invites the Secretary-General to extend the use of supplemental information and to prepare full summaries of the information in 1949 and thereafter at three-year intervals, together with annual supplements; and retains the existing standard form for the guidance of Members in the preparation of information. The second resolution reconstitutes the special committee on information transmitted under article 73 (e) of the Charter, and the Committee is invited to examine and report on the summaries and analyses of information transmitted under article 73 (e) on the economic, social, and educational conditions in the non-self-governing territories. The third resolution provides for liaison between the Economic and Social Council and the special committee, and the last resolution

825285°-49-15

invites the collaboration of the specialized agencies in matters concerning the non-self-governing territories.

Plenary action was taken on all four resolutions November 3. The first was adopted by a roll-call vote of 41 to 6, with 2 abstentions; the second by 44 to 7; the third by 44 to 0, with 7 abstentions; and the fourth by 44 to 0, with 7 abstentions.]

I

TRANSMISSION OF INFORMATION UNDER ARTICLE 73 e OF THE

The General Assembly,

CHARTER

CONSIDERING that, in the light of experience, resolution 66 (I) adopted by the General Assembly on 14 December 1946 and resolutions 142 (II) and 143 (II) adopted by the General Assembly on 3 November 1947 require adaptation and amplification,

1. Invites the Members transmitting information under Article 73 e of the Charter to send to the Secretary-General the most recent information which is at their disposal, as early as possible and at the latest within a maximum period of six months following the expiration of the administrative year in the territories concerned;

2. Recommends that the Members, in transmitting information on the basis of the Standard Form, should notify such changes in statistics and such other appreciable changes, including the progress achieved in accordance with development programmes, as have occurred in the previous year and as affect the matters covered by Article 73 e of the Charter, bearing in mind that information already furnished on a previous occasion need not be repeated but that reference may be made to the appropriate sources;

3. Invites the Secretary-General to extend the use of supplemental information in future years and considers that, in order to provide a means of assessing the information transmitted under Article 73 e, the Secretary-General should be authorized to include in his summaries and analyses all relevant and comparable official statistical information, within the categories referred to in Article 73 e of the Charter, which has been communicated to the United Nations or to the specialized agencies;

4. Invites the Secretary-General to prepare for the General Assembly, and for any special committee which the General Assembly may appoint:

(a) Full summaries and analyses of the information transmitted during 1949 and thereafter at three-year intervals, showing the progress made over the three-year period in respect of economic, social and educational conditions;

(b) In the intervening years annual supplements, showing such changes in statistics and such other appreciable changes, including information on the progress achieved in accordance with development programmes, as have occurred in the previous year, together with relevant statistics for the previous two years, as well as analyses of different aspects of economic, social and educational conditions to which attention may have been drawn in previous years;

(c) Annual summaries of any material which the Members may have voluntarily transmitted under the optional category of the Standard Form;

5. Invites the Secretary-General to distribute the documents referred to above as far as practicable in accordance with the attached schedule;

6. Decides that the Standard Form for the guidance of Members in the preparation of information should be retained for the coming year, but that the Secretary-General

(a) In communicating this Form to the Members concerned should inform them of the comments made in the Special Committee in connexion with the contents of the Form and the information received; (b) Should endeavour as far as practicable to take account of these comments in the preparation of his summaries and analyses; and (c) Should invite the Members concerned, which have not hitherto provided the general information forming the optional category of the Standard Form, nevertheless to supply such information in relation to the geography, history, people of, and human rights in, the territories concerned.

Schedule

Information received before 1 June: summaries to be communicated by the Secretary-General before 15 July.

Information received in the month of June: summaries to be communicated before 31 July.

Analyses to be communicated by 31 July if practicable, and in any event not later than 15 August.

II

SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON INFORMATION TRANSMITTED UNDER ARTICLE 73 e OF THE CHARTER

The General Assembly,

HAVING CONSIDERED the report of the Special Committee on Information transmitted under Article 73 e of the Charter which was