9. Recommends that Member States and other nations, in establishing their relations with the Government of the Republic of Korea, take into consideration the facts set out in paragraph 2 of the present resolution.

5. Threats to the Political Independence and Territorial Integrity of Greece: Reports of the United Nations Special Committee on the Balkans

[Three resolutions relating to the Greek situation were adopted. The first, after noting the conclusions of the Special Committee on the Balkans to the effect that the Greek guerrillas had continued to receive assistance from Albania, Bulgaria, and Yugoslavia and that this situation constitutes a threat to the political independence and territorial integrity of Greece and to peace in the Balkans, calls upon Albania, Bulgaria, and Yugoslavia to cease any assistance to the guerrillas and to cooperate with Greece and the Special Committee toward the peaceful settlement of the dispute. It further recommends that all Members of the United Nations refrain from any action assisting armed groups fighting against the Greek Government. Finally, it approves the reports of the Special Committee and continues it in existence with its previous functions and those added by the present resolution; the Special Committee is authorized to consult in its discretion with the Interim Committee with respect to the performance of its functions in the light of developments. This resolution was adopted, by a vote of 47 to 6, on November 27.

A second resolution also adopted November 27, by a vote of 53 to 0, recommends the re-establishment of diplomatic relations between Greece and Bulgaria and Albania and the renewal of former, or the conclusion of new, frontier conventions by Greece, Albania, Bulgaria, and Yugoslavia; at the end of six months, the four Governments are to inform the Secretary-General of the fulfilment of the two recommendations.

The third resolution recommends the return to Greece of Greek children away from their homes and provides for implementation of this recommendation by the national Red Cross organizations in consultation with their International Committee. It was adopted unanimously on November 27.1

The General Assembly

I

1. HAVING CONSIDERED the reports of the Special Committee established by General Assembly resolution 109 (II);

2. HAVING NOTED the conclusions of the Special Committee and, in particular, its unanimous conclusion that, despite the aforesaid reso

lution of the General Assembly, "the Greek guerrillas have continued to receive aid and assistance on a large scale from Albania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia, with the knowledge of the Governments of those countries" and that the Greek guerrillas in the frontier zones have, as found by the Special Committee;

(1) "Been largely dependent on external supply. Great quantities of arms, ammunition and other military stores have come across the border, notably during times of heavy fighting. Strongly held positions of the guerrillas have protected their vital supply lines from Bulgaria, Yugoslavia and, in particular, from Albania. In recent months, there has been less evidence of receipt of supplies from Yugoslavia by the guerrillas.

(2) "Frequently moved at will in territory across the frontier for tactical reasons, and have thus been able to concentrate their forces without interference by the Greek Army, and to return to Greece when they wished.

(3) "Frequently retired safely into the territory of Albania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia when the Greek Army exerted great pressure."

3. HAVING NOTED further the conclusions of the Special Committee that a continuation of this situation "constitutes a threat to the political independence and territorial integrity of Greece and to peace. in the Balkans" and "that the conduct of Albania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia has been inconsistent with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations";

4. HAVING NOTED the recommendations submitted by the Special Committee;

5. Considers that the continued aid given by Albania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia to the Greek guerrillas endangers peace in the Balkans, and is inconsistent with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations;

6. Calls upon Albania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia to cease forthwith rendering any assistance or support in any form to the guerrillas in fighting against the Greek Government, including the use of their territories as a base for the preparation or launching of armed action;

7. Again calls upon Albania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia to co-operate with Greece in the settlement of their dispute by peaceful means in accordance with the recommendations contained in resolution 109 (II);

8. Calls upon Albania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia to co-operate with the Special Committee in enabling it to carry out its functions, in particular the functions of being available to assist the Governments concerned in accordance with paragraph 10 (c) of this resolution, and upon Greece to continue to co-operate toward the same end;

9. Recommends to all Members of the United Nations and to all other States that their Governments refrain from any action designed to assist directly or through any other Government any armed group fighting against the Greek Government;

10. Approves the reports of the Special Committee, continues it in being with the functions conferred upon it by resolution 109 (II) and instructs it;

(a) To continue to observe and report on the response of Albania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia to the General Assembly injunction not to furnish aid to the Greek guerrillas in accordance with the General Assembly resolution 109 (II) and the present resolution;

(b) To continue to utilize observation groups with personnel and equipment adequate for the fulfilment of its task;

(c) To continue to be available to assist the Governments of Albania, Bulgaria, Greece and Yugoslavia in the implementation of resolution 109 (II) and of the present resolution; and for this purpose in its discretion to appoint, and utilize the services and good offices of, one or more persons whether or not members of the Special Committee;

11. Decides that the Special Committee shall have its principal headquarters in Greece, and with the co-operation of the Government or Governments concerned, shall perform its functions in such places as it may deem appropriate for the fulfilment of its mission;

12. Authorizes the Special Committee to consult, in its discretion, with the Interim Committee (if it is continued) with respect to the performance of its functions in the light of developments;

13. Requests the Secretary-General to provide the Special Committee with adequate staff and facilities to enable it to perform its functions.

II

The General Assembly

Recommends that Greece, on the one hand, and Bulgaria and Albania, on the other, establish diplomatic relations with each other, the absence of which is harmful to the relations between these countries; Recommends the Governments of Greece, Albania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia to renew the previously operative conventions for the settlement of frontier questions or to conclude new ones, and also to settle the question of refugees in the spirit of mutual understanding and the establishment of good neighbor relations;

Furthermore recommends the Governments of Greece, Albania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia to inform the Secretary-General of the United

Nations at the end of six months, for communication to Member States of the United Nations, of the fulfilment of the above-mentioned recommendations.

III

The General Assembly

Recommends the return to Greece of Greek children at present away from their homes when the children, their father or mother or, in his or her absence, their closest relative, express a wish to that effect;

Invites all the Members of the United Nations and other States on whose territory these children are to be found to take the necessary measures for implementation of the present recommendation;

Instructs the Secretary-General to request the International Committee of the Red Cross and the League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies to organize and ensure liaison with the national Red Cross organizations of the States concerned with a view to empowering the national Red Cross organizations to adopt measures in the respective countries for implementing the present recommendation.

6. Advisability of Establishing a Permanent Committee of the General Assembly

[After affirming the necessity of continuing the Interim Committee to insure the effective performance of the duties of the General Assembly in relation to matters concerning the maintenance of international peace and security, the promotion of international cooperation in the political field, and the peaceful adjustment of any situation likely to impair friendly relations among nations, this resolution re-establishes the Interim Committee experimentally for another year. The duties of the Interim Committee are to include, among others, such matters as are referred to it by the General Assembly; any disputes or situations determined to be both important and requiring preliminary study; further study of the general principles of international cooperation in the maintenance of international peace and security; and the question of convening special sessions of the General Assembly. It is to report on its experience to the next regular Assembly session. Finally, it is given authority to request advisory opinions of the International Court of Justice on legal questions arising within the scope of its responsibilities.

This resolution was adopted December 3 by a vote of 40 to 6, with one abstention.]

The General Assembly,

HAVING TAKEN NOTE of the report submitted to it by the Interim Committee on the advisability of establishing a permanent committee of the General Assembly,

AFFIRMING that, for the effective performance of the duties specifically conferred upon the General Assembly by the Charter in relation to matters concerning the maintenance of international peace and security (Articles 11 and 35), the promotion of international co-operation in the political field (Article 13), and the peaceful adjustment of any situation likely to impair the general welfare or friendly relations among nations (Article 14), it is necessary to continue the Interim Committee for the purpose of considering such matters further and reporting with its conclusions to the General Assembly,

RECOGNIZING fully the primary responsibility of the Security Council for prompt and effective action for the maintenance of international peace and security (Article 24),

Resolves that

1. There shall be re-established for the period between the closing of the present session and the opening of the next regular session of the General Assembly an Interim Committee on which each Member of the General Assembly shall have the right to appoint one representative;

2. The Interim Committee, as a subsidiary organ of the General Assembly established in accordance with Article 22 of the Charter, shall assist the General Assembly in the performance of its functions by discharging the following duties:

(a) To consider and report with its conclusions to the General Assembly on such matters as may be referred to it by or under the authority of the General Assembly;

(b) To consider and report, with its conclusions, to the General Assembly on any dispute or any situation which, in virtue of Articles 11, (paragraph 2), 14 or 35 of the Charter, has been proposed for inclusion in the agenda of the General Assembly by any Member of the United Nations, or by any non-member State under Articles 11 (paragraph 2) or 35, or brought before the General Assembly by the Security Council, provided the Committee previously determines the matter to be both important and requiring preliminary study. Such determination shall be made by a majority of two-thirds of the members present and voting, unless the matter is one referred to the General Assembly by the Security Council, in which case a simple majority will suffice;

(c) To consider systematically, using as a starting point the recommendations and studies of the Interim Committee contained in docu