ACTIVITIES OF UNITED STATES CITIZENS EMPLOYED BY THE UNITED NATIONS SECOND REPORT OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE TO INVESTIGATE THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE INTERNAL SECURITY ACT AND OTHER INTERNAL SECURITY LAWS TO THE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY EIGHTY-THIRD CONGRESS SECOND SESSION ON ACTIVITIES OF UNITED STATES CITIZENS EMPLOYED 43351 MARCH 22, 1954 Printed for the use of the Committee on the Judiciary UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1954 COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY WILLIAM LANGER, North Dakota, Chairman ALEXANDER WILEY, Wisconsin JOHN MARSHALL BUTLER, Maryland PAT MCCARRAN, Nevada SUBCOMMITTEE TO INVESTIGATE THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE INTERNAL SECURITY ACT AND OTHER INTERNAL SECURITY LAWS WILLIAM E. JENNER, Indiana, Chairman ARTHUR V. WATKINS, Utah JOHN MARSHALL BUTLER, Maryland PAT MCCARRAN, Nevada ROBERT MORRIS, Chief Counsel until December 31, 1958 ROBERT CRUISE MCMANUS, Staff Member b. Eugene Wallach-An open Communist Party member.. c. Jack Sargent Harris..... The subcommittee accepts a challenge.. Refuses to answer. State Department employment.. Conflict among State Department officials. d. David Zablodowsky... Connection with Communist underground. 30 30 31 32 33 33 34 35 35 36 37 37 39 40 40 41 42 43 43 SECTION I SUMMARY OF THE FACTS 1. The Weintraub-Kaplan axis On May 15, 1952, David Weintraub appeared before the Internal Security Subcommittee in connection with its inquiry into the Institute of Pacific Relations. Weintraub was at that time Director of Economic Stability and Development, Department of Economic Affairs, United Nations. He had been an official of the United States Government over a period of years extending from 1933 to 1943. In 1943, he became adviser to Director General Herbert H. Lehman at the first council session of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration in Atlantic City, and was subsequently employed, 1945-46, by the UNRRA Secretariat. Weintraub joined the Secretariat of the United Nations in 1946. Weintraub was summoned in May of 1952 for questioning about his attendance at a discussion group on United Nations cooperation, which was held under the auspieces of the Institute of Pacific Relations. He was also questioned regarding the fact that he had given U. N. assignments to Owen Lattimore.1 During Weintraub's testimony it developed that he had been closely associated with many United States Government employees who had been accused in sworn testimony of participation in the Communist underground conspiracy. A substantial number of these had worked under Weintraub when he was Director of the National Research Project of the Works Progress Administration. One such was Irving Kaplan, who had been Associate Director with Weintraub at the National Research Project. In May of 1952 Kaplan was employed under Weintraub at the United Nations. Mr. SOURWINE. Did you have anything to do with his employment by the United Nations? Mr. WEINTRAUB. Yes. (IPR, pt. 13, p. 4630.) Kaplan was called to the stand. He had previously been identified by both Whittaker Chambers and Elizabeth Bentley as a seasoned Communist conspirator.2 Miss Bentley, in fact, said he was one of those who gave her stolen Government documents for delivery to the Soviets. Kaplan refused to answer 244 questions regarding his Communist activities. Here is a sample of his testimony. Mr. SOUR WINE. Are you now engaged in an active conspiracy to overthrow the United States Government by force and violence? 1 The subcommittee ultimately found that "The IPR has been considered by the American Communist Party and by Soviet officials as an instrument of Communist policy, propaganda, and military intelligence" (IPR Report, p. 223). It also found that "Owen Lattimore was, from some time beginning in the 1930's, a conscious articulate instrument of the soviet conspiracy" (ibid., p. 224). J. Edgar Hoover, Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, gave this characterization of Miss Bentley when he appeared before the subcommittee on November 17, 1953: "All information furnished by Miss Bentley, which was susceptible to check, has proven to be correct. She has been subjected to the most searching of cross-examinations; her testimony has been evaluated by juries and reviewed by the courts and has been found to be accurate." " |