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(8) Smuggling Of smugglers, transporters, harborers of aliens, looking to their identification, apprehension, and criminal prosecution.

(h) Alien Registration and Address Report Prosecution Looking to possible
prosecution for violation of the provisions relating to false or fraudu-
lent alien registration, or noncompliance with any of the registration
or address reporting requirements of the law.

for violation of criminal provisions of the immigration and nationality laws and relating statutes, other than those mentioned above.

(1) Private Bill In connection with private bills introduced in Congress for immigration or nationality relief.

(k) Abscondees To locate aliens who have failed to respond to Service process or notice to appear.

To determine eligi

(1) Character Investigation (Other than Naturalization)
bility for relief from deportation, or for some other adjustment of
immigration status.

(m) Miscellaneous

Of matters not comprehended by preceding classifications
(such as those relating to personnel, automobile accidents, and approval
of schools for nonimmigrant alien students).

(4) Search:

To locate, without leads, aliens who are in the United States in wilful violation
of law. (Unit measurement is based upon deportable aliens located under these
conditions.)

Orders to Show Cause.

Orders to Show Cause are the basic documents on which deportation proceedings are com-
menced. Applications for Orders to Show Cause are made when it is determined there is
a prima facie cause for deportation. On the basis of these applications investigators,

B.

assisted by clerical personnel, process the actual issuance of the Orders to Show Cause and arrange to have them served on the aliens.

C.

Examining Officer:

This activity covers the appearance of investigators in deportation proceedings to
represent the government and present the government's case to the Special Inquiry
Officer who presides at the deportation hearing.

Record Checks:

This activity represents the review of files or records other than Service records,
made by representatives of the Service. Such records include birth or death records,
court records, and police criminal records. It also includes routine checks made with
other government agencies, usually by form letter.

The bulk of record checks are made by clerical personnel. Investigators while trav-
eling away from the office make necessary record checks in outlying areas. They also
make record checks requiring research, or careful scrutiny, such as in cases where there
is reason to believe a record may have been created through fraud or misrepresentation.
Liaison and Informant Development:

This is a continuing operation not subject to unit count in which investigators seek
out and cultivate persons who can furnish useful information and leads concerning
violators of the immigration and nationality laws, particularly in the subversive,
criminal, immoral, narcotic and deserting crewmen fields.

Prosecution and Litigation:

Investigative activity assisting United States Attorneys in criminal prosecutions
and court litigation activities involving the Service such as denaturalization suits
or habeas corpus and declaratory judgment actions. This work is not susceptible to

unit measurement.

G.

Surveillance:

I. Related Investigative Matters:

Previous Year Performance

Utilization of Manpower. During the year, investigators and supervisors were reassigned at
locations and duties consonant with operational requirements necessary to achieve objectives of
the investigations program. In addition, rotations of personnel were effected as necessary not
only to accomplish objectives but to effect on-the-job training.

The assignment of approximately 30% of the force to search investigations was continued. As

a result, 7,667 deportable aliens were located. This activity increased the effectiveness of
Service controls over illegal entries by deserting crewmen and stowaways and, in addition, resulted
in the early location and expulsion of aliens who would otherwise remain in the United States
illegally long enough to acquire statutory privileges which would defeat expulsion.

High priorities of manpower were directed to investigations of subversives and criminal ele-
ments amenable to Service proceedings. The increase in investigations involving fraudulent
documents to gain admission to the United States received particular attention. The rise in the
number of such investigations required an increase of investigators assigned to that type of work.
Liaison with other law enforcement agencies, an indispensable media for effective investi-
gations, continues to receive attention. The exchange and receipt of information from other agencies
at all levels and from individual informants played a vital role in the achievement of our objectives.

Despite particular emphasis directed to various types of investigations and the fact that receipts of new cases were well above the number anticipated, a relatively current workload was The pending figure was held down through completion of 56,600 investigations during the

maintained.

fiscal year 1961.

Anti-Crime Operations.

One of the major Service investigative programs is the exclusion and

deportation of aliens and the denaturalization of naturalized citizens involved in criminal,
immoral, or narcotic activities. During the fiscal year 1961, 6,785 investigations of this type
during the year of 677 aliens of this group.
were completed. The impact of the manpower assigned to these cases is reflected in the deportation

of the criminal, immoral, and narcotic element, the racketeer has been and continues to be the
would receive irreparable damage.
prime target since, with his removal, the lesser criminals whose interests are dependent upon him
However, both in the denaturalization and deportation processes
impediments exist to effective enforcement. Denaturalization has been and continues to be diffi-
cult in the face of the stringent requirement imposed by the courts. The deportation process
although expeditious is frustrated by the alien's resort to judicial procedures designed solely to
delay or obstruct the execution of the deportation orders entered.

After years of litigation, on February 20, 1961, the United States Supreme Court affirmed the
currently for income tax evasion.
denaturalization of Frank Costello, who has just completed serving two five-year sentences con-
Costello's appeal from a deportation order by the Service is

currently pending before the Board of Immigration Appeals.