deserve a reverence belonging unto them, by virtue of the consecration, though they do not represent any Saint, and so an adoration is due unto the image dedicated by virtue of the dedication, besides the reason of the representation.' The Jesuits however have not been content with idolatry as practised in the Church of Rome. They have openly sanctioned heathen idolatry, especially in China. Let us hear what the Bishop of Angelopolis says of this matter in his letter to Pope Innocent X., dated 8th January, 1649:

'The whole Church (says he) publicly laments that it has been rather seduced than instructed in China by what the Jesuits have taught respecting the faith: they have kept the Cross of the Saviour out of sight, and authorized customs absolutely pagan: instead of Christianizing Idolaters, they have heathenized Christians they have united God and Belial at the same table, in the same temple, at the same altar, and in the same sacrifices in fact Idols are worshipped in that nation under the mask of Christianity, or rather the purity of our holy faith is polluted under the mask of Idolatry. They have not only permitted the new Converts to frequent the temples, where Idols are adored, but to take part in the abominable sacrifices which are offered to them ;-nay, they themselves offer sacrifices to the Idols, prostrate themselves before them, present incense to them, and erect the Cross in the same temple with Dagon; the Idolatry of such rites being evaded by a pretext of the Jesuits, directing the inward attention of the worshipper to a Cross which is carried in secret, at the same time that exterior

The Society of Jesus was formidable in the very commencement of its career. "It rose above the horizon, like an awful comet, which scatters terror among the nations." It came " up out of the earth, having two horns like a Lamb, but it spake like a Dragon." No sooner had the Comet risen above the horizon, than it scattered terror among the nations! No sooner had "the Beast" made his appearance above ground than his Dragon-Voice was heard!

A Beast denotes in Scripture a tyrannical idolatrous Empire. With respect to the idolatry of the Jesuits, it will be sufficient to observe that they most strenuously defend, and most assiduously inculcate the worst and most idolatrous doctrines of Popery. The worship of the Virgin, the adoration of Saints and Angels, the worship of Images, the doctrine of Transubstantiation, the sacrifice of the Mass, the existence of Purgatory, the use of Indulgences, these are tenets which Jesuits advocate. Father Paul informs us that in the Council of Trent there was some difference of opinion about the adoration of Images. The Archbishop of Lauciano said, no honour was due unto them, but by relation to the thing signified. But Laynez, the General of the Jesuits, who also was one of the Composers, added, that, when they were dedicated, and put in place of adoration, a worship did belong unto them, besides the adoration due unto the Saint worshipped in them, calling this Adoration Relative and the other Objective. He proved his opinion, because the vestments and vessels consecrated

deserve a reverence belonging unto them, by virtue of the consecration, though they do not represent any Saint, and so an adoration is due unto the image dedicated by virtue of the dedication, besides the reason of the representation.' The Jesuits however have not been content with idolatry as practised in the Church of Rome. They have openly sanctioned heathen idolatry, especially in China. Let us hear what the Bishop of Angelopolis says of this matter in his letter to Pope Innocent X., dated 8th January, 1649 :

:

'The whole Church (says he) publicly laments that it has been rather seduced than instructed in China by what the Jesuits have taught respecting the faith : they have kept the Cross of the Saviour out of sight, and authorized customs absolutely pagan: instead of Christianizing Idolaters, they have heathenized Christians they have united God and Belial at the same table, in the same temple, at the same altar, and in the same sacrifices in fact Idols are worshipped in that nation under the mask of Christianity, or rather the purity of our holy faith is polluted under the mask of Idolatry. They have not only permitted the new Converts to frequent the temples, where Idols are adored, but to take part in the abominable sacrifices which are offered to them ;-nay, they themselves offer sacrifices to the Idols, prostrate themselves before them, present incense to them, and erect the Cross in the same temple with Dagon; the Idolatry of such rites being evaded by a pretext of the Jesuits, directing the inward attention of the worshipper to a Cross which is carried in secret, at the same time that exterior

worship is offered to the Idol.'-'No other Ecclesiastical Order ever departed so widely from the true principles of the Christian religion. It has been seen, that, instead of teaching the new Converts as they ought, the new Converts have inveigled their Teachers into Idolatry, and have induced them to embrace a worship and customs which are detestable; so that the fish has not been taken by the angler, but the angler by the fish.' (Hist. of Jesuits, Vol. i. p. 72.)

So much for the Idolatry of the Jesuits. Now for their Tyranny. This is well described by the author of the History of the Jesuits.'

The Institution is a universal conspiracy against the rights of Bishops, Rectors, Universities, Corporate Bodies, Princes, Magistrates, and every power both spiritual and temporal! the exorbitant privileges with which they have clothed themselves are only fit to overturn every state, and to spread distress and confusion in all places. It is decided by the Bulls, that the government of the Society is purely monarchical, and it will appear that, from the origin of their establishment, the Jesuits have proposed to swallow up all other orders, authorities and possessions: in a word, to concentrate all power in the Society, and to become UNIVERSAL MONARCHS.' (Idem. p. 378.)

THE distinguishing characteristic of Jesuitism is duplicity. It is the soul of the system. It pervades the laws, is mingled with the regulations and infused into the entire constitution of the Society. The Beast is known by his double horn.

The Society answers the description of SALLUST, cujuslibet rei simulator et dissimulator.' There is duplicity in the Institute itself.

'Like Proteus, the

Jesuits can change their forms, and their laws at pleasure; and yielding to the paramount sense of their own interest, they can have a particular Institute for one place or for one season, and a directly opposite one for a different place and a different season.' (Hist. of Jesuits, chap. xxvi.) There is duplicity in the vows of poverty and obedience, which are taken by all Jesuits. The vow of poverty does not prevent the enjoyment of property: the forbidding all accumulation does not prevent, if the Society should see fit, the acquisition of fresh property.