(3) should ensure that recipients of microenterprise development assistance under such title do not expend an unreasonably large percentage of such assistance on administrative costs; (4) should not use recipients of microenterprise development assistance under such title to carry out critical management functions of the Agency, including functions such as strategy development or overall management of programs in a country; and (5) should consult with the appropriate congressional committees with respect to the implementation of title VI of chapter 2 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act. SEC. 8. REPEALS. (a) FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1961.-Section 131 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2152a) is hereby repealed. (b) PUBLIC LAW 108–31. (1) IN GENERAL.-Section 4 of Public Law 108-31 (22 U.S.C. 2151f note) is amended by striking subsection (b). (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.-Section 4 of Public Law 10831 is amended by striking "(a)" and all that follows through "Not later" and inserting "Not later". SEC. 9.9 REFERENCES. Any reference in a law, regulation, agreement, or other document of the United States to section 108, 131, or 132 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to be a reference to subtitle B of title VI of chapter 2 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, subtitle A of title VI of chapter 2 of part I of such Act, or subtitle C of title VI of chapter 2 of part I of such Act, respectively. 922 U.S.C. 2211 note. (2) Microenterprise Report to Congress Partial text of Public Law 108-31 [H.R. 192], 117 Stat. 775, approved June 17, 2003; amended by Public Law 108-484 [Microenterprise Results and Accountability Act of 2004; H.R. 3818], 118 Stat. 3922, approved December 23, 2004 AN ACT To amend the Microenterprise for Self-Reliance Act of 2000 and the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to increase assistance for the poorest people in developing countries under microenterprise assistance programs under those Acts, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. AMENDMENTS TO THE MICROENTERPRISE FOR SELF-RELIANCE ACT OF 2000. ***1 SEC. 2. AMENDMENTS TO THE MICRO- AND SMALL ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT CREDITS PROGRAM UNDER THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1961. * * *2 SEC. 3. AMENDMENTS TO THE MICROENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT GRANT ASSISTANCE PROGRAM UNDER THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1961. * * *2 SEC. 4.3 REPORT TO CONGRESS. Not later than September 30, 2005, the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development shall submit to Congress a report that documents the process of developing and applying poverty assessment procedures with its partners. 1Sec. 1 amendments have been incorporated into the Microenterprise for Self-Reliance Act of 2000; see Legislation on Foreign Relations Through 2004, vol. I-B. 2 Secs. 2 and 3 amendments have been incorporated into the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. 322 U.S.C. 2151f note. Sec. 8(b) of the Microenterprise Results and Accountability Act of 2004 Public Law 108-484; 118 Stat. 3922) struck out subsec. (b) and removed subsec. designation a). Subsec. (b) required an annual report of the Administrator of USAID on compliance with the Microenterprise for Self-Reliance Act of 2000. h. United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Public Law 108-25 [H.R. 1298], 117 Stat. 711, approved May 27, 2003; amended by Public Law 108–199 [Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2004; H.R. 2673], 118 Stat. 3 at 143, approved January 23, 2004 AN ACT To provide assistance to foreign countries to combat HIV/AIDS, Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1.1 SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. (a) SHORT TITLE.-This Act may be cited as the "United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003". (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.-The table of contents for this Act is as follows: Sec. 101. Development of a comprehensive, five-year, global strategy 573 577 TITLE II-SUPPORT FOR MULTILATERAL FUNDS, PROGRAMS, AND PUBLICPRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS Sec. 201. Sense of Congress on public-private partnerships 579 Sec. 202. Participation in the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and 580 Sec. 304. Pilot program for the placement of health care professionals in overseas areas severely affected by HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria Sec. 305. Report on treatment activities by relevant executive branch agencies 587 589 Sec. 306. Strategies to improve injection safety Sec. 307. Study on illegal diversions of prescription drugs 589 590 Sec. 313. Annual reports on prevention of mother-to-child transmission of the HIV infection 592 Sec. 314. Pilot program of assistance for children and families affected by 592 Sec. 404. Assistance from the United States private sector to prevent and reduce HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa 598 TITLE V-INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS Sec. 501. Modification of the Enhanced HIPC Initiative SEC. 2.2 FINDINGS. Congress makes the following findings: 598 600 601 (1) During the last 20 years, HIV/AIDS has assumed pandemic proportions, spreading from the most severely affected regions, sub-Saharan Africa and the Caribbean, to all corners of the world, and leaving an unprecedented path of death and devastation. (2) According to the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), more than 65,000,000 individuals worldwide have been infected with HIV since the epidemic began, more than 25,000,000 of these individuals have lost their lives to the disease, and more than 14,000,000 children have been orphaned by the disease. HIV/AIDS is the fourth-highest cause of death in the world. (3)(A) At the end of 2002, an estimated 42,000,000 individuals were infected with HIV or living with AIDS, of which more than 75 percent live in Africa or the Caribbean. Of these individuals, more than 3,200,000 were children under the age of 15 and more than 19,200,000 were women. (B) Women are four times more vulnerable to infection than are men and are becoming infected at increasingly high rates, in part because many societies do not provide poor women and young girls with the social, legal, and cultural protections against high risk activities that expose them to HIV/AIDS. (C) Women and children who are refugees or are internally displaced persons are especially vulnerable to sexual exploitation and violence, thereby increasing the possibility of HIV infection. (4) As the leading cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa, AIDS has killed more than 19,400,000 individuals (more than 3 times the number of AIDS deaths in the rest of the world) and will claim the lives of one-quarter of the population, mostly adults, in the next decade. (5) An estimated 2,000,000 individuals in Latin America and the Caribbean and another 7,100,000 individuals in Asia and the Pacific region are infected with HIV or living with AIDS. Infection rates are rising alarmingly in Eastern Europe (especially in the Russian Federation), Čentral Asia, and China. 222 U.S.C. 7601. (6) HIV/AIDS threatens personal security by affecting the health, lifespan, and productive capacity of the individual and the social cohesion and economic well-being of the family. (7) HIV/AIDS undermines the economic security of a country and individual businesses in that country by weakening the productivity and longevity of the labor force across a broad array of economic sectors and by reducing the potential for economic growth over the long term. (8) HIV/AIDS destabilizes communities by striking at the most mobile and educated members of society, many of whom are responsible for security at the local level and governance at the national and subnational levels as well as many teachers, health care personnel, and other community workers vital to community development and the effort to combat HIV/AIDS. In some countries the overwhelming challenges of the HIV/ AIDS epidemic are accelerating the outward migration of critically important health care professionals. (9) HIV/AIDS weakens the defenses of countries severely affected by the HIV/AIDS crisis through high infection rates among members of their military forces and voluntary peacekeeping personnel. According to UNAIDS, in sub-Saharan Africa, many military forces have infection rates as much as five times that of the civilian population. (10) HIV/AIDS poses a serious security issue for the international community by (A) increasing the potential for political instability and economic devastation, particularly in those countries and regions most severely affected by the disease; (B) decreasing the capacity to resolve conflicts through the introduction of peacekeeping forces because the environments into which these forces are introduced pose a high risk for the spread of HIV/AIDS; and (C) increasing the vulnerability of local populations to HIV/AIDS in conflict zones from peacekeeping troops with HIV infection rates significantly higher than civilian populations. (11) The devastation wrought by the HIV/AIDS pandemic is compounded by the prevalence of tuberculosis and malaria, particularly in developing countries where the poorest and most vulnerable members of society, including women, children, and those individuals living with HIV/AIDS, become infected. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria accounted for more than 5,700,000 deaths in 2001 and caused debilitating illnesses in millions more. (12) Together, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and related diseases are undermining agricultural production throughout Africa. According to the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization, 7,000,000 agricultural workers throughout 25 African countries have died from AIDS since 1985. Countries with poorly developed agricultural systems, which already face chronic food shortages, are the hardest hit, particularly in subSaharan Africa, where high HIV prevalence rates are |