uralization matters annually and as otherwise required, (37 Stat. 737; 8 U. S. C. 353.)

VALIDATION OF NATURALIZATION RECORDS

(Act approved June 23, 1913) SEO. 4. That all of the records relating to naturalization or declarations of intention to become citizens of the United States and all certificates of naturalization filed, recorded, or issued prior to an Act to validate certain certificates of naturalization approved June twenty-ninth, nineteen hundred and six, in or from the county court of Davidson County, Tennessee, shall for all purposes be deemed to be and to have been made, filed, recorded, or issued by a court with jurisdiction to naturalize aliens, but shall not be by this Act further validated or legalized. (38 Stat. 75.)

VALIDATION OF DECLARATIONS OF INTENTION

[Act approved August 11, 1916) That declarations of intention to become citizens of the United States filed prior to the passage of this Act in the counties of Cascade, Chouteau, Teton, Hill, Blaine, and Valley, State of Montana, under the Act approved June twenty-ninth, nineteen hundred and six, entitled “An Act to establish a Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization and to provide for a uniform rule for the naturalization of aliens throughout the United States," as amended by the Acts of March fourth, nineteen hundred and nine, June twentyfifth, nineteen hundred and ten, and March fourth, nineteen hundred and thirteen, are hereby declared to be as legal and valid as if such declarations of intention had been filed in the judicial district in which the declarants resided, as required by section four of said Act of June twenty-ninth, nineteen hundred and six, and that the petitions for naturalization dismissed on account of such invalidity in the declaration of intention shall be given a rehearing without additional cost, upon informal application therefor by the candidate for citizenship to the clerk of court upon notice to the Immigration and Naturalization Service: Provided, That such declarations of intention shall not be by this Act further validated or legalized and that this Act shall apply only to those persons who have heretofore made homestead, desert land, or timber and stone entries. (39 Stat. 505.)

PHILIPPINE CITIZENSHIP

(Act approved August 29, 1916) * SEC. 2. That all inhabitants of the Philippine Islands who were Spanish subjects on the eleventh day of April, eighteen hundred and ninety-nine, and then resided in said islands, and their children born subsequent thereto, shall be deemed and held to be citizens of the Philippine Islands, except such as shall have elected to preserve their allegiance to the Crown of Spain in accordance with the provisions of the treaty of peace between the United

Superseded Act of March 23, 1912 (37 Stat. 77), amending sec. 4, Act of July 1, 1902 (32 Stat. 692). See footnote 21 to Act of July 1, 1902, as amended by Act of March 23, 1912, p. 460.

States and Spain, signed at Paris December tenth, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, and except such others as have since become citizens of some other country: Provided, That the Philippine Legislature, herein provided for, is hereby authorized to provide by law for the acquisition of Philippine citizenship by those natives of the Philippine Islands who do not come within the foregoing provisions, the natives of the insular possessions of the United States, and such other persons residing in the Philippine Islands who are citizens of the United States, or who could become citizens of the United States under the laws of the United States if residing therein. (39 Stat. 546; 48 U.S. C. 1002.)

CERTAIN PUERTO RICAN CITIZENS DEEMED CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES (Act approved March 2, 1917, as added to by Acts of March 4, 1927, June 27, 1934, and

May 16, 1938) ** Sec. 5. That all citizens of Puerto Rico, as defined by section seven of the Act of April twelfth, nineteen hundred, “temporarily to provide revenues and a civil government for Puerto Rico, and for other purposes," and all natives of Puerto Rico, who were tempo

» rarily absent from that island on April eleventh, eighteen hundred and ninety-nine, and have since returned and are permanently residing in that island, and are not citizens of any foreign country, are hereby declared, and shall be deemed and held to be, citizens of the United States: Provided, That any person hereinbefore described may retain his present political status by making a declaration, under oath, of his decision to do so within six months of the taking effect of this Act before the district court in the district in which he resides, the declaration to be in form as follows:

"I, , being duly sworn, hereby declare my intention not to become a citizen of the United States as provided in the Act of Congress conferring United States citizenship upon citizens of Puerto Rico and certain natives permanently residing in said island.”

In the case of any such person who may be absent from the island during said six months the term of this proviso may be availed of by transmitting a declaration, under oath, in the form herein provided within six months of the taking effect of this Act to the executive secretary of Puerto Rico; And provided further, That any person who is born in Puerto Rico of an alien parent and is permanently residing in that island may, if of full age, within six months of the taking effect of this Act, or if a minor, upon reaching his majority or within one year thereafter, make a sworn declaration of allegiance to the United States before the United States District Court for Puerto Rico, setting forth therein all the facts connected with his or her birth and residence in Puerto Rico and accompanying due proof thereof, and from and after the making of such declaration shall be considered to be a citizen of the United States. (39 Stat. 953; 8 U.S. C. 5.)

“Sec. 5a. That all citizens of the United States who have resided or who shall hereafter reside in the island for one year shall be

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citizens of Puerto Rico; Provided, That persons born in Puerto Rico of alien parents, referred to in the last paragraph of section 5, who did not avail themselves of the privilege granted to them of becoming citizens of the United States, shall have a period of one year from the approval of this Act to make the declaration provided for in the aforesaid section: And provided further, That persons who elected to retain the political status of citizens of Puerto Rico may within one year after the passage of this Act become citizens of the United States upon the same terms and in the same manner as is provided for the naturalization of native Puerto Ricans born of foreign parents.” (44 Stat. 1418-1419; 8 U.S. C. 5a.) 4

“Sec. 5b. All persons born in Puerto Rico on or after April 11, 1899 (whether before or after the effective date of this Act), and not citizens, subjects, or nationals of any foreign power, are hereby declared to be citizens of the United States: Provided, That this Act shall not be construed as depriving any person, native of Puerto Rico, of his or her American citizenship heretofore otherwise lawfully acquired by such person; or to extend such citizenship to persons who shall have renounced or lost it under the treaties and/or laws of the United States or who are now residing permanently abroad and are citizens or subjects of a foreign country: And provided further, That any woman, native of Puerto Rico and permanently residing therein, who, prior to March 2, 1917, had lost her American nationality by reason of her marriage to an alien eligible to citizenship, or by reason of the loss of the United States citizenship by her husband, may be naturalized under the provisions of section 4 of the Act of September 22, 1922, entitled 'An Act relative to the naturalization and citizenship of married women,' as amended.” (48 Stat. 1245; 48 U.S. C. 733b.) 85

“Sec. 5c. That any person of good character, attached to the principles of the Constitution of the United States, and well disposed to the good order and happiness of the United States, and born in Puerto Rico on or after April 11, 1899, who has continued to reside within the jurisdiction of the United States, whose father elected on or before April 11, 1900, to preserve his allegiance to the Crown of Spain in accordance with the provisions of the treaty of peace between the United States and Spain entered into on April 11, 1899, and who, by reason of misinformation regarding his or her own citizenship status failed within the time limits prescribed by section 5 or section 5a hereof to exercise the privilege of establishing United States citizenship and has heretofore erroneously but in good faith exercised the rights and privileges and performed the duties of a citizen of the United States, and has not personally sworn allegiance to any foreign government or ruler upon or after attainment of majority, may make a sworn declaration of allegiance to the United States before any United States district court. Such declaration shall set forth facts concerning his or her birth in Puerto Rico, good character, attachment to the principles of the Constitution of the United States, and being well disposed to the good order and happiness of the United States, residence within the

jurisdiction of the United States, and misinformation regarding United States citizenship status, and shall be accompanied by proof thereof satisfactory to the court. After making such declaration and submitting such proofs, such person shall be admitted to take the oath of allegiance before the court, and thereupon shall be considered a citizen of the United States." (52 Stat. 377; 8 U. S. C. 5a-1.) se

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and so marked: Provided further, That if any person shall make use of such indorsement to avoid payment of postage or registry fee on his or her private letter, package, or other matter in the mail, the person so offending shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and subject to a fine of $300, to be prosecuted in any court of competent jurisdiction. (40 Stat. 376; 39 U. S. C. 324.)

NATURALIZATION OF PERSONS WITH MILITARY SERVICE; CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION; NATURALIZATION OTHER SPECIAL CLASSES OF PERSONS; ALIEN ENEMIES; ETC.

[Act approved May 9, 1918]

SEC. 1. That section four of the Act entitled "An Act to establash a Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization and to provide a uniform rule for the naturalization of aliens throughout the United States," approved June twenty-ninth, nineteen hundred and six, be, and is hereby, amended by adding seven new subdivisions as follows:

"Seventh. Any native-born Filipino of the age of twenty-one years and upward who has declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States and who has enlisted or may hereafter enlist in the United States Navy or Marine Corps or the Naval Auxiliary Service, or the Coast Guard (50 Stat. 548-549; 8 U. S. C. 388), and who, after service of not less than three years, may be honorably discharged therefrom, or who may receive an ordinary discharge with recommendation for reenlistment; or any alien, or any Puerto Rican not a citizen of the United States, of the age of twenty-one years and upward, who has enlisted or entered or may hereafter enlist in or enter the armies of the United States, either the Regular or the Volunteer Forces, or the National Army, or in the United States Navy or Marine Corps, or in the United States Coast Guard, or who has served for three years on board of any vessel of the United States Government, or for three years on board vessels of more than twenty tons' burden, whether or not documented under the laws of the United States, and whether public or private, which are not foreign vessels (45 Stat. 1514; 8 U. S. C. 388), and while still in the service on a reenlistment or reappointment, or within six months after an honorable discharge or separation therefrom, or while on furlough to the Army Reserve or Regular Army Reserve after honorable service, may, on presentation of the required declaration of intention petition for naturalization and may be naturalized without complying with the requirements of residence within the United States and within the county (45 Stat. 1514; 8 U. S. C. 392); any alien serving in the military or naval service of the United States during the time this country is engaged in the present war may file his petition for naturalization without making the preliminary declaration of intention and without proof of the required five years' residence within the United States (40 Stat.

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Repealed effective January 13, 1941, by sec. 504, Nationality Act of 1940 (54 Stat. 1173; 8 U. S. C. 904). See Nationality Act of 1940 on same subjects.

Sec. 8, Act of July 30, 1937 (50 Stat. 548-549; 8 U. 8. C. 388), amending subd. 7, sec. 4, Act of June 29, 1906, as added to said Act by sec. 1, Act of May 9, 1918. For text of this paragraph as it read originally in the Act of May 9, 1918, and for discus sion of amendments as made thereto by sec. 6 (c) and (d) Act of March 2, 1929 (45 State. 1514), and sec. 2. Act of May 25, 1932 (47 Stat. 165), see footnote 58 to Act of June 29, 1906, at p. 473.