(a) For any alien to depart from or enter or attempt to depart from or enter the United States except under such reasonable rules, regulations, and orders, and subject to such limitations and exceptions as the President shall prescribe;

(b) For any person to transport or attempt to transport from or into the United States another person with knowledge or reasonable cause to believe that the departure or entry of such other person is forbidden by this Act;

(c) For any person knowingly to make any false statement in an application for permission to depart from or enter the United States with intent to induce or secure the granting of such permission either for himself or for another;

(d) For any person knowingly to furnish or attempt to furnish or assist in furnishing to another a permit or evidence of permission to depart or enter not issued and designed for such other person's use;

(e) For any person knowingly to use or attempt to use any permit or evidence of permission to depart or enter not issued and designed for his use;

(f) For any person to forge, counterfeit, mutilate, or alter, or cause or procure to be forged, counterfeited, mutilated, or altered, any permit or evidence of permission to depart from or enter the United States;

(g) For any person knowingly to use or attempt to use or furnish to another for use any false, forged, counterfeited, mutilated, or altered permit, or evidence of permission, or any permit or evidence of permission which, though originally valid, has become or been made void or invalid.

SEC. 2. That after such proclamation as is provided for by the preceding section has been made and published and while said proclamation is in force, it shall, except as otherwise provided by the President, and subject to such limitations and exceptions as the President may authorize and prescribe, be unlawful for any citizen of the United States to depart from or enter or attempt to depart from or enter the United States unless he bears a valid passport.

SEO. 3. Any person who shall willfully violate any of the provisions of this Act, or of any order or proclamation of the President promulgated, or of any permit, rule, or regulation issued thereunder, shall, upon conviction, be fined not more than $5,000, or, if a natural person, imprisoned for not more than five years, or both; and the officer, director, or agent of any corporation who knowingly participates in such violation shall be punished by like fine or imprisonment, or both; and any vehicle, vessel or aircraft, together with its or her appurtenances, equipment, tackle, apparel, and furniture, concerned in any such violation, shall be forfeited to the United States.18

18 Section 2, Act of June 21, 1941 (55 Stat. 252). Prior thereto, sec. 3, Act of May 22, 1918 (40 Stat. 559), read as follows: "That any person who shall willfully violate any of the provisions of this Act, or of any order or proclamation of the President promulgated, or of any permit, rule, or regulation issued thereunder, shall, upon conviction, be fined not more than $10.000, or, if a natural person, imprisoned for not more than twenty years or both; and the officer, director, or agent of any corporation who knowingly participates in such violation shall be punished by like fine or imprisonment, or both; and any vehicle or any vessel, together with its or her appurtenances, equipment, tackle, apparel, and furniture, concerned in any such violation, shall be forfeited to the United States."

SEC. 4. The term "United States" as used in this Act includes the Canal Zone, the Commonwealth of the Philippines, and all territory and waters, continental or insular, subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.19

The word "person" as used herein shall be deemed to mean any individual, partnership, association, company, or other unincorporated body of individuals, or corporation, or body politic.

SEC. 5. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to entitle an alien to whom a permit to enter the United States has been issued to enter the United States, if, upon arrival in the United States, he is found to be inadmissible to the United States under this Act or any law relating to the entry of aliens into the United States.20 SEC. 6. The revocation of any proclamation, rule, regulation, or order issued in pursuance of this Act, shall not prevent prosecution for any offense committed or the imposition of any penalties or forfeitures, liability for which was incurred under this Act prior to the revocation of such proclamation, rule, regulation, or order.20 (40 Stat. 559; 55 Stat. 252; 22 U. S. C. 223-226.)

EXCLUSION AND EXPULSION OF ANARCHISTS AND SIMILAR CLASSES

Act approved October 16, 1918, as amended

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That any alien who, at any time, shall be or shall have been a member of any one of the following classes 21 shall be excluded from admission into the United States:

(a) Aliens who are anarchists; 22

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(b) Aliens who advise, advocate, or teach, or who are members of or affiliated with any organization, association, society, or group, that advises, advocates, or teaches, opposition to all organized government;

(c) Aliens who believe in, advise, advocate, or teach, or who are members of or affiliated with any organization, association, society, or group, that believes in, advises, advocates, or teaches: (1) the overthrow by force or violence of the Government of the United States or of all forms of law, or (2) the duty, necessity or propriety of the unlawful assaulting or killing of any officer or officers (either of specific individuals or of officers generally) of the Government of the United States or of any other organized government, because of his or their official character, or (3) the unlawful damage, injury or destruction of property, or (4) sabotage:

(d) Aliens who write, publish, or cause to be written or published, or who knowingly circulate, distribute, print, or display, or knowingly cause to be circulated, distributed, printed, published,

19 Section 2a, Act of June 21, 1941 (55 Stat. 252). Prior thereto, sec. 4, Act of May 22, 1918 (40 Stat. 559), read as follows: "That the term 'United States' as used in this Act includes the Canal Zone and all territory and waters, continental or insular. subject to the jurisdiction of the United States."

20 Section 3, Act of June 21, 1941 (55 Stat. 252), added sections 5 and 6 to the Act of May 22, 1918 (40 Stat, 559).

Act of June 28, 1940 (54 Stat. 673; 8 U. S. C. 137). Prior thereto, the first paragraph of sec. 1, Act of October 16, 1918 (40 Stat. 1012: 8 U. S. C. 137) as amended by the Act of June 5, 1920 (41 Stat. 1008), read as follows: "That the following aliens shall be excluded from admission into the United States:

22 For additional provisions relative to anarchists and similar classes see sec. 3 and 28. Act of February 5, 1917, pp. 3 and 32, Title 1, Act of June 28, 1940, p. 109, and Act of May 10, 1920, p. 80.

or displayed, or who knowingly have in their possession for the purpose of circulation, distribution, publication, or display, any written or printed matter, advising, advocating, or teaching, opposition to all organized government, or advising, advocating or teaching: (1) the overthrow by force or violence of the Government of the United States or of all forms of law, or (2) the duty, necessity or propriety of the unlawful assaulting or killing of any officer or officers (either of specific individuals or of officers generally) of the Government of the United States or of any other organized government, or (3) the unlawful damage, injury or destruction of property, or (4) sabotage;

(e) Aliens who are members of or affiliated with any organization, association, society, or group, that writes, circulates, distributes, prints, publishes, or displays, or causes to be written, circulated, distributed, printed, published, or displayed, or that has in its possession for the purpose of circulation, distribution, publication, issue, or display, any written or printed matter of the character described in subdivision (d).

For the purpose of this section: (1) the giving, loaning or promising of money or anything of value to be used for the advising, advocacy, or teaching of any doctrine above enumerated shall constitute the advising, advocacy, or teaching of such doctrine; and (2) the giving, loaning or promising of money or anything of value to any organization, association, society, or group, of the character above described shall constitute affiliation therewith; but nothing in this paragraph shall be taken as an exclusive definition of advising, advocacy, teaching, or affiliation.23 (40 Stat. 1012; 41 Stat. 1008-9; 54 Stat. 673; 8 U. S. C. 137.)

SEC. 2. Any alien who was at the time of entering the United States, or has been at any time thereafter, a member of any one of the classes of aliens enumerated in section 1 of this Act, shall, upon the warrant of the Attorney General, be taken into custody and deported in the manner provided in the Immigration Act of February 5, 1917. The provisions of this section shall be applicable to the classes of aliens mentioned in this Act, irrespective of the time of their entry into the United States." (40 Stat. 1012; 54 Stat. 673; 8 U. S. Č. 137.)

23 Act of June 5, 1920 (41 Stat. 1008; 8 U. S. C. 137). Prior thereto, sec. 1, Act of October 16, 1918 (40 Stat. 1012), read as follows: "That aliens who are anarchists; aliens who believe in or advocate the overthrow by force or violence of the Government of the United States or of all forms of law; aliens who disbelieve in or are opposed to all organized government; aliens who advocate or teach the assassination of public officials; aliens who advocate or teach the unlawful destruction of property; aliens who are members of or affiliated with any organization that entertains a belief in, teaches, or advocates the overthrow by force or violence of the Government of the United States or of all forms of law, or that entertains or teaches disbelief in or opposition to all organized government, or that advocates the duty, necessity, or propriety of the unlawful assaulting or killing of any officer or officers, either of specific individuals or of officers generally, of the Government of the United States or of any other organized government, because of his or their official character, or that advocates or teaches the unlawful destruction of property shall be excluded from admission into the United States."

Act of June 28, 1940 (54 Stat. 673; 8 U. S. C. 137). Prior thereto, sec. 2, Act of October 16, 1918 (40 Stat. 1012), read as follows: "That any allen who, at any time after entering the United States, is found to have been at the time of entry, or to have become thereafter, a member of any one of the classes of aliens enumerated in section one of this Act, shall, upon the warrant of the Secretary of Labor, be taken into custody and deported in the manner provided in the immigration Act of February fifth, nineteen hundred and seventeen. The provisions of this section shall be applicable to the classes of aliens mentioned in this Act irrespective of the time of their entry into the United States."

See also secs. 3 and 19, Act of February 5, 1917 (8 U. S. C. 136, 155), pp. 8 and 22, for additional provisions relative to anarchists and similar classes.

SEC. 3. That any alien who shall, after he has been excluded and deported or arrested and deported in pursuance of the provisions of this Act, thereafter return to or enter the United States or attempt to return to or to enter the United States shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by imprisonment for a term of not more than five years; and shall, upon the termination of such imprisonment, be taken into custody, upon the warrant of the Attorney General, and deported in the manner provided in the immigration Act of February fifth, nineteen hundred and seventeen. (40 Stat. 1012-1013; 8 U. S. C. 137.)

READMISSION OF CERTAIN ALIENS CONSCRIPTED OR VOLUNTEERING FOR SERVICE WITH THE MILITARY FORCES OF THE UNITED STATES OR COBELLIGERENT FORCES

Public Resolution 44 of October 19, 1918

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That, notwithstanding the provisions of section three of the immigration Act of February fifth, nineteen hundred and seventeen, excluding from the United States aliens who are likely to become a public charge, or who are physically defective, or who are contract laborers, or who have come in consequence of advertisements for labor printed, published, or distributed in a foreign country, or who are assisted by others to come, or whose ticket or passage is paid for with the money of another or by any corporation, association, society, municipality, or foreign government, or who are stowaways, or who are illiterate, aliens lawfully resident in the United States when heretofore or hereafter enlisted or conscripted for the military or naval service of the United States, or of any one of the nations cobelligerent of the United States in the present war; and aliens lawfully resident in the United States who have enlisted for service with Czecho-Slovak, Polish, or other independent forces attached to the United States Army or to the army or navy of any one of the cobelligerents of the United States in the present war, who may during or within one year after the termination of the war apply for readmission to this country, after being honorably discharged or granted furlough abroad by the proper military or naval authorities, or after being rejected on final examination in connection with their enlistment or conscription shall, within two years after the termination of the war, be readmitted; and that any alien of either of the foregoing descriptions who would otherwise be excluded under said section of the immigration Act on the ground that he is idiotic, imbecile, feeble-minded, epileptic, insane, or has had one or more attacks of insanity, or on the ground that he is afflicted with constitutional psychopathic inferiority, tuberculosis, a loathsome or dangerous contagious disease, or mental defect, shall be readmitted if it is proved that the disability was acquired while the alien was serving in the military or naval forces of the United States or of any one of the nations cobelligerent of the United States in the present war or in an independent force of the kind hereinbefore described, if such alien returns to a port of the United States within two years after the

termination of the war; and that the head tax provided in the immigration Act of February fifth, nineteen hundred and seventeen, shall not be collected from aliens readmitted into the United States under the provisions of this resolution. (40 Stat. 1014; 8 U.S. C. 230.)

DEPORTATION OF CERTAIN SPECIFIED ALIENS; ENUMERATION OF PERSONS TO BE DEPORTED; MANNER OF DEPORTATION; DECISION OF ATTORNEY GENERAL FINAL; READMISSION DENIED

Act approved May 10, 1920

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That aliens of the following classes, in addition to those for whose expulsion from the United States provision is made in the existing law, shall, upon the warrant of the Attorney General, be taken into his custody and deported in the manner provided in sections 19 and 20 of the Act of February 5, 1917, entitled "An Act to regulate the immigration of aliens to, and the residence of aliens in, the United States," 24 if the Attorney General, after hearing, finds that such aliens are undesirable residents of the United States, to wit:

(1) All aliens who are now interned under section 4067 of the Revised Statutes of the United States and the proclamations issued by the President in pursuance of said section under date of April 6, 1917, November 16, 1917, December 11, 1917, and April 19, 1918, respectively.

(2) All aliens who since August 1, 1914, have been or may hereafter be convicted of any violation or conspiracy to violate any of the following Acts or parts of Acts, the judgment on such conviction having become final, namely:

(a) An Act entitled "An Act to punish acts of interference with the foreign relations, the neutrality, and the foreign commerce of the United States, to punish espionage, and better to enforce the criminal laws of the United States, and for other purposes," approved June 15, 1917, or the amendment thereof approved May 16, 1918;

(b) An Act entitled "An Act to prohibit the manufacture, distribution, storage, use, and possession in time of war of explosives, providing regulations for the safe manufacture, distribution, storage, use, and possession of the same, and for other purposes," approved October 6, 1917;

(c) An Act entitled "An Act to prevent in time of war departure from and entry into the United States contrary to the public safety," approved May 22, 1918;

(d) An Act entitled "An Act to punish the willful injury or destruction of war material or of war premises or utilities used in connection with war material, and for other purposes," approved April 20, 1918;

(e) An Act entitled "An Act to authorize the President to increase temporarily the Military Establishment of the United States," approved May 18, 1917, or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto;

24 See also secs. 3, 19, and 28, Act of Feb. 5, 1917, pp. 3, 22, and 32, Act of Oct. 16, 1918, p. 77, and Title I, Act of June 28, 1940, p. 109, for other provisions relative to anarchists.