the Abbé Fontana's Manuale di Educazione Umana, Milan, 1834; reproduced at Città di Castello, 1845; Casuccio, Casale, 1850; 8vo, pp. 15.

6. On the Classification of Philosophical Systems and the Dispositions necessary for arriving at Truth (Sulla Classificazione de' Sistemi Filosofici e sulle Disposizioni necessarie a ritrovare il Vero). This consists of four letters-the first (Rovereto, October 1st, 1825) to Luigi Bonelli, first printed in the Opuscoli Filosofici, vol. ii., Boniardi-Pogliani, Milan, 1828; the second (Stresa, August 12th, 1845) to Alessandro Pestalozza, first printed in that writer's Elementi di Filosofia, Milan, 1850; and the third (Turin, December 26th, 1836) and fourth (Turin, February 6th, 1837) to Baldassarre Poli, first printed in the Progresso, No. 33, Naples, 1837, then in the Raccoglitore, Milan, 1837. All four reproduced by Casuccio, Casale, 1850, 8vo, pp. 26.

7. On the Language of Philosophy and some Objections made to the Philosophy of the Author (Sulla Lingua Filosofica e di alcune Obbiezioni fatte alla Filosofia dell' Autore). This consists of five letters-the first (Trent, December 5th, 1831) to Pietro Orsi, on The Language of Philosophy and some Objections proposed by a German Journal, first printed in the Messagier Tirolese, December, 1831, then in the Prose Ecclesiastiche, Lugano, 1834; the second, a fragment without date or address, on The Primitive Judgment; the third (Stresa, January 14th, 1842) to Don Paolo Barone, on The Diverse Forms of Being, first printed in Barone's pamphlet Sulle Dottrine Filosofiche di Vincenzo Gioberti, Turin, 1843; the fourth (Stresa, April 23rd, 1842) to Carlo F. Sola, on The Way to avoid Pantheism, first published in the Messagier Torinese, No. 43, 1842; and the fifth (Stresa, March 16th, 1846) to Alessandro Pestalozza, on the question,

Can Being be predicated univocally of God and Created Things? published by Pestalozza in his Elementi di Filosofia, Milan, 1845, 1849. All five were printed by Casuccio, Casale, 1850, 8vo, pp. 35.

8. On French Eclecticism (Sull' Eclettismo Francese, Lettera al Dottore Luigi Gentili, Turin, February 13th, 1837), printed in the Indicatore, Milan, 1837; Propagatore, Turin, 1837; Casuccio, Casale, 1850.

The above eight treatises are printed in one volume, under the title Introduzione alla Filosofia, Casuccio, Casale, 1850, 8vo, pp. 470.

CLASS I.

IDEOLOGY AND LOGIC.

9. New Essay on the Origin of Ideas (Nuovo Saggio sull' Origine delle Idee). First printed by Salvucci, Rdme, 1830, 4 vols. 12mo; then by Boniardi-Pogliani, Milan, 1836-37, and 1838, 3 vols. 8vo; Batelli,* Naples, 1842-43; Piomba, Turin, 1851; and finally, with an excellent index, by Bertolotti, Intra, 1875, 3 vols. 8vo, pp. lxiv., 429, 539, 485. The first volume was rendered into French by the Abbé C. M. André. Waille, Paris, 1844.

This work was begun in 1825 at Rovereto, continued at Milan in 1826, and finished at Domodossola in 1828. For analysis see under §§ 10, 15.

10. The Restoration of Philosophy in Italy (Il Rinnovamento della Filosofia in Italia, proposto dal Conte Terenzio Mamani della Rovere ed esaminato da Antonio Rosmini

*It may be remarked that the Batelli edition of Rosmini's works, which consists of fourteen handsome volumes, was really pirated and printed without Rosmini's consent. It is, nevertheless, a very handy edition of the principal works.

Serbati). Boniardi-Pogliani, Milan, 1836, 1841, 8vo, pp. 704; Batelli, Naples, 1843.

See above, p. xxxiv., and below, under § 10. This work, which may be regarded as a supplement to the New Essay, was written in a very few months. The Dialogue entitled Moschini was published separately.

II. Aristotle Explained and Examined (Aristotele Esposto ed Esaminato). Società Editrice di Libri di Filosofia, Turin, 1857, 8vo, pp. 676. This work is sadly disfigured by typographical errors.

Though on several occasions unjust to Aristotle, Rosmini has in this work furnished one of the best criticisms of the works and system of that philosopher. The preface to the work was published separately in the Poliantea Cattolica, Turin, 1855.

12. The Idea (L'Idea). Bertolotti, Intra, 1869, 8vo, pp. 268. This fragment is printed as the second half of the fourth volume of the Theosophy (see No. 15), to which it really does not belong.

13. Logic (Logica, Libri III.). Piomba, Turin, 1854; Bertolotti, Intra, 1868; 8vo, pp. lix., 663. The last edition has a most valuable index by Dr. de Vit.

The first book of this work treats of Assent, and is almost entirely original; the second, of the Theory of Inference; and the third, of The Criterion of Truth and Certainty and of Probability.

CLASS II.

METAPHYSICAL SCIENCES.

14. Psychology (Psicologia). Miglio, Novara, 1846-48 (1850), 2 vols. 8vo, pp. 549, 796; Batelli, Naples.

This, perhaps the best of Rosmini's works, has for many years been out of print. It is divided into ten books, of which the first treats of

the essence of the human soul; the second, of certain properties of the human soul; the third, of the union of soul and body and their reciprocal influence; the fourth, of the simplicity of the human soul and questions therewith connected; the fifth, of the immortality of the human soul and the death of man; the sixth and seventh, of the activity of the human soul; the eighth and ninth, of the laws that govern the activity of the human soul; and the tenth, of the laws of animality. Besides, the first volume contains a preface to the whole of the metaphysical works and an appendix of 151 pages, On the Opinions of Philosophers in regard to the Nature of the Soul, an amplification and continuation of the first book of Aristotle's De Animâ.

15. Theosophy (Teosofia). 5 vols. 8vo. Vols. I.-III. Società Editrice di Libri di Filosofia, Turin, 1859, 1863, 1864, pp. xvi., 727; x., 551; 435.. Vols. IV., V., Bertolotti, Intra, 1869, 1874, pp. 588, 636.

The plan of this posthumous work was several times recast in the mind of the author, and the parts that remain do not all belong to the same plan. The first volume contains three books-the first on The Ontological Problem; the second on the Categories, the supreme classification of beings; and the third on Being in its Unity. The second and third volumes treat of Being in its Trinity (L'Essere Trino). The fourth is made up of two distinct works, The Divine in Nature, dedicated to Alessandro Manzoni, and the treatise on The Idea, already named, No. 12. The fifth volume deals with The Real, that is, the most difficult problems of space, matter, and body and its movements, and may be considered as a fragment of Cosmology. Perhaps of all works written in modern times this is the most suggestive. The Divine in Nature and the treatise on The Real furnish many elements for a new Weltanschauung. An index to the first three volumes by Severino Frati has just appeared, Paravia, Turin, etc., 1881.

16. Historico-Critical Treatise on the Categories (Trattato Storico-Critico delle Categorie). A small work, of the nature of Trendelenburg's Geschichte der Kategorien lehre.

17. Dialectics (La Dialettica). Begun on 5th December, 1846, and finished 26th June, 1847: never revised or printed.

18. Theodicy (Teodicea, Libri III.). This work is made

up of parts written at different periods of the author's life. The second book, under the title of Saggio della Divina Provvidenza nel Governo dei Beni e dei Mali temporali, was first printed by Visai, Milan, 1826, then at Mendrisio in 1839; the first and second appeared together, under the same title, in the Opuscoli Filosofici, in 1827-28, and the three together, with the title Teodicea, were printed by Boniardi-Pogliani, Milan, 1845, 8vo. There is an edition printed by the Società Editrice di Libri di Filosofia, Turin, 1857. 2 vols. 16mo, pp. xv., 215, 415.

On the contents of this work, see below, under § 188.

19. Vincenzo Gioberti and Pantheism (Vincenzo Gioberti e il Panteismo: Lezioni Filosofiche). Printed as a reply to Gioberti's polemical work, Gli Errori Filosofici di Antonio Rosmini, in the Filo-Cattolico, Florence, 1845; Bonardi-Pogliani, Milan, 1846; Tramater, Naples, 1847; with additions, Giusti, Lucca, 1853.

CLASS III.

PHILOSOPHY OF MORALS AND RIGHT.

20. Principles of Moral Science (Principi delle Scienza Morale). Milan, 1831; Boniardi-Pogliani, Milan, 1837; Batelli, Naples; Bertolotti, Intra, 1867; 8vo, pp. 127.

21. Comparative and Critical History of the Systems that treat of the Principle of Morals (Storia Comparativa e Critica de' Sistemi intorno al Principio della Morale). BoniardiPogliani, Milan, 1837; Batelli, Naples; Bertolotti, Intra, 1867; 8vo, pp. 360.

These two works are in the Intra edition included in one volume, which has an excellent preface of twenty pages.