Human rights-Continued

Hostages, U.N. Convention Against the
Taking of (1979), 264-269
Inter-American Commission on Human

Rights. See separate title.
International Court of Justice, 255, 259
International Covenant on Civil and
Political Rights (1966), 255-256,
258-260
International Covenant on Economic,
Social and Cultural Rights (1966),
256, 260

League of Nations Covenant, 254, 258
local remedies, exhaustion of, 243-252
on-site investigations, 243-244, 250-251
Organization of American States
charter, 255, 258

prisoners. See separate title.
right to life

terrorism. See separate title.
South Africa, 238-242

fair labor (Sullivan) principles, 239-

242

parent of minor U.S. citizen, exclu-
sion, 141-142

separated spouses, visa petitions,
142-143

inadmissibility, waiver of, 151-152
labor certifications, 91

professionals, 143-144
nationality, loss of, 119-122
nationals, U.S., 101, 267

naturalization, revocation of, 115-118
parole into United States, 215
refugees, 179-185, 186

sections: 101, 155; 101(a), 179-180; 101
(a)(13), 151; 101(a)(15)(A), 133, 290;
101(a)(15)(G), 133, 135; 101(a)(15)
(H)(ii), 91; 101(a)(22), 267; 101(a)
(27), 183; 101(a)(29), 101; 101(a)
(42), 180, 182, 186; 101(b)(1), 139;
101(b)(1)(C), 136, 138-139; 101(b)
(1)(D), 139; 101(b)(1)(E), 140; 103,
155; 104, 155; 106(a), 213; 201(a),
183; 201(b), 134-135, 141-143, 171;
203(a)(1), 134-135; 203(a)(2), 134-
135; 203(a)(3), 143, 168; 203(a)(4),
134-135; 203(a)(5), 134-135; 203(a)
(7), 180; 203(a)(8), 143; 207, 181-
184; 207(a), 187; 208, 182, 184, 205;
209, 182-184; 209(a), 206; 212(a)(9),
152; 212(a)(14), 143, 171-172; 212
(a)(19), 172, 208; 212(a)(20), 172;
212(a)(22), 113; 212(a)(23), 181;
212(a)(26), 208; 212(a)(27), 181;
212(a)(29), 181; 212(a)(33), 181;
212(d)(5), 180, 205, 215; 212(h),
151-152; 215, 125; 215(a), 129, 134;
215(b), 132; 221(i), 133; 241, 155;
241(a)(19), 170; 241(c), 173; 241(f),
171-173; 243(h), 209-210, 213, 248;
244, 152; 244(a), 166-170; 244(a)(1),
163; 170; 244(c)(2), 163-164, 865;
244(d), 166; 245, 135, 151-152, 171;
271; 146-148, 151; 272, 151; 273,
146-148, 151; 274, 146-151; 275,
151; 301, 101; 308, 101; 315, 112;
329(a), 113; 337(a), 114; 340(a),
115; 349(a), 119, 122; 349(c), 119-
121

travel documentation of aliens and
citizens, 124-125

Import control

television receivers, color

orderly marketing agreements,
Taiwan and Korea, 766-767
Independent Commission on Interna-
tional Development Issues (Brandt
Commission), 888, 893

India

agreement with U.S. for cooperation
concerning civil uses of atomic
energy (1963), 855, 861, 864
waiver of certain rights (1984), 864
nuclear exports from U.S., 852-866
safeguards agreement with U.S. and
IAEA, trilateral (1971), 855, 861,
864
Indian Ocean

U.S. naval presence, reinforced, 996

International Atomic Energy Agency
agreement for cooperation in the civil

uses of atomic energy (1959, 1974,
1980), 819-825

nuclear activities safeguards agree-
ment, 827-845
International Air Transportation Com-

petition Act (1980), 660-661, 668-669
International Bank for Reconstruction
and Development. See also World
Bank.

assistance to private sector, sense of
Congress regarding, 779
headquarters provision, 60
privileges and immunities, 69-72
International Boundary and Water Com-

mission, United States and Mexico
border sanitation problems, Minutes
on (1979, 1980), 645-648
international bridges, 881
origin, 648
International bridges

Executive Order 11423 (1968), 881-882
U.S. laws

International Bridge Act of 1972, 881
U.S.-Mexico

International Boundary and Water
Commission, U.S. section, 881
Presidio bridges, 880-882
International Chamber of Commerce,
U.S. Council, 79

International Claims Settlement Act of

1949 (1950), as amended
"China Claims Act" (1968)

modification of distributions under

Foreign Claims Settlement Com-
mission's awards, 712-716
Czechoslovakia, claims against, 717-
718, 723

Vietnam claims program, receipt and
determination of claims for, 710-

712
International Coffee Organization
tax reimbursement agreements (1980,
1982), 80

International Conference of Parliamen-
tarians on Population and Develop-
ment, Colombo (1980), 888-892
International Court of Justice, 255, 259,
275, 971-974; see also Table of Cases.
Case of the Monetary Gold Removed
from Rome in 1943 (1954), 723
compulsory jurisdiction, 989-995
Convention (New York) on the Pre-
vention and Punishment of
Crimes Against Internationally
Protected Persons, Including
Diplomatic Agents (1973), 995
Law of the Sea, Conventions (1958),
992

treaty of amity, economic relations,

and consular rights, U.S.-Iran
(1955), 995

U.S. acceptance and withdrawal of
acceptance, 324

Vienna Convention on Consular Rela-

tions (1963), Optional Protocol
Concerning the Compulsory Set-
tlement of Disputes, 989-995
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic
Relations (1961), Optional Pro-
tocol Concerning the Compulsory
Settlement of Disputes, 989-995
Corfu Channel case (1949), 723
jurisdiction, by agreement, 724-725
provisional (interim) measures of pro-
tection, 302-304, 307-308
Statute, 344

World Health Organization case (1980),
48-63

International Covenant on Civil and Po-
litical Rights (1966), 255-256, 258-
260, 272

International Covenant on Economic,
Social and Cultural Rights (1966),
256, 260, 272

International Development Cooperation
Agency (IDCA), 893

International Emergency Economic

Powers Act (1977), 18-21, 23-26, 425,
529,532, 538, 725, 733, 735-742, 791-
792, 794-796, 800, 894-895, 897-898
International Hydrographic Bureau
tax reimbursement agreement (1980),
80

International Labor Organization
President's Committee on, 78

U.S. membership, resumption of, 76-79
International law

codification and progressive develop-

sources, 344

practice of states, 344-345, 347, 350
International Law Commission
codification and progressive develop-
ment of international law, 1-10,
345, 347, 349

International Maritime Organization.
See Intergovernmental Maritime
Consultative Organization.

International Maritime Satellite Organi-
zation (INMARSAT), Convention on
(1976), 975, 988
dispute settlement, 975

International military education and

training (IMET), 1063-1064
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
assistance to private sector, sense of
Congress regarding, 779
headquarters provision, 60
increases in quotas, 754-760
Palestine Liberation Organization, 110,
756

Substitution Account, dollar-Special
Drawing Rights, 756-757, 759-760
Supplementary Financing Facility,
755, 757
Taiwan, 44, 756

International organizations. See also
separate titles.

Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act
(1976), 69-70

headquarters agreements, 51-56
"immobilization" provisions, 60
labor-management relationships, 69-71
permanent missions

protection of personnel and premises,
73-75

Terrorism Task Force, 74-75
privileges and immunities, 59

employee discrimination proceeding,
68-72

immunity from sequestration order,
63-68

official acts of employees, 64-68
World Bank, 68-72

tax reimbursement agreements
Customs Cooperation Council (1980),

80
International Coffee Organization
(1980, 1982), 80

International Hydrographic Bureau
(1980, 1982), 80

International Sugar Organization
(1980, 1982), 80

South Pacific Commission (1980,
1982), 79-80

termination of earlier bilateral agree-
ments, 80

treaty signatory, European Commun-
ity as, 109

International Organizations Immunities
Act (1945), 59, 64-67, 69
International Red Cross, 326

International Refugee Organization, 116-

117

International Sanitary Bureau, 59-60
International Security and Development
Cooperation Acts: (1980), 39, 193,
778, 818; (1985), 39

human rights fund for South Africa
legal assistance, 242

International Security Assistance and
Arms Control Act (1976)

narcotics control activities in foreign
countries

"Mansfield Amendment", 490
International Sugar Organization

tax reimbursement agreement (1980,
1982), 80

International Systems and Controls Cor-
poration, 502-503

International Telephone & Telegraph
Company, 502-504

International Voyage Load Line Act
(1973), 618

Intervention on the High Seas Act (1974),
482

Investment disputes

arbitrability. See under Arbitration.
Iran. See also under Executive Orders.
Algiers Declarations (Accords), 321,

726-743, 802-804, 946, 956, 958
Case Concerning United States Diplo-
matic and Consular Staff in Teh-
ran (U.S. v. Iran) (I.C.J. 1979,
1980), 302-321, 989-995

claims against, withdrawal of, 727-
728, 731, 736, 741-743, 954, 962-
963, 988-989

claims of American citizens and corpo-
rations, inventory, 896

claims, settlement of U.S., by execu-

tive agreement, 424-425, 743-747,
795-796, 970-989. See also Iran-
United States Claims Tribunal,
post.

diplomatic relations, termination of,
39-41, 333-335, 526, 552-553

economic sanctions. See transaction pro-
hibitions, post.

Embassy and consular personnel in
U.S.

termination of mission, 333-335
government assets freeze, 527, 531-
539, 727, 729, 733, 737, 739, 795-
804, 894-898, 988

Iran-Continued

unblocking, 796-804, 946, 948, 950-

954, 956-959

hostages, 126, 153, 155-158, 268, 1008
attempted rescue, 321-325, 1055-1058
negotiations for release, 527, 534,

537-539, 791, 946-964, 965-970
threatened trial as spies, 126, 304,
307, 310-312, 321

Iran-Iraq conflict, 946, 949, 959-960,
997-998

Strait of Hormuz, 625-626

Iran-United States Claims Tribunal,

529, 726, 730, 734, 743, 951, 954,
956, 959-962, 965-970
President's authority to establish by
executive agreement, 970-989
Iranian assets controls, 528, 532, 896,
898
Iranian nationals, revocation of de-
ferred departure date, 173-175
judicial attachments, 951, 954, 957, 962
U.S. statements of interest following
Algiers Declarations, 742
national emergency, declaration of
U.S., 727, 729, 733, 737, 739
continuation, 794-795
oil import embargo, 735, 740
permanent mission to United Nations
protection of premises, 75

seizure of U.S. Embassy, diplomatic,

and consular staff

U.S. responses, 308, 894-898

Shah and close relatives, property of
former, 727, 731-732, 736, 741, 791-
793, 955, 960-961

transaction prohibitions (economic sanc-
tions), 41, 157, 733, 735, 804, 894-
898; revoked, 735, 740-741, 804
treaty of amity, economic relations,

and consular rights (1955), 303,
317-320, 525-527, 530-532, 538,741,
968-970, 995

dispute settlement, 971, 973-978, 985,
988

U.S. passport restrictions, 124-125
U.S. travel restrictions for permanent
resident aliens, 145-146

visa restrictions for Iranian nationals,
41, 133-136

Iraq

conflict with Iran

Strait of Hormuz, 625-626

Ireland

air transport services agreement (1945),
as amended, 661-662

Israel

extradition treaty with U.S., 233-234
military intervention in Lebanon, 1013-
1018

oil supply arrangements with U.S.
(1975, 1979, 1980), 815-817

peace treaty with Egypt (1979)
Gulf of Aqaba and Strait of Tiran,
623-625

Multinational Force and Observers.
See separate title.

Jerusalem, status, 26, 103-108, 1009-1013
Jones Act (Puerto Rico) (1917), 89-90. See
also Merchant Marine Act (1920).
Jordan

air transport agreement (1980), 663-
664

nonscheduled air service agreement
(1974, 1977, 1979), 664

Judicial assistance. See also Evidence;
Service.

bilateral agreements

U.S.-Algeria (investigations), 502-
503

U.S.-Colombia (investigations),
503

U.S.-Federal Republic of Germany
(regarding taking of evidence)
(1980), 504-505

U.S.-Netherlands, treaty on mutual
assistance in criminal matters
(1981), 238

U.S.-Turkey (investigations), 504
custody, disputes, conventions on. See
under Children.

enforcement of foreign arbitral awards
penal provisions, nonenforcement of,
1081-1082

foreign child support judgments
recognition of, 499-502
unilateral declarations of reciprocity

by States of United States, 499-
502

foreign judgments, requests for en-
forcement, 493-494

foreign money judgments, recognition
of, 495-499

collateral estoppel, 497

letters rogatory

costs, payment of, 494
limitations upon use, 493
multilateral agreements

Hague Convention on the Service
Abroad of Judicial and Extra-
judicial Documents in Civil and
Commercial Matters (1965), 457
Hague Convention on the Taking of
Evidence Abroad in Civil or
Commercial Matters (1970), 504-
505

U.N. Convention on the Recognition
and Enforcement of Foreign Arbi-
tral Awards (1958)

public policy exception to enforce-
ment, 1081-1082

Judiciary Act (1789), 10, 253
Jurisdiction

admiralty and maritime jurisdiction,
alleged U.S., 489-490
compulsory process (subpoenas) in for-
eign jurisdictions. See under
Service.

"contacts" threshold for enforcement
of foreign arbitral award (U.S.),
515-517

criminal

alleged illegal apprehension outside
United States, 458-459
extraterritorial jurisdiction over con-
trolled substances offenses, 473,
913-915; 1980 legislation, 915-
917
prisoner transfer treaties, 459-465
special maritime and territorial jur-
isdiction of United States, 473,
489-490
extraterritoriality

special aircraft jurisdiction of the
U.S., 457

Federal Trade Commission

compulsory process (subpoenas) in
foreign jurisdictions, methods of
service, 452-457

NATO status-of-forces agreements, 476
U.S. courts. See separate title: Courts,
U.S.
vessels

deepwater ports, 628
vessels on the high seas

agreements for boarding and search,
475-484