Synonym. Protomyces pachydermus. Thüm., "Hedwigia," 1874, p. 97. Trail, Scott. Nat., July, 1883, p. 33. On Taraxacum officinale. Aberdeen, Prof. J. W. H. Trail. Protomyces menyanthis. De Bary. Spores aggregated in roundish or confluent patches, immersed in the substance of the leaves, purplish on the surface. Spores brownish, subglobose. Synonym. Protomyces menyanthis, De Bary. Cooke, "Micro. Fungi," 4th edit., p. 228. Exsiccati. Vize, "Micro. Fungi," 151. On the leaves of Menyanthes trifoliata and Comarum palustre. BIOLOGY.-This species Professor Trail finds commonly in Aberdeenshire, on Menyanthes, but not upon Comarum. Protomyces ari. Cooke. Spots aggregated in elongated patches, immersed in the substance of the leaves and petioles, always covered, globose, simple, brown. Endochrome granular. Epispore smooth. Synonym. Protomyces ari. Cooke, "Micro. Fungi," 4th edit., p. 227. On the leaves and petioles of Arum maculatum. THE BARBERRY LAW OF MASSACHUSETTS. Anno Regni Regis Georgii II. Vicesimo Octavo, chap. x. (published January 13, 1755). An Act to prevent Damage to English Grain arising from Barberry Bushes. Whereas it has been found by experience, that the Blasting of Wheat and other English Grain is often occasioned by Barberry Bushes, to the great loss and damage of the inhabitants of this province : : Be it therefore enacted by the Governour, Council, and House of Representatives, that whoever, whether community or private person, hath any Barberry Bushes standing or growing in his or their Land, within any of the Towns in this Province, he or they shall cause the same to be extirpated or destroyed on or before the thirteenth Day of June Anno Domini One Thousand Seven Hundred and Sixty. Be it further enacted that if there shall be any Barberry Bushes standing or growing in any land within this Province, after the said 10th day of June, it shall be lawful, by Virtue of this Act, for any Person whosoever to enter the Lands wherein such Barberry Bushes are, first giving one month's notice of his intention to do so to the Owner or Occupant thereof, and to cut them down, or pull them up by the root, and then to present a fair account of his labour and charge therein to the owner or occupant of the said land; and if such owner or occupant shall neglect or refuse by the space of two months next after the presenting said account, to make to such person reasonable payment as aforesaid, then the person who cut down or pulled up such bushes, may bring the action against such owner or occupant, owners or occupants, before any Justice of the Peace, if under forty shillings, or otherwise before the Inferior Court of Common Pleas in the County where such Bushes grew, who upon proof of the cutting down or pulling up of such bushes by the person who brings the action, or such as were employed by him, shall and is hereby respectively empowered to enter up judgment for him to recover double the value of the reasonable expense and labour in such service and award execution accordingly. Be it further enacted that if the lands on which such Barberry Bushes grew are common and undivided lands, that then an action may be brought as aforesaid, against any one of the proprietors in such manner as the Laws of this Province provide, in such cases where Proprietors may be sued. Be it further enacted, that the Surveyors of the Highways, whether public or private, be and hereby are empowered and required ex officio to destroy and extirpate all such Barberry Bushes as are or shall be in the Highways in their respective Wards or Districts, and if any such shall remain after the aforesaid tenth Day of June, Anno Domini One Thousand Seven Hundred and Sixty, that then the Town or District in which such bushes are shall pay a Fine of two shillings for every bush standing or growing in such Highway, to be recovered by Bill Plaint, Information, or on the Presentment of a Grand Jury, and to be paid one Half to the Informer and the other Half to the Treasury of the County in which such bushes grew, for the use of the County. Be it further enacted, That if any Barberry Bush stand or grow in any Stone Wall or other Fence, either pointing on Highway, or dividing between one Propriety and another, that an Action may be brought as aforesaid against the Owner of the said Fence or the Person occupying the Land to which such Fence belongs; and if the Fence in which such Bushes grew is a Divisional Fence between the Lands of one Person or Community and another, and such fence hath not been divided, by which means the particular share of each Person or Community is not known, then an Action may be brought as aforesaid against either of the Owners or Occupants of the said Land. Be it further enacted, That where the Occupant of any Land shall eradicate and destroy any Barberry Bush growing thereon, or in any of the Fences belonging to the same (which such Occupant is hereby authorized to do, and every action to be brought against him for so doing, shall be utterly barred), or shall be obliged, pursuant to this Act, to pay for pulling them up or cutting them down, that then the owner or proprietor of such Land shall pay the said Occupant the full value of his Labour and Cost in destroying them himself, or what he is obliged to pay to others as aforesaid; and if such Owner or Owners shall refuse so to do, then it shall be lawful for the said Occupant or Occupants to withhold so much of the Rents or Income of the said Land as shall be sufficient to pay or reimburse his cost and charge arising as aforesaid. This Act to continue in Force until the Tenth Day of June, One Thousand Seven Hundred and Sixty-four. From the Province Laws of Massachusetts, 1736-1761, p. 153. AUTHORS QUOTED. Albertini, J. B., and Schweinitz, L. D. Conspectus Fungorum in Lusatia superioris agro Niskiensi crescentium. 1805. Annales des Sciences naturelles (Botanique). 6 séries. Paris 1824-88. Bachmann, E. Spectroskopische Untersuchungen von Pilzfarbstoffen. 1886. Bagnis, C. Osservazioni sulla vita e morfologia di alcuni funghi Uredinei. 1875. Barclay, A. On Acidum urtica, Schum., var. Himalayense. Memoirs by Medical Officers of the Army in India. Banks, J. Annals of Agriculture, vol. xliii. 1805. Scientific 1887. Berkeley, M. J., in Sir J. E. Smith's English Flora, vol. v. pt. ii. 1837. in Hooker's Flora Antarctica. 1844-47. Transactions of the Royal Horticultural Society. 1847. · Outlines of British Fungology. 1865. and Broome, C. E., in Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 1838-85. Bonorden, H. F. Handbuch der allgemeinen Mykologie. 1852. Botanische Zeitung. 1843-88. Brefeld, O. Botanische Untersuchungen über die Schimmelpilze. 1881. Paris: 1791-98. Castagne, L. Observations sur quelques plantes acotyledonées recueillies dans la départment des Bouches du Rhone. 1842-43. Catalogue des plantes que croisent naturellement aux environs de Marseille. Chevallier, F. 1845-51. Flora générale des environs de Paris. 1826-36. Cooke, M. C. Handbook of British Fungi. 1871. Introduction to the Study of Microscopic Fungi. 4th edit. 1878. On Uromyces. Grevillea, vol. vii. Circumnutation in Fungi. Quekett Journal, 1884, vol. i., 2nd series. Corda, A. Icones Fungorum. 6 fasc. 1838-56. Cornu, M. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France, 1876, vol. xxiii. |