BIOLOGY.-This species has been the subject of many cultures by me. It has been stated that the uredospores are provided with paraphyses; in this country they certainly are not. It has been affirmed, too, that Ranunculus repens and acris bear the acidiospores; but in numerous cultures, many of which were serial (¿.e. the same infecting material was simultaneously applied to a series of plants), no result was obtained on the above-named plants (R. acris and repens). The series included R. bulbosus, and on it, and on it alone, the æcidium developed, the other species named above (R. repens and acris), as well as R. ficaria and auricomus remaining free from the parasite; conversely, the acidiospores from R. bulbosus applied to Poa pratensis and trivialis produced no result. For a detailed account of these cultures, see Quart. Four. of Micro. Science, vol. xxv., new series, pp. 152–156. Uromyces poæ. Rabh. Ecidiospores-Similar to the preceding. Spores 15-20μ in diameter. Uredospores-Sori orange, rounded, elliptical, or linear; at first covered by the epidermis, which splits longitudinally. Spores rounded, elliptical, or ovate, finely echinulate, orange-yellow 16-26μ in diameter, without paraphyses. Teleutospores-Sori brown, small, punctiform or elongate, covered by the epidermis. Spores generally irregular in form, often elliptical or ovate, pale brown, with a smooth epispore, 17-25 × 25-40μ. Pedicels long, narrow, rather persistent. Synonyms. Ecidium ficaria. Pers., "Obs. Myc.," vol. ii. p. 23. Purton, "Midl. Flor.," vol. iii. p. 333. Sow, t. 397, fig. 4. Æcidium ranunculacearum, D. C. in part. Cooke, "Hdbk.," p. 539; "Micro. Fungi," 4th edit., p. 196, plate ii. figs. 12-14. Johnst., "Flor. Berw.," vol. ii. p. 206. Berk., " Eng. Flor.," vol. v. P. 370. Ecidium confertum. Grev., "Flor. Edin.," p. 446. Johnst., "Flor. Berw.," vol. ii. p. 205. Uromyces poa. Rabh., "Unio. Itin." (1866), No. xxxviii. Winter in Rabh., "Krypt. Flor.," vol. i. p. 162. Exsiccati. Cooke, i. 8; ii. 87; "L. F.," 55. Vize, "Fungi Brit.," 72. Æcidiospores on Ranunculus ficaria, repens, and bulbosus, March to May. Teleutospores on Poa trivialis, pratensis, and annua, April to July. BIOLOGY.-This species is said to occur on P. nemoralis as well as on P. pratensis and trivialis, but I have been unable to produce it on the first mentioned, although I have done so several times on the two latter. In one serial culture in which the Uromyces from P. trivialis was applied to R. ficaria, (2) repens, and (3) bulbosa, the æcidium was produced on the two latter, but not on the first named. No result was obtained on R. auricomus and acris. At present it is safer to say that Ur. poc has its acidiospores on R. ficaria, repens, and apparently on R. bulbosus (because I do not like to be too confident about one culture), and that it has its teleutospores on Poa trivialis and pratensis. I have failed more than once in producing the acidium on R. ficaria from the Uromyces on P. trivialis, although I have always succeeded with teleutospores from P. trivialis on R. repens, and I think it quite possible that there may be two species, the one having its teleutospores on P. trivialis, and its acidiospores on R. repens, the other with its teleutospores on P. pratensis, and its æcidiospores on R. ficaria. Further cultures can alone determine the truth of this surmise. Uromyces junci. (Desm.) Ecidiospores-Pseudoperidia circinating, cup-shaped, with whitish torn edges. Spores polygonal, irregular, globose or elongate, pale orange, smooth, 15-23μ in diameter. Uredospores-Sori on brown or yellowish elongated spots, scattered, irregular, rounded or elongated, confluent. Spores rounded or elliptical, echinulate, pale brown, 17-28 × 15-17μ. Teleutospores-Sori round or elongate. Spores dark brown, usually elliptical or cuneiform, with much thickened and often attenuated summits, deep brown, smooth, 20-40 × 15-20μ. Pedicels long, thick, pale brown. Synonyms. Uromyces junci (Desm.). Winter in Rabh., "Krypt. Flor.," vol. i. p. 162. Puccinia junci, Desm. "Plant. Crypt. Edin.," 2nd edit., No. 170. Ecidium zonale, Duby. "Bot. Gall.," vol. ii. p. 906. Uromyces junci, Tul. Cooke, "Grevillea," vol. vii. p. 139; "Micro. Fungi," 4th edit., p. 213. Exsiccati, Vize, "Micro. Fungi Brit.," 445 Æcidiospores on Inula dysenterica, May to July. Teleutospores on Juncus obtusiflorus, July to October, and lasting through the winter on the dead stems. BIOLOGY.-The presence of the mycelium of the acidiospores in the leaves causes round spots, which are yellowish in colour, and surrounded by a purple line. Fuckel suggested the probability of the connection between the acidiospores and the teleutospores, but I believe the actual demonstration of their relationship by culture was never made until I did so in 1882. Uromyces pisi. (Pers.) Ecidiospores-Scattered over the whole leaf surface. Pseudoperidia cup-shaped, with whitish edges. Spores subglobose or polygonal, orange, finely verrucose, 17-26μ in diameter. Uredospores-Sori roundish, scattered or crowded, cinnamonbrown. Spores subglobose or elongate, yellowish brown, echinulate, 17-20 X 20-25μ. Teleutospores-Sori roundish or elliptical, blackish. Spores subglobose or shortly elliptical, finely but closely punctate when recent, apex only slightly thickened, 20-30 X 17-20μ Pedicels long, colourless, fragile. Synonyms. Uromyces pisi (Pers.). Winter in Rabh., "Krypt. Flor.," vol. i. p. 163. Uredo appendiculata, B. pisi. Pers., "Observ. myc." in Usteri, Annal. d. Botan., vol. xv. p. 17. Uromyces pisi, De Bary. Cooke, "Grevillea," vol. vii. p. 135. Æcidiospores on Euphorbia cyparissias. Uredospores and teleutospores, on Fisum sativum. BIOLOGY.-I have no acquaintance with this as a British species, and the host-plant of its æcidiospores is not native in this country. Its life-history was worked out by Schröter, who states that the teleutospores occur on Vicia cracca, Pisum sativum, Lathyrus pratensis and sylvestris. He further finds that another æcidium on E. cyparissias produces another Uromyces-U. striatus, with brown teleutospores; which, when recent, are delicately striate with wavy lines, and which have a flat conchiform brown cap over the germ-pore. The latter occurs on Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium arvense, Medicago sativa, etc. II. BRACHYUROMYCES. Schröt. Having spermogonia, uredospores, and teleutospores. III. HEMIUROMYCES. Schröt. Having only uredospores and teleutospores, which occur on the same hostplant. Uromyces scutellatus. (Schrank.) Uredospores-Sori small, roundish, at first covered by the epidermis. Spores scanty, mixed with the teleutospores, roundish or subpyriform, with a thick colourless or yellowish-brown spore-membrane, smooth, verrucose or finely echinulate, 2035 X 15-25μ. Teleutospores-Irregular, rounded, ovate, or oblong, apices of the spores often surmounted with a broad, flat, pale or colourless papilla. Spores brown, smooth, tuberculate or reticulate, 20-40 X 15-25μ. Pedicels rather long, deciduous. Synonyms. Lycoperdon scutellatum, Schrank. "Baiersch Flor.," vol. ii. p. 631. Uredo excavata, D. C. "Synop. Plant.," p. 47. Uromyces scutellatus, Lév. Cooke, "Grevillea," vol. vii. p. 137, in part. Uromyces excavatus, D. C. Cooke, "Grevillea," vol. vii. p. 138; "Micro. Fungi," 4th edit., p. 213. Uromyces scutellatus (Schrank). Winter in Rabh., “Crypt. Flor.," vol. i. p. 144. On various Euphorbiæ (?). BIOLOGY.-The mycelium of the teleutospores permeates the whole plant. The foliage of the affected plants is altered by its presence, being shorter, broader, and thicker; moreover, they seldom blossom. The sori are scattered over the whole plant. Winter considers this species to belong to Hemiuromyces, Schröter that it is without uredospores. It is doubtfully British. Uromyces anthyllidis. (Grev.) Uredospores-Sori roundish, chestnut-brown. Spores subglobose, 22-24 in diameter, echinulate, chestnut-brown, with four or five germ-pores, contents orange-red. Teleutospores-Sori brownish black. Spores short, elliptical or globose, 19-22 X 17-20μ, dark chestnut-brown, markedly verrucose, apex rounded. Pedicels short, deciduous. Synonyms. Uredo anthyllidis. Grev. in Hook. Herb. Berk., "Eng. Flor.," vol. v. p. 383. Uromyces anthyllidis. Schröt., "Krypt. Flor. Schl.," vol. iii. p. 308. On Anthyllis vulneraria. June to October. Uromyces rumicis. (Schum.) Uredospores-Sori amphigenous, brown, small, round, scattered. Spores elliptical or subrotund, echinulate, pale brown, 20-25 X 20-30μ. Teleutospores-Sori dark brown, roundish, scattered. Spores roundish, elliptical or subpyriform, chestnut-brown, smooth, 25-35 × 15-25μ, apex of the spores having a pale, rounded, wart-like point. Pedicels short, deciduous. Synonyms. Uromyces rumicis (Schum.). Winter in Rabh., " Krypt. Flor.," vol. i. p. 145. Uredo rumicis, Schum. "Enum. Plant. Sæll.," vol. ii. p. 231. Purton, "Midl. Flor.," vol. iii. No. 1544. Uredo bifrons. Grev., "Flor. Edin.," p. 435. Berk., "Eng. Flor.," vol. v. p. 382. Johnst., "Flor. Berw.," vol. ii. p. 201. Cooke, "Hdbk.," p. 528; "Micro. Fungi," 4th edit., p. 217, t. vii. figs. 137-139. |