ogies in agriculture, in industry, and in the production and conservation of energy.

(b) As used in this section, the term "light capital technologies" means those means of production which economize on capital wherever capital is scarce and expensive and labor abundant and cheap, the purposes being to insure that the increasingly scarce capital in the world can be stretched to help all, rather than a small minority, of the world's poor; that workers will not be displaced by sophisticated labor-saving devices where there is already much unemployment; and further, that, poor nations can be encouraged eventually to produce their own capital from surplus labor time, thus enhancing their chances of developing independently of outside help.

FOREIGN EMPLOYMENT

*

SEC. 509. (a)-(c) 24 * * [Repealed-1982]

(d)(1) Section 1032 of title 10, United States Code, is repealed.25 (2) The section analysis for chapter 53 of such title is amended by striking out the item relating to section 1032.

(3) Section 280 of such title is amended by striking out "1032,”.

INTERNATIONAL FOOD RESERVE

SEC. 510.26 (a) The Congress finds and declares that

(1) half a billion people suffer from malnutrition or undernutrition;

(2) very modest shortfalls in crop production can result in widespread human suffering;

(3) increasing variability in world food production and trade remains an ever-present threat to producers and consumers;

(4) the World Food Conference recognized the urgent need for an international undertaking on world food security based largely upon strategic food reserves;

(5) the nations of the world have agreed to begin discussions on a system of grain reserves to regulate food availability;

(6) the Congress through legislation has repeatedly urged the President to enter negotiations with other nations to establish such a network of grain reserves;

24 Public Law 97-295 (96 Stat. 1304) made technical amendments to the text of secs. 509(a) through (c), codified it at 37 U.S.C. 908, and repealed the existing language of secs. 509(a) through (c). 37 U.S.C. 908 read as follows:

"3908. Employment of reserves and retired members by foreign governments

"(a) Subject to subsection (b) of this section, Congress consents to the following persons accepting civil employment (and compensation for that employment) for which the consent of Congress is required by the last paragraph of section 9 of article I of the Constitution, related to acceptance of emoluments, offices, or titles from a foreign government:

"(1) Retired members of the uniformed services.

"(2) Members of a reserve component of the armed forces.

"(3) Members of the Commissioned Reserve Corps of the Public Health Service.

"(b) A person described in subsection (a) of this section may accept employment or compensation described in that subsection only if the Secretary concerned and the Secretary of State approve the employment.".

25 10 U.S.C. 1032 granted congressional consent of foreign employment to reserve officers of the Armed Forces only.

26 22 U.S.C. 2220 note.

(7) little progress has resulted from the initial multilateral discussions toward the negotiation of an international grain reserve system;

(8) this lack of progress caused, in part, by lack of leadership in such discussions; and

(9) the United States is in a unique position as the world's most important producer of foodstuffs to provide such leadership.

(b) It is therefore the sense of the Congress that the President should initiate a major diplomatic initiative toward the creation of an international system of nationally held grain reserves which provides for supply assurance to consumers and income security to producers.

NEGOTIATIONS WITH CUBA

SEC. 511. (a) It is the sense of the Congress that any negotiations toward the normalization of relations with Cuba be conducted in a deliberate manner and on a reciprocal basis, and that the vital concerns of the United States with respect to the basic rights and interests of United States citizens whose persons or property are the subject of such negotiations be protected.

(b) Furthermore, it is the sense of Congress that the Cuban policies and actions regarding the use of its military and paramilitary personnel beyond its borders and its disrespect for the human rights of individuals are among the elements which must be taken into account in any such negotiations.

UNITED STATES POLICY TOWARD KOREA

SEC. 512.27 (a) The Congress declares that—

(1) United States policy toward Korea should continue to be arrived at by joint decision of the President and the Congress; (2) in any implementation of the President's policy of gradual and phased reduction of United States ground forces from the Republic of Korea, the United States should seek to accomplish such reduction in stages consistent with United States interests in Asia, notably Japan, and with the security interests of the Republic of Korea;

(3) any implementation of this policy should be carried out with a careful regard to the interest of the United States in continuing its close relationship with the people and government of Japan, in fostering democratic practices in the Republic of Korea, and in maintaining stable relations among the countries of East Asia; and

(4) these interests can be served most effectively by a policy which involves consultations by the United States Government, as appropriate, with the governments of the region, particularly those directly involved.

(b)(1) Any implementation of the foregoing policy shall be carried out in regular consultation with the Congress.

27 22 U.S.C. 2428a.

(2) Not later than February 15, 1978, and not later than February 15 of each year thereafter until any such withdrawal is completed, the President shall transmit a report in writing to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the Committees on Foreign Relations, Armed Services, and Intelligence of the Senate assessing the implementation of the foregoing policy.

UNITED NATIONS SPECIAL SESSION ON DISARMAMENT

INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION

SEC. 514. (a) Section 2(2) of the Act entitled "An Act to authorize conclusion of an agreement with Mexico for joint measures for solution of the Lower Rio Grande salinity problem," approved September 19, 1966 (22 U.S.C. 277d-31), is amended by inserting immediately after "$25,000" the following: "based on estimated calendar year 1976 costs, plus or minus such amounts as may be justified by reason of ordinary fluctuations in operation and maintenance costs involved therein,".

(b) Section 3 of the Act entitled "An Act to authorize the conclusion of agreements with Mexico for joint construction, operation, and maintenance of emergency flood control works on the lower Colorado River, in accordance with the provisions of article 13 of the 1944 Water Treaty with Mexico, and for other purposes", approved August 10, 1964 (22 U.S.C. 277d-28), is amended by inserting immediately after "$30,000" the following: "based on December 1975 prices, plus or minus such amounts as may be justified by reason of ordinary fluctuations in operation and maintenance costs involved therein,'

(c) Section 103 of the American-Mexican Treaty Act of 1950 (22 U.S.C. 277d-3) is amended by striking out "$100 per diem" in the second sentence and inserting in lieu thereof "the maximum daily rate for grade GS-15 of the General Schedule".

(d) The amendments made by this section shall take effect on October 1, 1977.

SEC. 515. (a) 29 *

FOREIGN GIFTS AND DECORATIONS

* *

(b)(1) After September 30, 1977, no appropriated funds, other than funds from the "Emergencies in the Diplomatic and Consular Service" account of the Department of State, may be used to purchase any tangible gift of more than minimal value (as defined in section 7342(a)(5) of title 5, United States Code) for any foreign individual unless such gift has been approved by the Congress.

(2) Beginning October 1, 1977, the Secretary of State shall annually transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and

28 Sec. 513, which had requested the Secretary of State to report at an appropriate date to Congress on procedures followed by the executive branch in preparation for the U.S. special session on disarmament and on U.S. objectives for that special session, was repealed by Sec. 505(a)(3) of Public Law 97-241 (96 Stat. 299).

29 Subsec. (a) comprehensively amended 5 U.S.C. 7342, entitled, "Receipt and disposition of foreign gifts and decorations". For text, see page 751.

the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report containing details on (1) any gifts of more than minimal value purchased with appropriated funds which were given to a foreign individual during the previous fiscal year, and (2) any other gifts of more than minimal value given by the United States Government to a foreign individual which were not obtained using appropriated funds.

n. Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1977

Partial text of Public Law 94-350 [S. 3168], 90 Stat. 823, approved July 12, 1976; as amended by Public Law 95-45 [Department of State Authorization, Fiscal Year 1977; H.R. 5040], 91 Stat. 221, approved June 15, 1977; Public Law 96-465 [Foreign Service Act of 1980, H.R. 6790], 94 Stat. 2071 at 2160, approved October 17, 1980; and by Public Law 97-241 [Department of State Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1982 and 1983; S. 1193], 96 Stat. 273 at 299, approved August 24, 1982

AN ACT To authorize fiscal year 1977 appropriations for the Department of State, the United States Information Agency, and the Board for International Broadcasting, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act may be cited as the "Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1977".

NOTE.-Sections amend other State Department or foreign relations legislation and are incorporated elsewhere in this volume. In addition, title V of this Act which relates to Foreign Service retirement may be found on page 535.

TITLE I-STATE DEPARTMENT

AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS

SEC. 101. (a) There are authorized to be appropriated for the Department of State for fiscal year 1977, to carry out the authorities, functions, duties, and responsibilities in the conduct of the foreign affairs of the United States, including trade negotiations, and other purposes authorized by law, the following amounts:

(1) For the "Administration of Foreign Affairs", $552,455,000. (2) For "International Organizations and Conferences", $402,460,453.1

(3) For "International Commissions", $17,069,000.

(4) For "Educational Exchange", $68,500,000.

(5) For "Migration and Refugee Assistance", $28,725,000.2 (6) For increases in salary, pay, retirement, and other employee benefits authorized by law, and for other nondiscretionary costs, such amounts as may be necessary.

Sec. 1 of Public Law 95-45 substituted "$402,460,453" and "$28,725,000" in lieu of "$342,460,453" and "$10,000,000," respectively.

2 The Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1977 (Public Law 95-26), provided: "For an additional amount for 'Migration and refugee assistance', $18,725,000, to remain available until December 31, 1977: Provided, That of the funds appropriated under this paragraph, $3,000,000 shall be allocated for reception and placement of refugees in the United States: Provided further, That this appropriation shall be made available only upon enactment into law of authorizing legislation.".