should be in a different color than the dots.

[38 FR 10450, Apr. 27, 1973; 38 FR 12729, May 15, 1973. Redesignated at 42 FR 32514, June 27, 1977 and at 46 FR 63203, Dec. 31, 1981]

$52.226 Posting control charts.

It is desirable to post the control charts in such a place in the plant as to be clearly visible to the filler operator as well as other responsible plant personnel. The control charts serve as an aid to responsible plant personnel in controlling the filling process.

§ 52.227 Determination of tare of containers.

(a) General. Variations in the weight between individual empty containers (tare) must be taken into consideration when determining fill weights. These variations may be accounted for by procedure 1 or procedure 2 of this section.

(b) Procedure 1. Determine tare weights of each container size at least twice a week. In addition, determine tare weights whenever it is suspected that the present tare weight is no longer applicable. Some of the more common reasons for checking tare weights are changes in supply of containers, thickness of tin plate, and type of container.

(1) The number of empty containers taken at random from a given lot of containers to determine the average tare weight is as follows:

For containers equivalent to:
No. 21⁄2 container and smaller
than 10 empty containers.
Larger than No. 21⁄2

15 empty containers.

not less

not less than

(c) Procedure 2. Preweigh a container (preferably stainless steel or other noncorrosive material) of suitable capacity and use this container as the standard tare. Drain the contents of the filled container as prescribed in §52.229 and transfer drained fruit or vegetable ingredient to the preweighed tare.

$52.228 Sampling.

(a) Subgroup size. Unless otherwise specified, the subgroup size shall be five sample units.

(1) The control chart values, except for Xmin, will always be based on the specified subgroup size. When a subgroup size other than that specified is used, the values for the applicable limits must be changed accordingly.

(b) Time and point of sampling. The subgroups are drawn at a point in the process where no further change in the fill weight of the fruit or vegetable ingredient can occur.

(c) Sampling frequency. Unless otherwise specified, the sampling frequency for all canned fruits, vegetables, and related products, for which fill weights have been established shall be approximately every 45 minutes.

(1) The sampling frequency should be arranged to obtain subgroups at varying intervals and drawn in such a manner that the filler operators will not know when a subgroup will be drawn or which containers will be in the subgroup. This is important so that a nonbiased sample will be selected which will reflect the normal filling process.

[38 FR 10450, Apr. 27, 1973; 38 FR 12729, May 15, 1973. Redesignated at 42 FR 32514, June 27, 1977 and at 46 FR 63203, Dec. 31, 1981]

§ 52.229 Measurements.

(a) Immediately after the subgroup has been drawn, invert each container on the hand or sieve and allow the product to drain until free from liquid, but in no case less than 10 seconds. In this step, do not remove the product from the container when procedure 1 as prescribed in §52.227 is used. The sample units are then weighed and the net weight of the fruit or vegetable ingredient (total weight minus tare weight) for each sample unit is recorded on the X and R data sheet.

(b) In the case of procedure 1 if it is suspected that the weight of individual empty containers deviate from the average tare weight to cause an individual measurement to fall slightly below (or slightly above) LRL, the following procedure may be used:

(1) After the X value has been obtained as previously described, empty the contents of the suspected container and wipe it clean and dry.

(2) Weigh the suspected dry container. The amount of deviation is the difference between the weight of the

individual container and the average tare weight.

(3) Adjust the suspected X value by the amount of deviation thus found.

(c) When adjustments for tare weight are made for individual measurements that fall slightly below LRL, adjustments must also be made for individual measurements that are slightly above

LRL.

(1) When an X. Mi, or X value(s) causes a code or distinctive mark to be rejected, the code or mark for the remainder of the shift may be changed to provide a chance for subsequent production for that shift to pass.

(c) Sampling allowances. The sampling allowance code for each can size and style is specified in the grade standards which incorporate fill weights and the supplement to these standards for the

$52.231 Interpretation of plotted values with respect to limits.

(a) Warning limits. The values representing LWL and LWLx are provided for the processor's benefit to use for control purposes. These limits are not to be confused with the reject limits.

(1) An X value that falls between LWL and LRL or X value that falls between LWL and LRL; may be expected occasionally, even when the process is still meeting requirements. This is the point, however, at which corrective action in the filling procedure may be taken.

(b) Code segregation. The acceptance criteria specified in the proposed U.S. Standards for Inspection by Variables requires all X values to be equal to or above LRL for a low-sided specification and all Mi or X values to be equal to or above LRL..

sampling allowance, first obtain the letter code for the appropriate container size and style from the table containing the fill weight values. Locate the line represented by this code on the sampling allowance chart accompanying the U.S. Standards for Inspection by Variables. This line represents the sampling allowance for the various sample sizes. Deduct this value from X'min. Do not add this value to X or MI.

(1) The sampling allowance does not apply to a sample size of less than 10 sample units.

[38 FR 10450, Apr. 27, 1973; 38 FR 12729, May 15, 1973. Redesignated at 42 FR 32514, June 27, 1977 and at 46 FR 63203, Dec. 31, 1981]

OPTIONAL FILL WEIGHT PROCEDURE FOR SMALL LOTS

§ 52.232 Optional fill weight procedure for small lots.

(a) For lots consisting of 100 cases or less which require 4 hours or more to pack, the following minimum sampling rate and acceptance criteria may be used in lieu of the requirements and procedures outlined in the U.S. Standards for Inspection by Variables. The conventional average option must be used for this procedure. Do not use the sample median (MI).

(b) Draw a minimum of 15 sample units, one or two at a time throughout the entire production of the lot. The sampling intervals shall be such that the total sample will be representative of the lot.

(c) Accept the lot if:

(1) No X value is less than LRL. (2) X is equal to or greater than X'min adjusted; and

(3) The condition under paragraph (d)(3) of this section does not exist. (d) Reject the lot if:

Subpart-United States Standards for Grades of Canned Apple Juice

SOURCE: 47 FR 5876, Feb. 9, 1982, unless otherwise noted.

$52.301 Product description.

(a) Canned apple juice is the unfermented juice obtained from sound, ripe apples, with or without parts. Concentrated apple juice may be added, provided that any added apple juice concentrate shall not contribute more than one-fourth of the total apple juice solids in the finished apple juice. No water may be added directly to the finished food. Natural volatile apple juice components (apple essence) may be restored to a level that provides a natural apple juice flavor.

(b) The apple juice may be processed with or without the addition of antioxidants and is sufficiently processed to assure preservation of the product in hermetically sealed containers.

$52.302 Styles of canned apple juice.

(a) Style I, Clear-typical of clarified apple juice.

(b) Style II, Cloudy-typical of nonclarified apple juice, but not a crushed or disintegrated apple product.

$52.303 Definitions of terms.

(a) Absence of defects means the degree of freedom from sediment or other residue, dark specks, particles of seeds, coarse particles of pulp, or other defects.

(b) Acid means grams of acid, calculated as malic acid, per 100 g of apple juice determined by titration with standard sodium hydroxide solution, using phenolphthalein as indicator.

(c) Brix means the percent, by weight, of natural apple soluble solids in the apple juice, corrected to 20° C (68° F).

(d) Color means the apple juice is typical of freshly pressed juice.

(e) Flavor means the degree of excellence and palatability of the apple juice with a distinct flavor and aroma typical of apple juice that has been properly processed.

$52.304 Grades.

(a) U.S. Grade A is the quality of canned apple juice that:

(1) Meets the applicable requirements of Table I or Table II; and

(2) Scores not less than 90 points. (b) U.S. Grade B is the quality of canned apple juice that:

(1) Meets the applicable requirements of Table I or Table II; and

(2) Scores not less than 80 points. (c) Substandard is the quality of canned apple juice that fails to meet the requirements for U.S. Grade B.