...the Clergy; ignorance and servility in the laity; in both, superstition, Opinion of the Court. 370 US thus stands as an expression of principle on the part...magistrate." Another purpose of the Establishment Clause rested upon an awareness of the historical fact that governmentally established religions and religious...

...against Vitale. The following statement of Mr. Justice Black suggests a more inclusive interpretation : "The establishment clause thus stands as an expression...its 'unhallowed perversion' by a civil magistrate" (id., p. 10). And further : "It is neither sacrilegious nor antireligious to say that each separate...

...their respect for any religion that had relied upon the support of government to spread its faith." The Establishment Clause thus stands as an expression...holy, to permit its "unhallowed perversion" by a civil magistrate.15 Another purpose of the Establishment Clause rested upon an awareness of the historical...

...their respect for any religion that had relied upon the support of government to spread its faith.14 The Establishment Clause thus stands as an expression...magistrate." Another purpose of the Establishment Clause rested upon an awareness of the historical fact that governmentally established religions and religious...

...their respect for any religion that had relied upon the support of government to spread its faith." The Establishment Clause thus stands as an expression...magistrate." Another purpose of the Establishment Clause rested upon an awareness of the historical fact that governmentally established religions and religious...

...from the limitations of the Establishment Clause (370 US, at p. 430). The majority opinion summed up: The Establishment Clause thus stands as an expression...its "unhallowed perversion" by a civil magistrate (370 US, at pp. 431-432). (3) The Court also rejected the suggestion that its decision required government...

...free conscience generally have flourished with the Court's steady enforcement of the "principle * * * that religion is too personal, too sacred, too holy,...its 'unhallowed perversion' by a civil magistrate." Engel v. Vitale, supra, 370 US at 432, 82 S.Ct. at 1267. Today's decision disserves that principle....

...and preconstitutional history. The Court found two broad purposes behind the establishment clause: Its first and most immediate purpose rested on the...its "unhallowed perversion" by a civil magistrate. The second purpose rested upon an awareness of the historical fact that governmentally established...

...constitutionally compelled separation of Church and State and to undermine the fundamental principle that "religion is too personal, too sacred, too holy, to permit its "unhallowed perversion' by [civil authority] ."30 Three arguments are most commonly offered in opposition to Enqel and Schempp....

...affairs, thus threatening the autonomy of the religious organizations or of the Government. In Engel v. Vitale, 370 US 421, 431-32 (1962), the Supreme Court...rests upon an awareness of the historical fact that governmentally established religions and religious persecutions go hand in hand." Many of our Catholic...