Scabrous, rough, covered with minute elevations.
Scarce, rarely present, occurring here and there.

Scattered, not crowded, being at some distance apart.

Saccharine, resembling sugar, covered with shining grains like sugar. Sclerotium, an old genus of fungi comprising hard, black, compact bodies which are now proved to be a resting condition of the mycelium of certain fungi, as of Peziza tuberosa, etc.

Scrobiculate, marked with little pits.

Scutellate, formed like a dish or saucer, orbicular and nearly flat. Septate, having divisions, partitioned off into separate compartments. Septum, the division wall of a cell.

Seriate, arranged in a row.

Serrated, toothed on the margin like the edge of a saw.
Setaceous, furnished with bristles, in the form of a bristle.

Setulose. See Setaceous.

Sinuate, Sinuous, Sinuose, the margin uneven with alternate concavities and convexities.

Solitary, not closely associated with others.

Spadicious, date-brown, duller and darker than bay-brown.

Spathulate, spoon-shaped, rounded at the summit and narrowed towards the base.

Spermogonia, receptacles in which spermatia are produced in fungi and lichens.

Spherical, Spheroid, shaped like a sphere.

Spicula, a little spike.

Sporidiiferous, bearing sporidia.

Sporidium, an ascospore, or endospore; differs from a spore in being developed within another cell.

Spurious, false, counterfeit, having only an appearance.

Squamulose, covered with small scales.

Stellate, star-shaped, radiating from a common centre.

Sterigmata, a prop, a filament which supports a spore.

Stipitate, having a stem.

Stuffed, filled with a cottony web or spongy mass distinct from the walls.

Striate, channelled, furrowed, marked with grooves.

Strigose, rough with fascicles of hairs, hispid.

Stroma, a more or less continuous layer, varying in consistence from fleshy to carbonaceous, arising from the mycelium, on which the receptacles are seated, as in the genera Ephelis and Dermateu. Stylogonidia, gonidia formed by abstriction on the ends of special filaments.

Stylospores, stalked spores, either produced within a special receptacle, as in pycnidia, or unenclosed, as amongst the Coniomycetes. Sub-, a prefix to another word, implying somewhat near the thing named; as subglobose, somewhat globose.

Subhymenial, immediately beneath the hymenium.

Subiculum, a mass of filaments, a layer of loosely compacted mycelium
on or amongst which the receptacles are developed.
Subterranean, growing beneath the surface of the ground.
Subulate, awl-shaped, like a cobbler's awl.

Succulent, juicy, when the cellular tissue is abundant and replete with juices.

Sulcate, furrowed, marked by depressed parallel lines.

Sulphureous, the colour of sulphur, a pale tint of pure yellow.

Superficial, seated on the surface.

Superior, higher up, situated above another, on the top.

Tan-coloured, the colour of wash-leather; synonym of Alutaceous. Tapesium, a carpet or layer of mycelium on which the receptacle is seated.

Tawny, a yellowish dark colour, a deeper shade than tan-colour.
Terete, cylindrical and tapering.

Testaceous, brick-coloured, a reddish-brown, not so bright as lateritious.
Thalamium, synonym for Hymenium.

Thickened, when the thickness of a part is relatively greater than the adjoining part; synonym for Incrassated.

Tomentose, covered with pubescence consisting of hair closely matted, coated with down-like hairs.

Tomentum, flocks of wool, loosely matted fibres.

Translucent, transparent, admitting rays of light, clear.

Tremellose, shaking like jelly, of a jelly-like consistence.

Tri-, a prefix denoting three; as triseptate, having three septa.
Truncate, terminating as if abruptly cut off.

Tuberculate, covered with pimples or tubercles, having tuberous

swellings.

Tuberous, in the form of a tuber.

Tumid, swollen, inflated.

Turbinate, top-shaped, having an outline similar to a boy's spinning

top.

Umber, a dark brown, the colour of umber.

Umbilicate, having a little navel, having a little depression in the

centre.

Uncinute, hooked or hook-shaped.

Undulated, waved, with gentle elevations and depressions; synonym for Repand.

Uni-, a prefix denoting one or the same: as uniseptate, having one

septum; uniform, of one form.

Unilocular, having but one cell.

Uniseriate, in one series.

Urceolate, shaped like a pitcher with a contracted mouth.

Urn-shaped, shaped like a vase roundish in form and enlarged in the middle.

Vasculiform, having the form of a little vessel, like a common flower-pot.

Veil, a partial covering of the cup; a membranaceous, fibrous, or granulose coating stretching over the mouth of the cup, soon breaking up into fragments.

Venoso-costate, having raised lines partly resembling veins and partly ribs.

Ventricose, big-bellied, swollen out, puffed up.

Verrucose, warted.

Vesicular, like a bladder.

Villose, Villous, covered with long, weak hairs.

Vinous, the colour of red wine.

Vitelline, the colour of the yelk of an egg.

Waved, having an alternately concave and convex surface or margin. Waxy, the consistence of wax.

AUTHORS QUOTED.

A. and S.

(See Exsiccati, p. 436.)

Conspectus Fungorum in Lusatia Superioris Agro Niskiensi crescentium. Par J. B. de Albertini et L. D. de Schweiniz. 8vo. Lipsiæ: 1805. 12 pl. col.

Afzel. in Vet. Ac. Handl.

De Vegetabilius Suecanis Observationis et Experimenta. Adamus
Afzelius. Upsaliæ: 1785.

Ann. Nat. Hist.

Annals and Magazine of Natural History. London: 1838-1885. Berkeley and Broome's contributions are quoted by the number attached to the species.

Ann. Sc. Nat.

Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique. 6 series. Paris: 1824-1885.

Bail.

Esculent Funguses. Dr. Badham. 8vo. London: 1847.

Das System der Pilza. By Theodor Bail. Bonn: 1856.
Balb. in Memoir Acad. Imp. Tur.

G. B. Balbis in Memoire della Imp. Accademia delle Scienze di
Torino. Turin.

Act. Taur. Same as preceding.

B. and Br.

Rev. M. J. Berkeley and C. E. Broome. See Ann. Nat. Hist.

Barla.

Les Champignons de la Province de Nice. J. B. Barla. Folio-ob.
Nice: 1859.

Batsch.

Batt.

Elenchus Fungorum. Augustus Batsch. Halæ: 1783-1786.
Cont.

Continuation of above in vol. ii.

Fungorum Agri Arminensis Historia. A. J. Antonio Battarra.

4to. Faventiæ: 1755.

Berk, and Curt.

Berk.

Rev. M. J. Berkeley and Dr. Curtis, Notices of North American
Fungi, in Grevillea.

Rev. M. J. Berkeley.
Crypt. Bot.

Introduction to Cryptogamic Botany. 8vo. London: 1857.
Outl.

Outlines of British Fungology. 8vo. London: 1860.

Proc. N. H. Soc. Berw.

Proceedings of the Natural History Society of Berwick-on-Tweed. Berl. Ges. Naturf.

Berliner Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde. Berlin: 17751880.

Bernh. Manip.

An old author quoted by Fries in Systema Mycologicum. Bert. in Mont. Syll.

M. Bertero in Montagne's Sylloge.

Bivona Manip.

Bolt.

Theophilus Bischoff. 4to. Nürnberg:

Stirpium rariorum minusque cognitarum in Sicilia sponte provenientium descripto. A. B. Bivona. Manipulus iv. Panormi: 1813.

A History of Funguses growing about Halifax. James Bolton. 4to. Huddersfield: 1788-1791.

Bon., Handb.

Handbuch der Allgeminen Mykologie. H. F. Bonorden. 8vo.
Stuttgart: 1885.

Bot. Central.

Botanisches Centralblatt. 8vo. Kassel: 1880.

Bot. Zeit.

Botanische Zeitung. Berlin and Leipzig: 1843-1886.