Karst., "Mon. Pez.," p. 175; Phil. and Plow., "Grevillea," x. p. 68. Orbilia luteo-rubella-Karst., "Symb.," p. 248; "Myco. Fenn.," p. 101.

On dead willow bark. Nylander and Karsten find it on poplar and elder, also on dead polyporus. July to September.

Cups about to of a line broad. Approaches very near to C. leucostigma.

Name Luteus, yellow, rubellus, reddish.
Shrewsbury!

16. Calloria rubella.

Pers.

Gregarious, minute, sessile, between soft and waxy, becoming somewhat plane, smooth, flesh-red; margin sublaciniate; sporidia 8, minute, cylindrical, 6 × 2μ.

Peziza rubella-Pers., "Syn. Fung.," p. 635; and 'Myco. Eur.,” i. p. 304; A. and S., p. 308; Fries, " Obs. Myco.," i. p. 163; "Sys. Myco.," ii. p. 141; "Summa Veg. Scan.," p. 353; Wallr., "Flo. Germ.," Flo. Germ.," p. 469; Rabh., Krypt. Flo.,” i. p. 347; B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.," No. 1484; "Grevillea," iii. p. 122. Mollisia rubella—

Gill., "Champ.,” p. 124.

Exs.-Karst., " Fung. Fenn.," No. 834.

On decayed wood with P. vinosa.

"Cups 1 to 2 lines broad" (B. and Br.).

"Semi

pellucid, convex, then plane and subflexuose; margin

minutely velvety" (M. C. C. in MS.).

Name-Rubella, reddish.

New Pitsligo (Rev. J. Fergusson).

17. Calloria auricolor. (Blox.)

Gregarious, soft, subgelatinous, orange, marginate, springing from a stratum of delicate, hyaline filaments; sporidia 8, narrow.

Peziza auricolor, Blox.-B. and Br., "Ann. Nat." Hist.," No. 1068; Cooke, "Handbk.,” No. 2098.

On the under side of a fallen tree.

"Cups with a broad raised margin, springing from delicate, radiating, hyaline, interwoven hairs. The

evident affinity of this species to P. vinosa induces us to place it in Mollisia rather than in Tapesia" (M. J. Berk.). Name-Aurum, gold, color, colour; golden-yellow. Gopsal (Rev. A. Bloxam).

18. Calloria inflatula. (Karst.)

Gregarious, nearly plane, thin, hyaline-white, when dry globose-inflated, angularly contracted, dirty-yellow or nearly brick-red; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, acicular-filiform, 4-7 × 5μ.

Peziza inflatula-Karst., " Mon. Pez.," p. 175. Orbilia inflatula-Karst., "Myco. Fenn.," p. 100,

On bark and wood.

Cupstoof a line broad. Nearly allied to Peziza epipora, Nyl.

Leigh Woods and Stapleton Park, near Bristol! (Mr. C. Bucknall).

19. Calloria diaphana. (Sow.)

Scattered, urceolate, then plane, whitish, hyaline. Mollisia diaphana-Gill.," Champ.," p. 132. Peziza vulgaris, Fries, var. B. diaphana-Sow., “Fung.,” t. 389, f. 7. Mollisia vulgaris-Gill., " Champ.," p. 119. On fallen branches.

Name-Siapavís, diaphanous; transparent.

Order V.-DERMATEÆ. Fries.

Receptacles corky, coriaceous, or horny, mostly erumpent and cæspitose, sessile or substipitate, urceolate, concave or plane; epiphytal. (Plates X., XI. figs. 64-69.) In some of the genera included here spermogonia and pycnidia have been observed.

The plants in this order are characterized by their firm texture and dark colour, varying from rhubarbbrown to umber-brown and black; they are nearly all erumpent, and the majority cæspitose and united at the

base, as if arising from a common stroma. In Tympanis they approach Patellaria; in Heterosphæria they simulate Sphæria; in Dermatea they have some likeness to Helotium; but attention to the texture and fructification will prevent the possibility of error.

Name from the typical genus Dermatea.

ARRANGEMENT OF THE GENERA.

I. Encalia. Fries.

IV. Tympanis. Fries.

V. Crumenula. De Not. VI. Ephelis. Fries.

II. Dermatea. Fries.

III. Cenangium. Fries.

KEY TO THE GENERA.

Receptacles seated on an effused horny crust

Receptacles corky or granular; flesh generally

brown

Receptacles coriaceous; sporidia filiform

Receptacles coriaceous; sporidia oblong

Receptacles horny or coriaceous, the base more or
less prolonged below (so that they are not globose,
as in Heterosphæria)

Ephelis.

Dermatea.

Crumenula,

Encœlia.

1

1.

(Receptacles black, very rarely mealy

Tympanis.

Receptacles rarely quite black, generally mealy .. Cenangium.

Cups sessile, at first closed or nearly closed, at length open, concave, more or less coriaceous; externally furfuraceous or naked; sporidia 8, oblong; epiphytal. (Plate X. fig. 64.)

Name-v, within, and kótλoç, hollow
Only three British species.

1. Encalia fascicularis. (A. and S.)

Caespitose, rarely solitary, sessile, leathery membranaceous, irregular, rugose, blackish; externally rather mealy; hymenium concave, dark bay-brown, becoming paler; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, oblong,

straight or curved, 14 × 4μ; paraphyses filiform, clavate at the apices. (Plate X. fig. 64.)

Peziza fascicularis-A. and S., "Consp.," p. 315, t. 12, fig. 2; Fries, "Sys. Myco.," ii. p. 75; “Eng. Flo.," v. p. 191; Cooke, "Handbk.," No. 2009. Encalia fascicularis-Karst., " Myco. Fenn.," p. 217. Dermatea fascicularis-Fckl., "Symb. Myco.," p. 278. Peziza crispa-Sow., t. 425; Purt., " Midl. Flo.," t. 7. Cenangium fasciculare-Gill., "Champ.," p. 196.

Exs.-Fries, No. 291; Sommf., No. 97; Berk., exs. No. 154; Rabh., "Fung. Eur.," No. 721; Fckl., “F. Rh.," No. 1028; Karst., " Fung. Fenn.," No. 69; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.," No. 478; Phil., "Elv. Brit.," 17; Rehm, "Asco., No. 301; Roumg., "Fung. Gal.," 2274.

"

On dead branches of Fraxinus, Salix, Populus, etc. Cups about 4 lines broad. Cæspitose, 6 to 12 united, but sometimes solitary, thin, submembranaceous, hemispherical, but compressed, and margin sinuate; externally blackish, coated with a fugaceous meal.

Name Fasciculus, a small bundle; fasciculate.

King's Cliffe, Northamptonshire (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). King's Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Near Carlisle ! (Dr. Carlyle).

364.

Var. repagulis-Cooke in "Fung. Brit.," ed. ii. No.

2. Encœlia furfuracea. (Fries.)

Sessile, between fleshy and leathery; externally pallid, mealy; margin involute, entire; hymenium cinnamonblackish; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, oblong, straight or curved, 2 to 4-guttulate, 10-12 x 3μ; paraphyses stout, enlarged upwards.

Peziza furfuracea-Fries, "Sys. Myco.," ii. p. 76; Eng. Flo.," v. p. 192; Roth., ii. t. 9, f. 3; Pers., " Syn. Fung.," p. 672; Cooke, "Handbk.," No. 2010. Cenangium furfuracea-Gill., "Champ.," p. 196. Dermatea furfuracea-Fries, "Summa Veg. Scan.," p. 362; Fckl., Symb. Myco.," p. 278. Encelia furjuracea-Karst., "Myco. Fenn.," p. 218.

Ꮓ

Exs.-Karst., "Fung. Fenn.," No. 326, 554; Fckl., "F. Rh.," No. 326; Rav., vi. No. 86; Cooke, "Fung. Brit.," 453; Phil., "Elv. Brit.," 18.

On Corylus avellana and Alnus incanus.

Varying greatly in size from 1 lines to an inch broad. Caespitose or solitary, erumpent, variously deformed by pressure, coated with a pale rusty meal; hymenium cinnamon.

Name Furfur, bran; branny.

Glapthorn, Northamptonshire (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). King's Lynn, Norfolk! (Mr. C. B. Plowright).

3. Encalia Bloxami (nov. sp.).

Gregarious, often caespitose, shortly stipitate, cyathiform, coriaceous, blackish brown, minutely verrucose; hymenium lurid brown; margin slightly undulating; flesh dark purple-brown; asci clavate; sporidia 8, elliptic, 3-4 x 2u; paraphyses filiform, adherent.

Fusiform, uniseptate, stylospores on slender filaments. are abundantly intermixed with the asci and paraplyses, the summits rising a little above the surface of the hymenium.

Patellaria Bloxami-Berk. in Bloxam's herb. at

Kew.

On dead wood.

Cups about 1 to 4 lines broad. When dry the plant is black; the purple-brown colour of the interior is only visible in a microscopic section. The stylospores appear to arise from the subhymenial tissue, and are by no means an accidental addition, for they are present in all the cups I examined. They are similar bodies to those in Peziza diplocarpa, Currey, and cannot be explained as spores that have germinated. On the surface of the very young cups a few short hairs occur. The cells of the pseudo-parenchyma are about 7 to 5μ across.

Habitat not given.