student connects up directly and clearly with this published record, and no one is or has been working on the same line he would be allowed to use the book, record and check all information, assuming at the same time the responsibility of attending to all the temple work for that line. The same rule holds good for Saints who privately own published family histories. It would still be advisable, however, for the lone individual to form a family and a surname organization.

If he can not prove descent, yet found no other working on the line, he would still be advised and even required to take the usual steps in forming a surname family organization, in order to use the family history. By consultation with proper authority, consent might be thus obtained to use the family history.

There are over 1,200 American family histories on our shelves, and they should be used by the people. These books usually contain, besides all the family data found in scattered American genealogies, much English information on the emigrant line. Here again, however, care must be taken to check the same information which is often found scattered throughout town and county histories, through Savage's "Genealogical Dictionary" and similar early American collections. "Munsell's Index" clearly indicates where the family line is found published and the students should co-operate with the Library in counter-checking duplicated historical books with all such data which has been gathered for him in the published family history. If the family is a numerous one and wide-spread in its divisions one book may take only one branch of the emigrant family, another book a second branch and so on; but all data should be checked and counter-checked to prevent further duplication.

If no family history has been published, then the student may begin his search by consulting all books bearing on his subject. If his name is a common family name or one of frequent use, such as Adams, Smith, Taylor or Jones, he would be restricted, if he were not working for a Surname organization.

Consulting Card Index on Family and Surname Organization.

Another necessary step for the student is to examine the index files containing the names and addresses of the various family and surname organizations in the Church. At once the student may find himself connected up with his own relatives or surname associates. He takes off the name of the secretary or secretaries of such societies and writes for mutual help and cooperation.

Sectional and Restricted Research.

Mention has been made of the rule in the Library and, indeed, of general application, that surname lines, unless taken by Surname Family Associations, should be confined to the locality from whence the family came. For instance: an Adams family from Scotland would be advised to confine their researches to Scotland. It would be unwise to allow a Scotch Adams researcher who represented no surname association to go into England, Ireland, Wales and the United States, for there are dozens of unrelated Adams lines found in all the various countries.

Indeed there might be, and are, Adams names and pedigrees found in both Highlands and Lowlands in Scotland. If the Adams families in this Church did not, or would not, unite in a surname organization, the only safe thing to do is to confine the various Adams branches to their own family location, except through consent of this Society.

Family and Surname Groups.

In a later chapter complete instructions are given as to the formation and rules of family and surname organizations. The work of an agent for such a Society in the Library is restricted only by the general procedure regulating all labor carried on therein.

Surname Agents.

It will be wise for the surname agent to be guided exactly by the points made in these lessons: Begin with one family; place only one family in one book; if there are several surname branches each branch should be kept sep

arate from all others; keep each heir at the head of his own family branch, count relationship only to that heir. Number each branch separately, unless a coded index be in use. Copy information on temple sheets in accordance with the foregoing suggestions.

Wherever there are two or more branches of any surname family, each branch, at least, should be represented by a separate membership. To be sure, the right and necessary thing is that each adult member of such family groups should be glad and proud to take out a membership in the Society. Yet it is the experience in the Library that large Surname organizations feel that one membership should entitle all the Surname families on that line to the privileges of the Society and the Library. This might be possible if the Society were wealthy and did not need the means to purchase more books. Membership money means more books in the Library.

Indexing Work.

A later chapter is devoted to instructions on indexing. All records, books, history and correspondence need indexing. A student beginning his reasearch work should begin with a card index of every name recorded in his note book. Infinite time and labor will be saved if he will do this. The person at home, no matter how few his names, how scant his correspondence or reference papers, will find an index the very keystone of the arch.

The convert out in the world, with access to parish churches, government record halls or genealogical and public libraries, will be royally helped with a simple index filing system.

The index does not, cannot take the place of the note book, family temple record book, or indeed of the great records deposited in our Temple archives. But all intelligent and forward-looking genealogists in this Church have excellent and more or less complete index files as part of their genealogical equipment.

Duplication Avoided.

To some conscientious Saints the thought of duplicating

the name and temple work of a dead soul is criminal. It is ever a matter of keen regret, for it involves wasted time, effort and money, if nothing more serious. Yet there is comfort in the thought that the Lord has been and is now in complete charge of the work. The Saints will be far less to blame if, in their eagerness to do the work for the dead, they duplicate some names already done than if they remain indifferent and cold, excusing their neglect because of some fancied risk of duplication.

The Genealogical Library is the Clearing House.

To assist in avoiding duplication the great index in this library is nearly ready for service. But avoiding duplication in research work is the key to the whole problem. The library is now at great pains to prevent duplication at its research source through its card index files, its daily checking card, its system of checking off names taken by agents and researchers from its books; but there remains the vast accumulation of genealogical books and manuscript genealogies in the homes of the people, and until the people generally assist by notifying the society and by using this Library as a Clearing House, duplication will continue.

Every name in such books and records should be, and must be, ultimately, card-indexed with duplicate cards sent to this office if duplication is to be stopped at its source, which is in the research work. Surname organizations will greatly assist to solve this problem.

Proof Reading:-Proof Read all Record Work.

The necessity of proof-reading, or comparing copied work with the original printed names and data, with the associated need of proof-reading all family temple record books with the pencil note books, is constantly emphasized in the library. Even more important is the necessity of proof-reading all temple sheets, comparing them minutely with the record books from which the names were taken. It is incredible that persons who know the importance of this work will allow themselves, or their agents, to be careless in this essential point.

CHAPTER 6

WORK IN THE LIBRARY: SOME STANDARD BOOKS

In genealogical libraries, and genealogical departments in public libraries, both in Europe and America, there are certain books usually to be found, books that are standard, containing general as well as detailed information on the subject of genealogy. All genealogists begin their research. by first applying to these books. The library of the Genealogical Society of Utah has quite a complete list of these books, and they are being added to rapidly.

Library Duplication.

No Latter-day Saint should collect names from books in any public or genealogical library, without notifying this Society at once, giving surname-line, heir, book-titles and his own name and address.

Standard Library Books.

The following English list is found in most libraries: Marshall's Genealogists' Guide; Gatfield's Guide to Heraldry and Genealogy; Guppy's Homes of Family Names; Bardsley's English Surnames; Family Names and Their Story, by S. Baring Gould; Gates' Surname Book and Racial History, and other surname books; Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage; Burke's Extinct Peerage; Burke's Landed Gentry; Harleian Society publications, Visitations, County or Shire Histories; History of the British Isles; printed family genealogies; The Scottish Nation; Parish Records. In the American Books are found Munsell's Index to American Families; Munsell's American Genealogist; Savage's Genealogical Dictionary; New England Historic, Genealogical Register; New York Historical and Biographical Record; American Ancestry; vital statistics; county histories, family genealogies, etc.