position and various strategic movements causing us to make forced and rapid marches, ending with a fight or skirmish. We have taken part in every engagement, were the very first to give information of the proximity of the enemy, and fired the first musket in this campaign. For twenty-five days we have not been out of sound or range of musketry or artillery, and many of my men have been for days without shoes, having nothing to protect their feet but pieces of blanket tied around them, still keeping up on the march and doing all their duties. Such devotion surely deserves credit. Notwithstanding the unprecedented severity of the campaign, the men are in the best of spirits, full of confidence and hope, and certain that full and sure success will eventually crown the efforts of our arms.

"At the battle of Allsop's Farm, on the 8th instant, Lucius R. Mills, of Company H, seized the colors of the 83d Pennsylvania from the ground, the color sergeant having been killed, and carried them twice with our front line to the top of the hill in two separate charges made by my regiment, in the second charge receiving a severe wound, but bringing the colors of the 83d safely off the field and returning them to the regiment. He is now in hospital suffering intensely from his wounds. I might mention many instances of individual gallantry, but where all have done so nobly it is almost impossible to particularize.

"I went into the first day's fight (May 5th) with 176 muskets, and have to-day 104 muskets. My losses have been made up partly by the return of slightly wounded men to duty and the return to the regiment of a number of detached men. At the battle of 'Island Ford,' or 'Jericho's Mill,' the evening we crossed the North Anna River, May 23d, we were engaged with the enemy for an hour and a half, but having the advantage of some hastily constructed breastworks, made of fence rails, our loss was small. Captain Lockley was severely wounded through the thigh in this fight.

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Captain L. C. Randall was killed in a night skirmish with the enemy on the night of the 10th. His body was carried to the rear, and interred with proper religious ceremonies by Chaplain Rowden.

"Captains Bradish and Randall have been connected with the regiment since the first organization of the three months' regiment, under Colonel Willcox. Entering the service as privates, they earned their rank by their gallantry and soldierly qualities, having been in nearly every battle in which the regiment has been engaged, each having received severe wounds in battle. In them the regiment and the service lose two noble and gallant officers.

"The loss of the regiment in killed in these battles was two officers and twenty men; wounded, five officers and sixty-two men, including Lieutenants Low and Palmer among the wounded."

Mr. Greeley, in noticing the affair in the Wilderness, says:

"Hill, having by an early advance secured a strong and sheltered position on a ridge crossing a road, repelled with loss the brigades of Bartlett and Ayres, of Griffin's division, that were first sent against him."

Crossing the Pamunky river, the regiment advanced to near Cold Harbor, and participated in the engagements near that place on June 1st and 2d, being at Magnolia Swamp and Bethesda Church.

From a report of Colonel Throop regarding services of his regiment at these points:

"On the 1st of June our lines were advanced, the regiment acting as a support to the skirmish line, with a loss of four men wounded; on the 2d and 3d we fought the battle of 'Bethesda Church,' on the ground over which we advanced on the 1st, losing one man killed and four wounded. We remained here in line of battle behind intrenchments until midnight of the 5th, when we withdrew, marching to 'Allen's Mills,' where we were put on the picket line, and remained until the morning of the 6th, then marched to the vicinity of Sumner's Lower Bridge,' on the Chickahominy river, where we bivouacked and remained until the night of the 12th, picketing the river and guarding the bridges. On the night of the 12th we crossed the Chickahominy at Long Bridge and marched to 'White Oak Swamp,' to hold the roads and cover the crossing of the main army and wagon trains.

The night of the 13th we marched to Charles City Court House, thence to Wilcox's Landing, on the James river, where lines of battle were again formed and intrenchments thrown up to cover the crossing to the south side of the 2d army corps. We crossed the James river on transports on the morning of the 16th, and marched directly for Peters

burg, arriving before the city about daylight of the 17th, since which time we have been at the front, continually exposed to the fire of the enemy, but well covered by heavy intrenchments; our losses have been comparatively light. Our duties for the last thirty days have been arduous and unceasing, but the spirits and confidence of our men remain unshaken and the health of the command is remarkably good. We are fully clothed and equipped, and are receiving abundant supplies of good, wholesome rations, with vegetables and dried fruit in liberal quantities. Casualties: Killed, two; wounded, fourteen, including Lieutenant Woodruff, mortally."

Proceeding to the James river, it crossed that stream on the 16th of June, and on the 17th arrived in front of the city of Petersburg, and was engaged on the 18th. From this date to the 17th of August, when it was relieved, the regiment was engaged in the construction of fortifications and in the trenches in front of Petersburg. The weather being exceedingly warm and the labor very great, the hardships which the regiment endured during this period were very severe. The men in the trenches were obliged to keep under cover to protect themselves from the enemy's artillery and the constant fire of sharpshooters. On the 18th the regiment marched to the Weldon Railroad. During the action which ensued it was held in reserve. It returned to the left of the Weldon road, and in front of the "Yellow House," where it erected strong works. On the 19th the regiment moved rapidly to the right to the support of the 2d division of its corps, which had been attacked, but the enemy were repulsed before its arrival on the ground. Returning to its former position, on the 21st it was attacked by the enemy, who were driven off after a short but somewhat warmly contested action.

From a report of Major Geo. C. Hopper, for August, 1864, covering services of his regiment:

"On the 1st day of August the regiment lay in the trenches before Petersburg, where it had lain during the month of July. We lay there doing picket and fatigue duty until the morning of the 16th, when we were relieved by a part of the 9th corps and moved back from the front, and were held in reserve until the 18th, when we took up the line of march for the Weldon railroad with the brigade. Arriving there about 12 M., we halted and rested in line of battle in rear of the 'Six Mile House' until 3 P. M., when we moved to the support of the 3d division of this corps which was then engaged with the enemy on the right of the railroad. From thence we were moved to the left of the railroad, nearly in front of the Six Mile House,' and proceeded to erect breastworks, after which we bivouacked for the night.

"On the morning of the 19th we strengthened our works, sent out fatigue parties, and slashed a large amount of timber in our front. About 4 P. M. we were again moved from our position along the line of the railroad to the support of General Ayres, 2d division, which was having a severe battle with the enemy. At night we were again moved back to our breastworks. There was some skirmishing by our pickets, but up to this time the regiment met with no loss.

"The 20th we remained quiet in camp, but on the morning of the 21st we were under arms at day break, and at 9 A. M. we were attacked by the enemy, who after a short and severe fight was handsomely repulsed.

"From the 21st to the 31st we have taken part in no engagement, but have had large details for picket and fatigue duties.

"Our casualties for the month are four wounded and four missing in action."

From a correspondent:

"Since my last we have changed our position a little. We now lay about three miles further to the left, on the Weldon railroad, some three miles from the city. We came here on the 18th of August, by a rapid march, surprising the enemy and capturing a number of his pickets. Possession was immediately taken of the road, and the work of demolition commenced. The enemy soon saw what had been lost, and made desperate efforts to regain the ground, and drive us away; but they soon found on this occasion, as on many others, that driving the 5th corps is no child's play. I will not go into a minute

description of the fighting that has taken place since the 18th of August for this railroad. The desperation with which the rebels have contended for the road shows its great importance to them. The hardest fighting in our immediate front occurred on Sunday, August 21st. On that day the enemy thought to turn our extreme left, and in strong force, with wild and prolonged yells. Their line extended some distance beyond the left of the 4th division of our corps. Our division, the 1st, occupied a line of works about eighty rods in the rear, and extending one-half a mile to the left of the 5th. This disposition of our forces the rebels did not discover till too late, and they were completely surprised. With the help of the artillery we inflicted severe punishment on them. Hagood's brigade, of Hill's corps, consisting principally of South Carolinians, was completely cut to pieces.

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'Lieutenant Colonel Throop has been ordered to take command of the 1st brigade of this (1st) division. Major George C. Hopper now has command of the regiment. Captain John Griffin, late in command of Company E, has resigned, and lately took leave of us for his home. He has served honestly and faithfully for over three years. In the action of Sunday we lost three men, probably taken prisoners while on picket at the time, and have not been heard from since."

Lying quietly in camp until the 30th of September, the regiment engaged in the movement of that date on the right of the enemy's line, near Poplar Grove Church, and participated in the desperate fighting that ensued. Unaided, it stormed and carried two strong fortifications, and a portion of one line of works. During this action the officer then commanding the regiment, Captain James H. Wheaton, was killed, being shot through the head with a minie ball. From a report of Captain A. H. Merritt for September, 1864:

*

*

"During this month the regiment lay in camp near the Six Mile House on the Weldon railroad and furnished very heavy details for picket and fatigue duty. Upon the 30th we received marching orders, and left our camping ground at 8 A. M. We moved to the extreme right of the enemy's position, which was near Poplar Grove Church,' and came up with their skirmishers after a march of about two miles. The regiment was deployed in front of the 3d brigade, 1st division, 5th corps, to which it belongs, and after forming, advanced, driving the enemy's skirmishers back to their works, which were well defended by artillery and dismounted cavalry, and protected by a strong line of abatis. We were ordered to charge, which we did, carrying the works in fine style. The abatis did not seem to be much of an impediment, some of the troops springing clear over it in their enthusiastic haste to capture the works and artillery. In this charge we captured a few prisoners, and by some mistake were separated from the rest of the brigade and marched to the right, where we were again forced to deploy as skirmishers in order to protect the flank of the division and to avoid capture, the other portion of the division having moved forward upon the enemy's second line of works. We advanced through a dense strip of wilderness, about one-fourth of a mile in extent, and after coming out into the open field discovered two strong fortifications and a portion of a line of works upon which we made an assault, and actually carried them, capturing two prisoners, and with a mere skirmish line without support. We held the ground thus gained against repeated assaults by the enemy's skirmishers, made to recapture it, until about 4 P. M., when we were relieved by the 2d division, 5th corps, and ordered to rejoin our brigade, where we found nearly one-half of the regiment, which had been relieved from picket after breaking camp in the morning, and had come up in time to participate in the day's battle.

"In the meantime the enemy had attacked the 9th corps, which had formed on our left, and was, after a desperate struggle, flanked upon the left and forced back for a considerable distance. Our brigade was ordered up as supports, and we arrived in time to aid in retaking the lost ground, and assisted in repulsing the enemy in three successive charges.

"In this last engagement Captain James H. Wheaton was killed, being shot through the head by a minie ball. After this sad casuality I assumed command of the regiment. "The battle being ended, shortly after dark the whole line fell back to the line of works captured in the first assault in the morning.

"During the month the regiment lost in killed 4, and 21 in wounded."

From the 2d of October to the 27th the regiment was engaged principally in throwing up fortifications, and on the latter date moved toward the South

Side railroad, but the movement not succeeding, it returned to camp on the 29th, and remained there on the 31st of October.

During the month of November it was encamped at Peebles's Farm, Va., before Petersburg, doing duty on the picket line, and in constructing fortifications. On the 6th of December the 5th corps, to which it was attached, started on a raid along the Weldon railroad. After crossing the Nottaway river, the regiment assisted in destroying several miles of that railroad. ceeding as far as Hicksford, it returned, arriving at its former encampment on the 12th. Remaining there until February 5th, 1865, it broke camp and moved to the left of the line, and in command of Colonel Geo. Lockley participated in the engagement on the 6th at Hatcher's Run, losing three killed and three taken by the enemy. It remained in camp near that place until the 29th of March. On the 25th of March the regiment was engaged on an attack on the enemy's right at Hatcher's Run, having several wounded. On the morning of the 29th it broke camp and engaged the enemy the same day on the White Oak road, and also on April 1st, at Five Forks; at Amelia Court House on the 5th, at High Bridge on the 6th, and at Appomattox Court House on the 9th.

From a correspondent:

"The 5th corps, as usual, has had its full share in the late move to the south side of Hatcher's river, and the 1st has also had its portion of the work to do. We left camp on the morning of the 5th, in light marching order, and took up our line of march toward the left, and reached the river about noon, where the advance was skirmishing with the enemy's pickets. A crossing was soon effected, and we continued on toward Dinwiddie Court House; bivouacked for the night about four miles from the Court House. At 11 o'clock we were aroused and ordered to fall in quietly, and soon were on the road again that we had come out on; following it a couple of miles, we bore to the left, and struck the south bank of the river higher up than where we crossed during the day. Here we halted for daylight. The night was very cold and the troops suffered considerably, many having no blankets or overcoats. On Monday morning at daylight the several brigades and divisions took their positions, our brigade occupying a line of rifle pits along the south bank of the river, constructed by the rebels. All was quiet during the forenoon save an occasional picket gun. About 3 P. M. the 3d division of the 5th corps moved forward, and soon became engaged, driving the enemy's pickets on the main force, and soon the attack became general along the whole line. About 4 o'clock our brigade, the 4th, was ordered up to reinforce the line, which was wavering, the enemy having a battery in position to enfilade the entire line, while our artillery could do nothing, owing to the nature of the ground.

"Lieutenant Colonel George Lockley was in command of the regiment. The roar of battle was now terrific, and as we neared the line of battle the usual scene of confusion presented itself, wounded men by hundreds running, walking, crawling, and going to the rear on stretchers. The shot and shell were hurling and crashing through the pines, cutting the tops and branches in a fearful manner. We were none too soon, for as we neared the front we met our troops fleeing in disorder from their line. All attempts to rally them were in vain. We begged, implored, and threatened; they rushed frantically through our lines, cutting us entirely in two. The rebels were close after them, and no time was to be lost, so we dashed forward through a narrow swamp and gained a rude fine of logs, thrown up by the rebels early in the day. The enemy were also making for the logs, but we reached them first, and opened such a murderous fire that the line of butternuts flew like chaff. They had reached to within ten rods of the works. Falling back into the edge of the woods, they kept up a rapid and galling fire on our position. Here Sergeant Geo. Tillotson, Co. B, Corporal Oscar Nash, Co. A, and acting Corporal Charles Wonderlick, Co. G, (color guard) were instantly killed. Soon bullets began to come into us both right and left, admonishing us that the enemy had come one of his Inevitable flank movements, and that those who did not want to go further south had better about face, and we 'abouted,' falling back one hundred rods, forming a new line and checking the advance of the enemy. Darkness put a stop to further fighting that day. During the night a severe storm of hail and sleet set in, turning to rain, which poured all next day, freezing as it fell, and we without tents. But time and space prevents further writing now. "Upon Lieutenant Colonel Geo. Lockley being wounded, Brevet Major Cornelius B. Vanvalor assumed the command and at this writing still has command of the regiment."

After the surrender of Lee the regiment proceeded to City Point, and was on duty there until May 16th, when it took transports for Alexandria, arriving there on the 18th, and on the 16th of June left for Louisville, Ky., by rail, which it reached on the 21st, and encamped near Jeffersonville, Ind. On the 9th of July the regiment was mustered out of service, and started, in command of Colonel Lockley, for Jackson, in this State, on the 10th, arriving there on the 12th, where it was paid off and disbanded.

The First was engaged with the enemy while in service at Mechanicsville, Va., June 26, 1862; Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862; Peach Orchard, Va., June 29, 1862; Savage Station, Va., June 29, 1862; Turkey Bend, Va., June 30, 1862; White Oak Swamp, Va., June 30, 1862; Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862; Harrison's Landing, Va., July 2, 1862; Gainesville, Va., August 29, 1862; Bull Run, 2d, Va., August 30, 1862; Antietam, Md., September 17, 1862; Shepardstown Ford, Va., September 20, 1862; Snicker's Gap, Va., November 14, 1862; Fredericksburg, Va., December 13, 14, 1862; U. S. Ford, Va., January 1, 1863; Chancellorsville, Va., May 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1863; Kelly's Ford, Va., June 9, 1863; Ashby's Gap, Va., June 21, 1863; Gettysburg, Penn., July 2, 3, 4, 1863; Williamsport, Md., July 12, 1863; Wapping Heights, Va., July 21, 1863; Culpepper, Va., October 13, 1863; Brandy Station, Va., October 13, 1863; Bristo Station, Va., October 14, 1863; Rappahannock Station, Va., November 7, 1863; Cross Roads, Va., November 26, 1863; Mine Run, Va., November 29, 1863; Wilderness, Va., May 5, 7, 1864; Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864; Po River, Va., May 10, 1864; Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864; Ny River, Va., May 21, 1864; North Anna, Va., May 23, 1864; Jericho Mills, Va., May 24, 1864; Noel's Turn, Va., May 26, 1864; Tolopotomy, Va., May 30, 1864; Magnolia Swamp, Va., June 1, 1864; Bethesda Church, Va., June 2, 1864; Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864; Weldon R. R., Va., August 19, 20, 21, 1864; Peeble's Farm, Va., September 30, 1864; Hatcher's Run, Va., October 27, 1864; Nottaway Court House, Va., December 8, 1864; Dabney's Mills, or Hatcher's Run, February 6, 7, 1865; Hatcher's Run, Va., March 25, 1865; White Oak Road, Va., March 29, 1865; Five Forks, Va., April 1, 1865; Amelia Court House, Va., April 5, 1865; High Bridge, Va., April 6, 1865; Appomattox Court House, Va., April 9, 1865; siege of Petersburg, Va., from June 17, 1864, to April 3, 1865.

This regiment had carried on its rolls in all 1,346 officers and men, and had lost 12 officers and 103 men killed in action, 3 officers and 32 men died from wounds, while 1 officer and 92 men had died of disease, being 243 of a total.

"What hallows ground where heroes sleep?
'Tis not the sculptured piles you heap!

In dews that heavens far distant weep
Their turf may bloom;

Or genii twine beneath the deep

Their coral tomb."

NOTE.-It was at the second battle of Bull Run that a cannon ball carried off a poor soldier's leg.

"Carry me to the rear!" he cried, to a tall Irish companion, who had been fighting by his side-" My leg's shot off."

The comrade caught the wounded soldier up, and as he was about to put him across his shoulder, another cannon ball carried away the poor fellow's head. His friend, however, in the confusion, did not notice this, but proceeded with his burden toward the rear. "What are you carrying that thing for?" cried an officer. "Thing?" returned he. "It's a man wid his leg shot off." Why, he hasn't any head!" cried the officer. The soldier looked at his load, and for the first time saw that what the officer said was true. Throwing down the body he thundered out: 'Confound him! he tould me it was his leg!"