than in several States in the United States.

Taiwan also has approximately 400 hospitals, health centers, and health stations operated or subsidized by the Government, in addition to about 3,000 privately operated medical establishments of various sizes.

Additionally, the Taiwan Sanitarium and Hospital, operated by an American religious society, is a modern and newly equipped plant. The single and double rooms are air conditioned and comfortably furnished, and the hospital staff is American and Chinese. There are several dentists and an eye specialist in Taipei who are well regarded.

Prior to departure from the United States, it is advisable to consult a physician as to what vitamins and other medicine may be essential for maintenance of family health. It is suggested that preparations recommended by the family doctor to be taken over a period of time be brought in at the time of entry.

Institutions and Language

Churches

Taipei has Christian churches of many denominations: Catholic, Presbyterian, Lutheran, Baptist, Seventh Day Adventist, and others, including some of an interdenominational character.

Anglican services are held in English every Sunday at the U. S. Military Assistance Advisory Group (MAAG) Chapel in the MAAG Compound at 9:30 a. m., and general Protestant services at 11 a. m. Α Sunday vesper service is conducted in English at the Y.M.C.A. on Hsu Chang Road. Church School for American children is held on Saturday mornings at 10 a. m. also at the Y.M.C.A.

Catholic Services, in English, are held at the Keelung Road Church at 10:15 a. m. and 11 a. m. each Sunday and Holyday, and Mass is also said each Sunday at 8:30 a. m. in the MAAG Chapel.

Schools

The Taipei American School, kindergarten through the twelfth grade, is located at Lane 123, Chang An East Road, Section 2, in Taipei. The school is independently operated as a cooperative by the Taipei American School Association, which is composed of all parents who have children in the school. It is directly supervised by a principal, who is responsible to a board of seven directors elected annually by the association. At the present time some 1,200 students

attend the school.

The calvert system, which is a recognized educational system in the United States, is used through the eighth grade. In the high school, although few elective subjects are offered, a standard college preparatory course under the guidance of qualified American teachers is provided. English is the language of instruction. The school year begins in the fall, continuing for two semesters until the following summer. School hours are from 8 a. m. until 12 and from 1 p. m. until 5 p. m. Annual fees per child, in United States dollars are as follows:

$40 book fee. This sum covers cost of supplies and books which must be purchased in the United States. $50 school registration fee. Payable only once.

$153 yearly tuition.

The book fee must be paid in United States currency. The registration and tuition fees are payable in local currency. All necessary books and supplies are inIcluded in the above and such items are issue as required. It is requested that parents coming to Taiwan notify the school of the ages of children to be entered so that books may be reserved and space provided in the classrooms.

Chinese nursery schools and kindergartens are open to foreign children on a limited basis; there are several privately run nursery schools for American children in the 3 to 5 age group.

Banking

No foreign banks operate in Taiwan. Banking facilities are limited to Taiwan dollars and, therefore, many Americans in Taiwan maintain bank accounts in the United States. The three commercial banks in Taiwan are-First Commercial Bank, Hua Nan Commercial Bank, and Chang Hua Commercial Bank.

Recreation Facilities

Two gulf clubs are located in the vicinity of Taipei. There are several good private and semipublic tennis courts. A small fee is charged for the use of the semipublic courts, while private courts are available on a membership and dues basis. Although there are a number of good beaches near Taipei, access is restricted because of security regulations.

Cross-island hiking trips are popular, however, entrance to many areas require special passes. There is some hunting of ducks, pheasants, etc., in the southern part of the island but the hunter must be accompanied by a local resident. Motor trips are restricted in all military areas unless special passes have been secured. It is possible, and worthwhile, to tour much of the island by car as Taiwan has some of the most beautiful scenery in the world. Aborigine Sun villages are a source of interest to foreigners. Moon Lake, a few hours out of Taipei, has an attractive resort hotel.

Four local air-conditioned theaters show comparatively recent films in English, and the Chinese theaters show Chinese films and occasionally stage Chinese

opera.

Good foreign meals are served at a reasonable cost at two of the hotels with western standards. A number of Chinese restaurants offer the dining specialties of Peking, Canton, Shanghai, Hunan, Szechuan, and Foochow. In addition, several Japanese-style restaurants serve many favorite dishes of Japan in the traditional custom.

Libraries and Reading Matter

The United States Information Service maintains a library at which the latest selections of both fiction and nonfiction are generally available. There are three local English newspapers daily, and subscriptions are

available for Hong Kong and Tokyo English newspapers. United States magazines are available at several stores locally.

Languages

The official language of Taiwan is Chinese. The "national language" is taught in the schools, but the most common dialect is that of Amoy (Fukien). Many Chinese officials and businessmen speak English.

Transportation, Communications, Utilities

Transportation

The city bus system in Taipei is rarely used by foreigners because of crowded conditions and language difficulties. Pedicabs are widely used for travel around town, but because of increased automobile and bus service, such conveyance is somewhat hazardous during rush periods. Taxicabs, while available, are expensive. Taiwan has a good railroad system connecting all the important cities and towns and heavy commuter traffic is carried on the railroads. The main railway line connecting Keelung (the northern deepwater port) and Taipei with Tainan and Kaohsiung, the two chief southern cities, is well maintained and operates eight through trains in each direction daily over the 250 miles between terminals.

An automobile, although not essential in Taipei, is generally considered desirable by Americans because, in addition to the convenience of having such transportation in the city, owners may make recreational trips to the country. A smaller car is more convenient to handle in the narrow streets and lanes of Taipei.

Taiwan has an extensive network of highways. In and around the major cities of Taipei, Keelung, Tainan, and Kaohsiung, the principal roads are paved with either cencrete or asphalt. A bituminous arterial highway connects Keelung in the north with Kaohsiung in the south. Many of the streets in Taipei are paved, but in the residential areas streets are usually narrow, unpaved lanes.

Taipei is regularly serviced by the following airlines: Hong Kong Airways and Civil Air Transport (CAT) schedule several flights, weekly to and from Hong Kong (about 3 hours flying time). Northwest Airlines has 3 flights weekly to Tokyo and 1 to Okinawa. CAT has 2 flights a week to and from Manila, and Thai Airways has 3 flights a week to Tokyo and Hong Kong. CAT and Foshing Airlines also make regular intraisland flights.

Automobile insurance is available, and liability insurance is mandatory in Taiwan. Automobile insurance covering theft, damage, etc., is available at a cost of NT$787.50 per year for NT$20,000 coverage. Third-party liability insurance is available at a cost of NT$472.50 per year for a maximum coverage of NT$15,000 per person and NT$30,000 per accident, NT$10,000 property damage, NT$1,000 passenger medical care, NT$5,000 each accident, and an additional NT$15,000 to cover payments for personal injury, property damage, and medical care.

Communications

The local telephone service is adequate and long distance service is being improved. International telephone and telegraph services are available at reasonable rates. Regular mail, airmail, and parcel-post services are available to and from the United States and most parts of the world. Air mail is ordinarily about 1 week enroute to or from the United States, and regular mail and parcel post require about 6 to 8 weeks. International postal rates apply. Radio broadcasting stations of various types operate throughout Taiwan. Radio receiving sets brought into the country must be registered with the local telecommunications office within 1 week of arrival.

Utilities

Taipei has a municipal water supply, electricity, street lights, many paved streets, and a system of open storm drainage sewers. No sanitary sewer system is available but septic tanks are used.

Although the water supply in Taipei City is municipally owned, unboiled water from this source cannot be used safely for drinking or brushing teeth. Coalburning water heaters provide most residences with hot water. Heat during the winter months in westernstyle houses is usually by fireplace with supplementary portable kerosene heaters for small rooms and kerosene space heaters for large areas.

The Taiwan Power Company furnishes electrical service for domestic consumers at 100 volts, 60 cycles.' A 3-wire service, single-phase, 100/200 volts may also be obtained by applying to the nearest district office of the power company. The company is attempting to maintain these voltages within the usual plus or minus 5 percent. Voltages between 95 and 105 are therefore considered satisfactory. There are some locations where this voltage regulation cannot be obtained at the present time. Every effort is being made to reinforce these areas where voltages are now substandard. Standard United States appliances are usually rated at 110-115 volts or 220-230 volts and should operate satisfactorily at voltages which are within plus or minus 10 percent of these voltages. Persons using electric ranges, air conditioners, or other large energy consuming devices should realize that the electric rates of the Taiwan Power Company are a "single block" rate and the cost of electricity for such devices will be much in excess of that in the United States.

Foreign Representation

The United States Embassy in Taipei is in a position to render valuable assistance to United States citizens in Taiwan, including the American business visitor. It is in the interest of all United States citizens residing in Taiwan to register at the American Embassy. All of the United States consular services in Taiwan are rendered by the Embassy staff at Taipei.

2 Electric Current Abroad, which includes electric current charac teristics of Taiwan cities, is available for 20 cents from the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C., or from any of the Department's Field Offices.

Pt.2 1957, Mo. 95,

LIBERIA is not a member of the International Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property. However, a Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation formalizes United States relations with Liberia. This treaty, which came into force in 1939, guarantees in part, rights of property ownership, and lease protection under the law, noninterference in professions, scientific, religious, philanthropic, manufacturing and commercial activities subject to the local laws, equal status with Liberians as regards taxation, judicial proceedings, and protection. Section 1225 through 1232 of the Revised Statutes of Liberia provide patent regulations applicable to both Liberians and foreigners. Trademarks are provided for in an act approved January 9, 1925, while copyrights are covered by an act passed on December 22, 1911.

Kinds of Rights and Their Protection

Patents

Every patent shall contain a short description of the discovery, invention, or improvement, correctly indicating its nature and design, and shall grant to the applicant and his heirs, administrators, executors, or assigns for a term not exceeding 20 years, the full and exclusive right to make, use, and sell within the Republic of Liberia the said discovery, invention, or improvement, referring to the specifications for the particulars thereof, a copy of which specifications, together with all illustrated drawings, shall be annexed to the patent showing what the patentee claims as his discovery, invention, or improvement. Such patents shall be issued in the name and under the seal of the Republic of Liberia, and shall be signed by the President of the Republic, and countersigned by the Secretary of State, and shall be recorded, together with the specifications and all illustrations and drawings in the patent office.

Any person having discovered or invented any new and useful art, machine, manufacture, process, or com

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position of matter, or any new and useful improvement, or application thereof, not known or used by others in Liberia, and not patented or described in any publication in Liberia before his discovery or invention thereof, and any alien being the legal owner of a patent, or improvement or application thereof, and desiring to introduce the same into Liberia, may make application in writing to the Secretary of State for a patent, and the Secretary of State shall grant the same after the applicant shall have complied with certain requirements.

Before the inventor or discoverer shall receive a patent for his invention, or discovery, he shall comply with the following requirements:

He shall file in the office of the Secretary of State a written description of his patent, or discovery, and in the manner and process of making, constructing, compounding, and using it, in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art or science to which it appertains, or with which it is most nearly connected, to make, construct, compound, and use the same; and he shall particularly point out and distinctly claim the parts, improvement, or combination, which he claims as his invention or discovery. He shall furthermore accompany the description with drawings, when the nature of the case admits thereof.

The applicant shall make and sign an affidavit that he does believe himself to be the original inventor or discoverer of the art, machine, manufacture, process, composition of matter or improvement, or application thereof, for which he solicits a patent; that he does not know and does not believe that the same was ever before known or used in Liberia prior to his said invention or discovery; and that he is a citizen of Liberia, or an alien as the case may be. However, before a patent can be granted to an alien applicant, he shall deliver with the said description a certificate signed and sealed by the Mayor of the city, or Governor of the State, in which he resides, or by a duly authorized notary public, which certificate shall set forth that the applicant originated, or discovered, the