American Foreign Policy, Current Documents

tional training in agriculture and in industry for young people of outstanding ability who can not afford the normal expenses of such training, to which the United States will offer substantial financial assistance.

The Presidents note the primary role of coffee in the economies of Central America and the importance of the International Coffee Agreement 12 for the achievement of stable and remunerative prices. They reiterate the intention of their governments to fully support the agreement so that it will serve as an effective instrument to improve the earnings of exporting countries from coffee and to promote their economic development.

Other primary commodity problems exist and the Isthmian Presidents will hand to President Kennedy studies on these problems. President Kennedy agrees he will have them reviewed immediately on his return to Washington.

The Presidents, notwithstanding the fact that present conditions are favorable to undertake a solution of the economic and social problems of the Isthmus through joint action of the countries of the area, believe that all of them are faced with an externally provoked political problem, which by its very nature can imperil the exercise of representative democracy and the normal development of the plans in which their respective governments are engaged to attain as rapidly as possible the highest levels of economic and social justice and to bring to full realization the plans for Central American integration. Consequently, the Presidents declare that in order to carry out their programs for social and economic betterment, it is essential to reinforce the measures to meet subversive aggression originating in the focal points of Communist agitation which Soviet imperialism may maintain in Cuba or in any other place in America.

The Presidents note that the Council of the Organization of American States is actively engaged in maintaining vigilance over the continued intervention of Sino-Soviet powers in this Hemisphere as requested by the Eighth Meeting of Consultation of Foreign Ministers.13 They express special interest in early completion by the Council of the OAS of the studies on Castro-Communist subversion in the Hemisphere, and particularly in early action by the Council on recommendations to the governments for counteracting those activities in these areas.14

The Presidents agree that Ministers of Government of the seven countries should meet as soon as possible to develop and put into immediate effect common measures to restrict the movement of their nationals to and from Cuba, and the flow of materiel, propaganda and funds from that country.

This meeting will take action, among other things, to secure stricter travel and passport controls, including appropriate limitations in passports and other travel documents on travel to Cuba. Cooperative

12 Post, doc. XI-17.

Text in American Foreign Policy: Current Documents, 1962, pp. 320-336. "Ibid., pp. 361-366.

arrangements among not only the countries meeting here but also among all OAS members will have to be sought to restrict more effectively not only these movements of people for subversive purposes but also to prevent insofar as possible the introduction of money, propaganda, materials, and arms. Arrangements for additional sea and air surveillance and interception within territorial waters will be worked out with special cooperation from the United States.

In addition to these measures, a more rapid and complete exchange of intelligence information on the movement of people, propaganda, money and arms between Cuba and our countries is to be developed by the Meeting of Ministers.15

The Presidents voice their deep sympathy for the people of Cuba, and reaffirm their conviction that Cuba soon will join the family of free nations. The Presidents recall how, in 1959, the Cuban people were fired with the hope of a purely Cuban revolution that was to bring them freedom and social justice; honest government and free elections; fair sharing of goods; opportunities for all; more schools and jobs, better health and housing, and constructive land reform not collectivization of the land. In sum, a progressive republic which, in the words of Martí, would be "con todos y para todos". The Presidents declare that they have no doubt that the genuine Cuban revolution will live again, and its betrayers will fall into the shadows of history, and the martyred people of the oppressed isle of the Caribbean will be free from foreign Communist domination, free to choose for themselves the kind of government they wish to have, and free to join their brothers of the Hemisphere in the common undertaking to secure for each individual the liberty, dignity, and well-being which are the objectives of all free societies.

Finally the Presidents solemnly reaffirm their adherence to the principles established by the Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance of Rio de Janeiro,16 the Charter of the OAS," in the Act of Bogotá and in the Charter of Punta del Este.

III-7

"EVERY NATION PRESENT WAS DETERMINED THAT WE WOULD BOTH PROTECT OURSELVES AGAINST IMMEDIATE DANGER AND GO FORWARD WITH THE GREAT WORK OF CONSTRUCTING DYNAMIC, PROGRESSIVE SOCIETIES, IMMUNE TO THE FALSE PROMISES OF COMMUNISM": Statement Read by the President (Kennedy) at a News Conference, March 21, 1963 18

10 Text in American Foreign Policy, 1950–1955: Basic Documents, vol. I, pp. 789-796.

17 Text in A Decade of American Foreign Policy: Basic Documents, 1941–1949, pp. 427-445.

Department of State Bulletin, Apr. 8, 1963, pp. 511-512.

III-8

"I DON'T THINK THAT THE PRESIDENTS OF LATIN AMERICA THOUGHT THAT FURTHER ACTION, INVASION, OR BLOCKADE [OF CUBA] AT THIS TIME WOULD BE FRUITFUL": Reply Made by the President (Kennedy) to a Question Asked at a News Conference, March 21, 1963 (Excerpt) 19

I don't think that the Presidents of Latin America thought that further action, invasion, or blockade [of Cuba] at this time would be fruitful. At least none of them made that proposal to me. As you know, the burden of such an action would fall on the United States, and I think they're quite aware that the United States would have to carry out the action. We have responsibilities all through the world. You've just mentioned South Korea and Berlin, as an example of two areas where we have vital commitments, so that I think the Presidents of Central America are well aware that the United States is as anxious as they are to prevent the flow of communism in this hemisphere and that we are taking every action that we believe to be responsible and effective to achieve that end. . .

...

III-9

MEETING OF THE MINISTERS OF GOVERNMENT, INTERIOR, AND SECURITY OF COSTA RICA, EL SALVADOR, GUATEMALA, HONDURAS, NICARAGUA, PANAMA, AND THE UNITED STATES: Final Act, Adopted at Managua, April 4, 1963 20

RESOLUTION I

The Meeting of Ministers of Government, Interior and Security convoked pursuant to the pertinent section of the Declaration of Central America" signed by the Presidents of the seven countries in San José, Costa Rica on March 19, 1963

AGREES

To recommend to their Governments that they adopt, within the limitations of their respective constitutional provisions, measures to be put into effect immediately, to prohibit, restrict and discourage the movement of their nationals to and from Cuba. To this end, they propose the adoption of the following measures:

"The reply printed here is taken from p. 275 of Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: John F. Kennedy, 1963.

"Department of State Bulletin, May 6, 1963, pp. 719-721. The Ministers met at Managua Apr. 3 and 4; the U.S. delegation was headed by Deputy Attorney General Nicholas deB. Katzenbach.

21 Ante, doc. III-6.

1) Provide, as a general rule, that every passport or other travel document which may be issued carry a stamp which indicates that said passport is not valid for travel to Cuba.

2) Declare officially that nationals who are permitted to travel to Cuba should have the permission duly inscribed in their official travel document.

3) Promulgate regulations restricting the granting of visas to foreigners who have traveled to Cuba within a stipulated period of time.

4) Notify travel agencies and transport companies of these measures for due compliance; and inform the governments of other countries through the most appropriate means.

5) Request the Governments of the Hemisphere:

a) not to allow the nationals of signatory countries to travel to Cuba unless they possess a valid passport or other document issued by their country of origin valid for such travel;

b) not to accept visas, tourist cards or other documents issued to their nationals for travel to Cuba which do not form an integral (nondetachable) part of their passports or other travel documents;

c) to observe the limitations placed in the passports or other travel documents of the nationals of signatory governments and not allow them to depart for Cuba;

d) to inform the signatory countries through appropriate channels of refusals to allow one of their nationals to depart for Cuba; and

e) to provide the signatory governments the names of their nationals which may appear on the passenger list of any airplane or ship going to or coming from Cuba.

RESOLUTION II

The Meeting of Ministers of Government, Interior and Security convoked pursuant to the pertinent section of the Declaration of Central America signed by the Presidents of the seven countries in San José, Costa Rica on March 19, 1963

AGREES

To recommend to their Governments that they enlist the cooperation of financial institutions to report on the transfer of funds which persons or groups catalogued as Communist subversive elements make, within their respective countries, for subversive purposes; and to establish surveillance of Communist-controlled businesses and other activities to identify the transfer of funds through such establishments for subversive purposes or activities; and impound such funds, or take preventive measures, compatible with each country's legislation, so that they may not be used for purposes that would tend to destroy democratic governments.

RESOLUTION III

The Meeting of Ministers of Government, Interior and Security convoked pursuant to the pertinent section of the Declaration of Central

America signed by the Presidents of the seven countries in San José, Costa Rica on March 19, 1963

AGREES

To recommend that their Governments take action to impede the clandestine movement of arms into the Isthmian countries, including specific instructions to border control forces to intensify port, airfield and border inspection of incoming and outgoing cargo in order to prevent contraband traffic in arms; and establish strict security and accountability with respect to arms and ammunition issued to their armed forces and law enforcement agencies.

RESOLUTION IV

The Meeting of Ministers of Government, Interior and Security convoked pursuant to the pertinent section of the Declaration of Central America signed by the Presidents of seven countries in San José, Costa Rica on March 19, 1963

AGREES

To recommend to their Governments action to prevent the introduction of subversive Communist propaganda materials into the Isthmian countries from abroad, adopting laws as necessary to provide severe penalties for persons knowingly engaged in the introduction or dissemination of such propaganda; and report to the diplomatic missions of the signatory countries the identity of any person discovered introducing or disseminating such propaganda material in the country.

RESOLUTION V

AGREES

To recommend to their Governments that they adopt as soon as possible for immediate implementation effective measures to prevent subversive activities that may be instigated by Castro-communist propaganda or agents in each of the Central American countries and Panama.

RESOLUTION VI

AGREES

To recommend to their Governments that in order to impede the clandestine movement of persons, propaganda materials and arms for subversive purposes a cooperative system be established involving:

« Înapoi Continuă »

Cărți

American Foreign Policy, Current Documents, Volumul 10