Floors. Provisions affecting floors look mostly toward one end, viz, tightness. All toilet rooms, lavatories, and other rooms where plumbing fixtures are used, shall have a waterproof floor and base of nonabsorbent, indestructible material, such as asphalt, glass, marble, vitrified or glazed tile or terrazzo, or monolithic composition (Ohio).1 All floors of toilet rooms and others in which plumbing is found shall be of nonabsorbent, waterproof material, with nonabsorbent, waterproof base not less than 6 inches high and nonabsorbent, waterproof sanitary cove; wherever possible the floors of laboratories, domestic-science rooms, and corridors shall be subject to a similar rule; floor coverings are prohibited except in the superintendent's or principal's office, rest rooms, or teachers' rooms (Indiana). The new law in Texas reads that "all floors shall have their surfaces made impervious to water and germs by a coat of boiling paraffin oil or other floor dressing having similar effect, applied immediately after the floor is laid." Floors should be of hard, well-seasoned wood, closely laid, so as to leave no cracks (South Dakota). 113 Interior finish. Recent years have witnessed the introduction of much greater simplicity into the architecture of the interior of all classes of buildings, to the end that the collection of dust may be decreased. This is just beginning to influence schoolhouse construction. Ohio has done most in this direction, requiring (1) that all base shall be 6 inches high and have a sanitary cove at floor level, (2) that all interior wood finish shall be small as possible and free from unnecessary dust catchers, (3) that door and window jambs be rounded and plastered, except in museums, libraries, and art galleries. Indiana has practically an identical regulation. The Texas law referred to in the preceding paragraph also provides that all interior woodwork shall be without "such unnecessary fluting, turning, or carving as catch dust and microbes." "Wainscoting should never be used in a school building, as it is insanitary" (South Dakota).1 5 Wardrobes and vestibules.-The Indiana law reads that separate and well-lighted, warmed, and ventilated cloakrooms, or sanitary lockers, shall be provided for each study schoolroom. If separated from classrooms, the wardrobes shall be separately heated and ventilated the same as the former (Ohio, Indiana ). A cloakroom shall be at least 6 feet wide and have an outside window (Minnesota).' New schools of one and two rooms must have a vestibule of reason 1 State Building Code, part 2, title 3. 2 Bull., 1913, No. 52, U. S. Bu. of Ed., 3 Law effective July 1, 1913. p. 11. Bien. Rep. State Supt. Pub. Instr. (1910-12), p. 154. 5 School Law, p. 135. Bull., 1913, No. 52, U. S. Bu. of Ed., p. 15. 7 State Health Laws and Reg., p. 54. able size (Montana). Corridors when used as coatrooms shall be well lighted and ventilated (Vermont). Protection from boiler explosion.-Insurance against the horrors attendant upon a boiler explosion have been in the minds of legislators of several States when passing school laws. They have gone about the business in as many different ways. Maine looks to the engineer. It has enacted that a school, church, or other public building heated by a steam plant under or near such building, must employ to care for the same a person whose capacity shall be tested by the local municipal authorities. Massachusetts tests the boiler instead of the engineer. Steam boilers in public buildings are to be inspected as often as once a year, both externally and internally, as to general condition, safety valve, appliances for indicating pressure, etc.; and all boilers shall have a fusible safety plug of lead or something equally fusible. Ohio has decided to change the location of the boiler if necessary. "No cast-iron boiler carrying more than 10 pounds pressure or steel boiler carrying more than 35 pounds pressure shall be located within the main walls of any school building." These three laws regarding steam boilers are no doubt only representatives of their classes, since similar enactments are to be found in a large number of the States. 3 Rest rooms.-Ohio has spoken on one very interesting feature. In all schools of four to eight class rooms there must be one rest room; in all schools of over eight classrooms, two rest rooms. The equipment of such a room shall consist of a couch, supplies for first aid to the injured, water supply, and toilet accommodations. The school hack. Since Indiana has led the country in the movement for consolidation and transportation, it is not surprising that it has regulated somewhat the hygiene of the school hack. This vehicle must be well lighted, heated, and ventilated. Twice a year, once at the opening of school and again at Christmas, it shall be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected according to the rules of the State board of health. There is to be no overcrowding, but each child shall have a comfortable seat. Foot rests shall be provided for smaller pupils if their feet do not rest comfortably on the floor. Ohio has yet another provision that must be classed as miscellaneous, because it may have a variety of bearings. No school building shall occupy over 75 per cent of a corner lot, or 70 per cent of any other site. 1 Laws of 1913. 2 Laws relating to public schools, p. 49. 3 Acts of 1907, ch. 465. BIBLIOGRAPHY. The following is a list of sources used in the preliminary investigation for this bulletin. For later revisions see tables in the text of the bulletin. Alabama.-General Public School Laws of Alabama. Brown Printing Co. Montgomery, 1911. 224 pp. Arkansas.-Digest of Statutes (1905); Acts of 1905; Acts of 1911; Acts of 1913. Rules and Regulations of State Board of Education. Colorado.-The School Laws of the State of Colorado, as Amended to January 1, 1912. The Smith-Brooks Co., State Printers. Denver. 467 pp. Revised Statutes of 1908. Connecticut.-Revised Statutes of 1888. General, Statutes. Laws of 1907; Laws of 1909; Acts of 1911; Acts of 1913. 81 Conn. 276. Delaware.-School Laws, 1898-1909. Smyrna Times Print. Smyrna, 1909. 92+22 pp. Laws of Delaware. 16th Biennial Report of the Board of Health of the State of Delaware (1908-1910). Florida.-Digest of the School Laws of the State of Florida. T. J. Appleyard. Talla hassee, 1911. 207 pp. General Statutes. Acts of 1909. Fire Code of Public Schools, based on Laws of Florida, Ch. 5937, sec. 6. Georgia.-Georgia School Laws and Decisions. 1911. 112 pp. Idaho.-School Laws of Idaho. Lewiston Evening Teller. Lewiston, 1911. 114 pp. Laws of 1909. Revised Codes. Handbook of Information for Trustees, containing rules of State Board of Rules of State Board of Health. Illinois. Revised Statutes (1911). Indiana.-School Law of Indiana. Indianapolis, 1911. 537 pp. Acts of 1913. Blue v. Beach, 155 Ind. 121. Reports of State Board of Health, various years. Book of Instructions to Health Authorities, issued by State Board of Iowa.-School Laws of Iowa. Edition of 1911. Emory H. English. Des Moines, Kansas.-Laws Relating to the Common Schools of Kansas. State Printing Office. Topeka, 1911. 248 pp. General Statutes of 1909. Kentucky.-Common School Laws of the State of Kentucky. Louisville Continental Printing Co. Louisville, 1910. 220 pp. School laws, 1914, pp. 211. Statutes of 1909. Report of State Board of Health, 1908–9. Louisiana.-Public School Laws of Louisiana. Eighth Compilation. Baton Rouge, 1912. 132 pp. Revised Statutes. Constitution and Revised Laws, 1904; Amendments to same, 1904-1908. Session Laws of 1910. Maine.-Laws of Maine relating to Public Schools. Kennebec Journal Print. Augusta, 1911. 80 pp. Laws of 1909. Maryland.-Public School Laws of Maryland. Meyer & Thalheimer. Baltimore, 1910. 91 pp. School laws of 1913. Laws of 1906; Laws of 1912. Massachusetts.-Revised Laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts relating to Public Instruction (to 1911, inclusive). 101 pp. Revised Laws of 1902. Acts of 1906; Acts of 1907; Acts of 1908; Acts of 1910; Acts of 1912. Regulations issued by inspector of factories and public buildings. Michigan.-State of Michigan. General School Laws. Wynkoop, Hallenbeck, Crawford Co., State Printers. Lansing, 1911. 230 pp. Laws of 1911. Public Health, January-March, 1910. Published Quarterly by the State Minnesota.-Revised Laws of 1905. Laws of 1909; Laws of 1913, ch. 61, 415, 507. Bulletin No. 40. Minnesota Department of Public Instruction. State Minnesota State Health Laws and Regulations. Issued May 1, 1912. Mississippi.-School Laws. State of Mississippi. Annotated Code of 1906. Brandon Printing Co. Nashville, Tenn., 1906. 63 pp. School laws, 1914. Code of 1906. Laws of 1910. Missouri.-Revised School Laws of the State of Missouri. Hugh Stephens Printing Bulletin of Department of Public Health, State of Montana, Vol. 6, No. 1. Nebraska.-Nebraska School Laws. Hammond & Stephens Co. Fremont, 1911. 138 pp. Cobbey's Compiled Statutes, 1907. Law of April 10, 1911; Acts of 1913, ch. 82. Regulations of Department of Labor. Nevada.-State of Nevada. The School Code, 1911. State Printing Office. Carson City, 1912. 120 pp. Revised Laws of 1912. 119 Pac. 770. New Hampshire.-Laws of New Hampshire relating to Common Schools. John B. Clarke Co. Manchester, 1911. 86 pp. Public Statutes in force January 1, 1901. Laws of 1911. Fogg v. Board of Education of Littleton (not yet in printed court reports). New Jersey-New Jersey School Laws. MacCrellish & Quigley. Trenton, 1911. 292 pp. State Building Code, issued by State Board of Education. New York-Education Law. Education Department Bulletin No. 512. State of Circular letter of August 1, 1912, issued by Commissioner of Education. North Carolina-Public School Law of North Carolina. Raleigh, 1913. 143 pp. Public Laws, 1909. North Dakota State of North Dakota. General School Laws. Knight Printing Co. Fargo, 1911. 152 pp. Acts of 1913. Laws of 1911; Laws of 1913. State Aid to Consolidated, Graded, and Rural Schools. Issued by State Ohio-School Laws of the State of Ohio. F. J. Heer Printing Co. Columbus, 1910. 257 pp. Code of 1910. Laws of 1910; Laws of 1913; School laws of 1914, S. B. 9. Ohio State Building Code. F. J. Heer Printing Co. Columbus, 1912. 272 pp. Minutes of meeting of State Board of Health, January 22, 1913. Oklahoma-Laws and Opinions for the Regulation and Support of the Common Schools. Peerless Press. Oklahoma City, 1910. 104 pp. Revised Laws. Law of April 28, 1908; Law of March 20, 1911. 2d Biennial Report of State Public Health Department. Oregon Oregon School Laws. Willis S. Duniway, Printer. Salem, 1911. Lord's Oregon Laws (General Laws). 155 pp. Statutes of Oregon relating to Public Health, and Rules and Regulations of the Oregon State Board of Health. Willis S. Duniway, Printer. Salem, 1911. 71 pp. Laws of 1913. Pennsylvania-School Code of Pennsylvania. C. E. Aughinbaugh. Harrisburg, 1911. 224 pp. pp. Stewart's Purdon's Digest of the Statute Law of the State of Pennsylvania. Laws of 1895; Laws of 1903; Act of April 27, 1905; Act of April 13, 1911; Rhode Island-Laws of Rhode Island Relating to Education. E. L. Freeman Co., Laws of 1911. South Carolina-General School Law of South Carolina. The Michie Co., Printers. Charlottesville, Va. 97 pp. Acts of 1912; Acts of 1914. |